Abstract: A semiconductor device and a method for forming the same can block a moving path of electrons between neighbor buried gates. A semiconductor device includes a device isolation film formed to define an active region over a semiconductor substrate. The semiconductor device also includes a plurality of buried gates formed over the active region, and a barrier film formed between neighboring buried gates from the plurality of buried gates.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an optical system for a camera. The optical system for a camera includes: a first lens having positive refractive power and a meniscus shape concave toward an image; a second lens having negative refractive power and a shape concave toward the image; a third lens having the positive refractive power and a shape convex toward an object; a fourth lens having the positive refractive power and a shape convex toward the image; and a fifth lens having the negative refractive power, a shape convex toward the object and concave to the image, and one or more inflection point provided on an image surface.

Abstract: Disclosed are an available channel information sharing system and an available channel information sharing method, and an available channel information sharing system and an available channel information sharing method based on positional information and area information. The available channel information sharing system sharing available channel information for each unit region includes: a server; a white band device placed in the unit region; and a white band sensing device creating positional information and transmitting the created positional information to the server, receiving unit region information corresponding to the positional information from the server, and transmitting first available channel information based on channel information of a sensed broadcasting signal to the white band device.

Abstract: Disclosed is a network management apparatus for priority channel assignment to acquire available channels in a frequency sharing band, including: a signal intensity measurer measuring a received signal intensity for an input signal; and a controller verifying usable candidate channels in the same channel and an adjacent channel of a TV band device (TVBD) for each predetermined frequency based on the measured received signal intensity, verifying available channels of the TVBD based on the verified usable candidate channels in the same channel and the adjacent channel, calculating the decreased number of available channels of the TVBD predicted for each channel after channel reassignment, and assigning channels to be reassigned based on the calculated decreased number of available channels of the TVBD.

Abstract: Provided is a battery charge circuit including a charging power supply unit configured to generate an internal voltage using an external power supply; a charging unit configured to measure voltages of first to fourth batteries, output measurement signals, and selectively charge at least one among the first to fourth batteries in response to charge control signals; and a control unit configured to select charging methods corresponding to the measurement signals among a plurality of charging methods stored therein, and generate the control signals corresponding to the charging methods.

Abstract: Provided is a battery charge circuit including a charging power supply unit configured to generate an internal voltage using an external power supply; a charging unit configured to measure voltages of a plurality of batteries, output measurement signals, and selectively charge at least one among the plurality of batteries in response to charge control signals; and a control unit configured to select charging methods corresponding to the measurement signals, and generate the control signals corresponding to the charging methods.

Abstract: An electrical connection unit includes a first electrical connection part and a second electrical connection part combined with the first electrical connection part. The first electrical connection part includes a first signal pin configured to transmit an electrical control signal, and a first ground pin configured to receive a ground voltage, the first ground pin being longer than the first signal pin. The second electrical connection part includes a second signal pin and a second ground pin, the second signal pin facing the first signal pin and being electrically connected to the first signal pin, the second ground pin facing the first ground pin and being electrically connected to the first ground pin. An electrical over-stress may be quickly discharged using the aforementioned electrical connection unit. Accordingly, the reliability of a display device including the electrical connection unit may be improved.

Abstract: A lens module may include a first lens having positive refractive power; a second lens having positive refractive power; a third lens having negative refractive power; a fourth lens having refractive power; a fifth lens having refractive power; a sixth lens having negative refractive power; and a seventh lens having refractive power and one or more inflection points formed in locations thereof not crossing an optical axis, wherein the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, the fifth lens, the sixth lens and the seventh lens are disposed in a sequential order from the first lens to the seventh lens.

Abstract: A lens module is disclosed. A lens module in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention includes a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, and a fourth lens that are arranged successively in the direction from an object side to an imaging surface, wherein the first lens has a positive refractive index, the second lens a negative refractive index, the third lens a positive refractive index, and the fourth lens a negative refractive index, wherein the third lens includes a first sub-lens, a second sub-lens, and a third sub-lens that have a positive refractive index, wherein the fourth lens includes a center portion surrounding an optical axis and a peripheral portion surrounding the center portion, wherein the center portion on the imaging surface side is formed in a concave shape and the peripheral portion on the imaging surface side is formed in a convex shape.

