Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a hydrolysate of a mixture of lignocellulosic biomass and seaweed biomass. By mixing seaweed biomass with lignocellulosic biomass and then preparing a hydrolysate, lignocellulosic biomass-derived acetic acid is consumed together with seaweed biomass-derived mannitol. As a result, high sugar productivity can be maintained while reducing fermentation inhibitors. Because the present disclosure can solve the problem of lignocellulosic biomass of decreased fermentation efficiency due to lignocellulose-derived fermentation inhibitors and the problem of seaweed biomass of very low productivity in spite of long fermentation time, the hydrolysate according to the present disclosure may be used to produce biofuels and biochemicals economically.

Abstract: An image display apparatus and a method for operating the same are disclosed. The method for operating an image display apparatus includes setting a position and size of a first undo/redo region based on a gaze of a user if the gaze of the user is to a first position, displaying the set first undo/redo region, extending the first undo/redo region based on movement of the gaze of the user if the gaze of the user is moved from the first position to a second position, displaying a second undo/redo region obtained by extending the first undo/redo region, reducing the size of the second undo/redo region if a time when the gaze of the user is to the second position exceeds a predetermined time, and displaying a third undo/redo region obtained by reducing the second undo/redo region.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a battery module balancing method using a single inductor. The battery module balancing method can balance a plurality of battery cells using a single inductor in each of battery modules having modularized battery cells, and balance the plurality of modules using a single inductor. Thus, the battery module balancing method can reduce the number of balancing operations and raise balancing power, thereby improving balancing efficiency.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for controlling tint of a display panel provided on a vehicle window to adjust light transmittance depending on ambient light conditions, thereby overcoming difficulties in securing a clear view, such as glare caused by sunlight or high-beam headlamps of a vehicle in the opposite direction lane during driving. The apparatus includes: a display panel film attached to a window glass of the vehicle, and having an adjustable tint; an operation unit setting the tint of the display panel film; a detection sensor unit quantifying a change in an external environment into data; and a control unit adjusting the tint of the display panel film according to a preset program by using the data received from the detection sensor unit.

Abstract: An oral care implement comprising a head and a handle is provided. The head comprises first and second faces. The first face includes a plurality of cleaning elements extending therefrom. The second face is located on an opposite side of the head to the first face. The head has a length in a direction along a longitudinal axis of the handle, and a width perpendicular to the length. The head has a proximal section adjacent to the handle and a distal section remote from the handle. The proximal section has a first maximum width and the distal section has a second maximum width, wherein the second maximum width is less than the first maximum width. The second face comprises a tissue cleanser, the tissue cleanser extending over a distal-most edge of the head and forming a ridge located on the distal-most edge of the head.

Abstract: A method of updating a grammar model used during speech recognition includes obtaining a corpus including at least one word, obtaining the at least one word from the corpus, splitting the at least one obtained word into at least one segment, generating a hint for recombining the at least one segment into the at least one word, and updating the grammar model by using at least one segment comprising the hint.

Abstract: A semiconductor system may include: a command queue suitable for storing a plurality of requests provided from a host according to rank and bank information of the requests; one or more determination units suitable for determining requests having a same row address in response to row address information of the requests stored in the command queue; an arbitration unit suitable for scheduling the plurality of requests according to internal priorities of the requests; a monitoring unit suitable for providing the rank information and row hit information of the plurality of requests outputted according to the scheduling result of the arbitration unit, to the arbitration unit; a command generation unit suitable for generating a plurality of commands corresponding to and in response to the plurality of requests outputted according to the scheduling result of the arbitration unit; and a semiconductor memory device suitable for performing an internal operation in response to the command, wherein the arbitration unit r

Abstract: The present invention relates to a technique for implementing a bidirectional DC-DC converter applied to an energy storage system. The bidirectional DC-DC converter includes a magnetically coupled inductor and a charging/discharging voltage storage unit between a DC link power supply and a battery power supply, and implements a high gain through a two-step voltage transformation process when a charging process or discharging process is performed. Thus, the bidirectional DC-DC converter can reduce the construction cost of the battery cell, guarantee a high voltage available range, and reduce the influence of leakage inductance.

Abstract: A speech recognition method and a speech recognition apparatus which pre-download a speech recognition model predicted to be used and use the speech recognition model in speech recognition is provided. The speech recognition method, performed by the speech recognition apparatus, includes determining a speech recognition model, based on user information downloading the speech recognition model, performing speech recognition, based on the speech recognition model, and outputting a result of performing the speech recognition.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a pre-5th-Generation (5G) or 5G communication system to be provided for supporting higher data rates Beyond 4th-Generation (4G) communication system such as Long Term Evolution (LTE). A reception method for an electronic device of the present disclosure comprises the steps of: receiving, from a transmission device, first location information including information on the coverage area of the transmission device; generating second location information using the first location information and location information of the electronic device; and determining location information of the transmission device using the second location information and information on the coverage area of the electronic device.