Abstract: Provided is an over-current protection apparatus including a current sensor configured to transform input current into a voltage signal, and output the voltage signal; an over-current sensing unit driven according to the voltage signal output from the current sensor; and an over-current determination unit configured to generate a switching unit driving signal, the logic level of which is determined according to a duration of an output signal of the over-current sensing unit.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for calculating a radio coverage in a wireless device for calculating a protective distance so as not to allow a secondary user sharing a frequency with a primary user to have an effect of radio interference on the primary user, the method including: calculating a transmission power of a wireless signal transmitted through the frequency by the secondary user; determining a region affected by the wireless signal based on the transmission power of the secondary user; calculating an average ground clearance of the determined region; calculating a height of an installation place of an antenna of the secondary user from the average ground clearance; and calculating the height of the antenna from the average ground clearance by adding a length of the antenna of the secondary user to the calculated height and calculating the radio coverage based on the height from the average ground clearance.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of allocating radio resources, including: acquiring available channel information of a cognitive radio small cell; analyzing a channel characteristic based on the available channel information and dividing a required transmission rate of the cognitive radio small cell into required transmission rates for each available channel; and performing a power control for each available channel based on the divided required transmission rates for each available channel. The method of allocating radio resources may be performed under an interference environment in which a plurality of cognitive radio small cells is present and the plurality of cognitive radio small cells shares an available channel.

Abstract: A method of unlocking an electronic device based on motion recognitions generates motion information by detecting a user's motion, calculates optical flows based on the motion information, converts the optical flows into a code by sorting and grouping the optical flows based on predetermined reference directions, generates a comparison result indicating whether the code is consistent with a predetermined password by comparing the code with the predetermined password, and determines whether to unlock the electronic device based on the comparison result.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display panel comprising a plurality of data lines and a plurality of gate lines crossing the plurality of data lines, and a memory configured to store a plurality of gamma voltage data respectively corresponding to a plurality of partial areas of the display panel, the plurality of gamma voltage data for compensating a gamma difference between the partial areas of the display panel. The display apparatus further includes a timing controller configured to read, from the memory, the plurality of gamma voltage data respectively corresponding to the plurality of partial areas, and a plurality of data driver circuits configured to generate, based on the plurality of gamma voltage data, a plurality of grayscale voltages to be applied to the plurality of data lines in the plurality of partial areas.

Abstract: Disclosed are a wireless communication apparatus for reducing interference by a neighboring cell, and a method of reducing interference thereof. The method of reducing interference by a wireless communication apparatus includes: determining a neighboring small cell from one or more surrounding small cells adjacent to a small cell; allocating a communication resource to one or more users according to a channel state of the one or more users subscribing to the small cell; and transmitting data to the one or more users, to which the communication resource is allocated, by adopting one or more interference reducing methods for reducing interference by the neighboring small cell.

Abstract: A phase synchronization circuit for AC voltage includes an optical phase detection unit that outputs a phase detection signal by detecting an externally provided first AC voltage; a power failure detection unit that outputs a power failure signal by detecting the power failure condition of the first AC voltage; a control unit that selectively activates a selection signal according to the control of the power failure detection signal and outputs a phase control signal according to the control of the phase detection signal; a second AC voltage generation unit that generates a second AC voltage to have the same phase of the first AC voltage when outputting a second AC voltage according to the control of the phase control signal; and a selection unit that outputs either the first AC voltage or the second AC voltage according to the control of the selection signal.

Abstract: According to embodiments, a semiconductor memory may include: a variable resistance pattern disposed over a substrate and extended in a first direction; first and second structures including a plurality of interlayer dielectric layers and a plurality of conductive layers which are alternately stacked over the substrate, and contacted with one side surface and the other side surface of the variable resistance pattern, respectively, wherein the first stacked structure has a line shape extended in a first direction and the second stacked structure has a pillar shape; and a pillar-shaped conductive pattern contacted with one side surface of the second stacked structure, which is not contacted with the variable resistance pattern.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of allocating radio resources, including: acquiring available channel information of a cognitive radio small cell; analyzing a channel characteristic based on the available channel information and dividing a required transmission rate of the cognitive radio small cell into required transmission rates for each available channel; and performing a power control for each available channel based on the divided required transmission rates for each available channel. The method of allocating radio resources may be performed under an interference environment in which a plurality of cognitive radio small cells is present and the plurality of cognitive radio small cells shares an available channel.

Abstract: A time of flight (TOF) camera device and a method of driving the same are provided. The TOF camera device includes a pulse generator configured to generate a pulse signal, and generate a first photo gate signal and a second photo gate signal; a light source configured to irradiate an object with light emitted in synchronization with the pulse signal; and an image sensor configured to receive light reflected from the object in synchronization with the first photo gate signal during a first frame, and receive light reflected from the object in synchronization with the second photo gate signal during a second frame. The pulse generator is further configured to modulate the pulse signal so as to use a frequency of the light as a single frequency.

Abstract: An inverter of driving a light source for a display device is provided. The inverter includes a temperature sensor sensing a temperature and generating an output voltage based on the sensed temperature, a buffer generating an output signal having a state depending on the output voltage of the temperature sensor, an oscillator generating an oscillating signal having a frequency depending on the state of the output signal of the buffer, and an inverter performing a switching operation in response to the oscillating signal from the oscillator. Therefore, the inverter increases the voltage applied to the light source when the temperature near the light source is lower than a predetermined temperature since the frequency of the oscillating signal is increased.