Abstract: There is provided a secondary battery including an electrode assembly having a stack structure of an anode/a separation film/a cathode, a pouch type exterior member configured of a lower surface in which a receiving part is formed and an upper surface covering the receiving part, a single electrode assembly or a plurality of electrode assemblies being received in the receiving part, and an electrode terminal formed outwardly of the pouch type exterior member, the secondary battery including: a sealing part formed by bonding edges of the pouch type exterior member, wherein a portion of the sealing part formed on a surface of the pouch type exterior member on which the electrode terminal is not formed outwardly of the exterior member is folded downwardly at an angle of 90 degrees.

Abstract: A motor driven power steering (MDPS) system is disclosed. The MDPS system includes a driving member configured to rotate about an axis; a worm shaft member having a worm gear and configured to rotate while engaged with a worm wheel; and a coupler member interposed between the driving member and the worm shaft member and configured to couple the driving member and the worm shaft and transmit power from the driving member to the worm shaft member. The coupler member includes a couple sleeve portion configured to receive and hold the driving member and the worm shaft member and a sleeve pressurizing portion surrounding the couple sleeve portion and configured to pressurize the couple sleeve portion toward the driving member or the worm shaft member.

Abstract: An ear bud set comprises: a body part; a leg part foldably connected to the body part; and an elastic body connected to the body part and a foldable portion of the leg part. The earbud set is stably provided in the ears when being used for the hearing aid or the earphone, the Bluetooth and the like, and thus is not easily separated from the ears despite vigorous motion, and since earholes are ventilated and external sound can be heard after being worn in the ears, sound transmission efficiency capable of preventing a safety accident is effective. The earbud set can be stably worn in the ears irrespective of the different shapes and sizes of ears of people, does not cause earaches by dispersing the force applied to the ears, and can be stably provided to the ears with low pressure.

Abstract: A logic circuit may include at least one magnetic tunnel junction device including a first layer configured to receive a particular input signal and a second layer connected to a node, and an inverter connected to the node and configured to generate an output signal by inverting a signal of the node, wherein the inverter includes a transistor on a substrate, and the at least one magnetic tunnel junction device is on an upper portion of the transistor. The at least one magnetic tunnel junction device may include first and second magnetic tunnel junction devices configured to receive first and second input signals, respectively. The logic circuit may include a magnetic tunnel junction device and a reference resistor configured to receive a second input signal, the reference resistor connected to the node, the reference resistor having a reference resistance. The logic circuit may be included in an apparatus.

Abstract: A pre-5G or 5G communication system to be provided for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4G communication system, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE). Disclosed are a method and an apparatus for performing interleaving by using an identical interleaving bit generation method in multiple interleavers included in a communication system. The present disclosure provides a method for interleaving an input bit sequence by an interleaver of a multiple access communication system. The method includes setting a common parameter used by multiple interleavers; setting a unique parameter for the interleaver in view of a correlation between bit sequences which are input to the multiple interleavers; and interleaving the input bit sequence by using prime-power depending on the common parameter and the unique parameter.

Abstract: A method of updating a grammar model used during speech recognition includes obtaining a corpus including at least one word, obtaining the at least one word from the corpus, splitting the at least one obtained word into at least one segment, generating a hint for recombining the at least one segment into the at least one word, and updating the grammar model by using at least one segment comprising the hint.

Abstract: There is provided a secondary battery including an electrode assembly having a stack structure of an anode/a separation film/a cathode, a pouch type exterior member configured of a lower surface in which a receiving part is formed and an upper surface covering the receiving part, a single electrode assembly or a plurality of electrode assemblies being received in the receiving part, and an electrode terminal formed outwardly of the pouch type exterior member, the secondary battery including: a sealing part formed by bonding edges of the pouch type exterior member, wherein a portion of the sealing part formed on a surface of the pouch type exterior member on which the electrode terminal is not formed outwardly of the exterior member is folded downwardly at an angle of 90 degrees.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a battery cell balancing circuit for balancing battery cells of a battery pack using a single inductor. The battery cell balancing circuit includes a first access unit, a second access unit and an electrical energy transfer unit for an electrical energy path of a battery pack. The battery cell balancing circuit selectively connects a strong cell or weak cell of the battery pack to a single inductor by controlling switching operations of switches of the first and second access units and the electrical energy transfer unit, thereby performing battery cell balancing. Thus, the power efficiency of the battery pack can be improved, and the size and price thereof can be reduced.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for controlling tint of a display panel provided on a vehicle window to adjust light transmittance depending on ambient light conditions, thereby overcoming difficulties in securing a clear view, such as glare caused by sunlight or high-beam headlamps of a vehicle in the opposite direction lane during driving. The apparatus includes: a display panel film attached to a window glass of the vehicle, and having an adjustable tint; an operation unit setting the tint of the display panel film; a detection sensor unit quantifying a change in an external environment into data; and a control unit adjusting the tint of the display panel film according to a preset program by using the data received from the detection sensor unit.

Abstract: An electronic device and method for providing a translations service are disclosed. The electronic device for providing a translation service includes an input unit comprising input circuitry configured to receive input text of a first language, a processor configured to divide the input text into a main segment and a sub-segment and to generate output text of a second language by selecting translation candidate text corresponding to the input text from translation candidate text of the second language, based on a meaning of text included in the sub-segment, and an output unit comprising output circuitry configured to output the output text.