Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining the temperature of a substrate within a processing chamber are described herein. The methods and apparatus described herein utilize an etalon assembly and a heterodyning effect to determine a first temperature of a substrate. The first temperature of the substrate is determined without physically contacting the substrate. A separate temperature sensor also measures a second temperature of the substrate and/or the substrate support at a similar location. The first temperature and the second temperature are utilized to calibrate one of the temperature sensors disposed within the substrate support, a model of the processes performed within the processing chamber, or to adjust a process parameter of the process performed within the processing chamber.

Abstract: An integrated heat management system includes: a heat pump subsystem, configured to exchange heat with a passenger compartment and a battery of a vehicle; a high-pressure cooling subsystem, configured to exchange heat with a high-pressure system of the vehicle and the heat pump subsystem; a battery self-heating subsystem, configured to heat the battery through charging and discharging; an air heating subsystem, configured to exchange heat with the passenger compartment; the heat pump subsystem including a compressor and a control valve, one end of the control valve being in communication with an exhaust port of the compressor, and an other end of the control valve being in communication with an air return port of the compressor directly or through a gas-liquid separator; and a control subsystem, configured to control the control valve to be in communication with the exhaust port and the air return port of the compressor.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for determining the endpoint of an etch operation used for forming high aspect ratio features and/or over low open area (<1%) on a substrate in a processing chamber. The method begins by obtaining a reference emission curve. An etch operation is performed on a patterned substrate. A plasma optical emission intensity is measured for each of the etch cycles. A differential curve between the reference emission and the plasma optical emissions is calculated. And endpoint is determined for the etch operation on the first substrate based on an inflection point detection or other unique features through pattern recognition in the differential curve for stopping the etch of the first substrate.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a battery energy processing device and method and a vehicle. The battery energy processing device includes: a bridge arm converter, having a first bus terminal connected with a positive electrode of a battery and a second bus terminal connected with a negative electrode of the battery; a motor winding, having a first end connected with a midpoint of the bridge arm converter; an energy storage device, respectively connected with a second end of the motor winding and the second bus terminal; and a controller, configured to control, in a first preset state, the bridge arm converter to charge and discharge the battery, so as to realize heating of the battery. In this way, the charging and discharging of the battery can be controlled, and internal resistance of the battery causes the battery to generate a large amount of heat, which causes a temperature rise of the battery, thereby realizing the heating of the battery.

Abstract: The invention relates to the technical field of pesticides, and in particular to a type of 3-isoxazolidinone compound, as well as a preparation method, a herbicidal composition and an application thereof. The 3-isoxazolidinone compound is as shown in Formula I: wherein, Q1 and Q2 each independently represent O or S; R1 and R2 each independently represent alkyl. The present compounds have superior crop safety while maintaining comparable or even better herbicidal activity, thus they are more selective in crops. Moreover, the compounds of the present invention have better anti-volatility to avoid drift.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an herbicidal compound according to Formula I, which is a pyridine ring-substituted pyridazinol compound, as well as derivatives of the compound, an herbicidal composition comprising the compound, preparation methods thereof, and applications thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to the technical field of bamboo products machining, in particular to a bamboo straw machining method, comprising: connecting two or more bamboo pieces to form a bamboo strip, continuously winding the bamboo strip according to a preset helical angle to form a cylinder, and cutting the cylinder according to a preset interval to form straws. Compared with traditional methods, the method has the following advantages: bamboo pieces are continuously connected to obtain a bamboo strip for continuous production, then the continuous bamboo strip is continuously wound to obtain a cylinder which is good in mechanical property, stable in structure and uniform in appearance, and finally, the cylinder is cut at equal intervals to continuously produce bamboo straws that are highly consistent in specification and performance; and the working efficiency is improved by over 20% on the whole. Labor and equipment costs are greatly reduced.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining the temperature of a substrate within a processing chamber are described herein. The methods and apparatus described herein utilize an etalon assembly and a heterodyning effect to determine a first temperature of a substrate. The first temperature of the substrate is determined without physically contacting the substrate. A separate temperature sensor also measures a second temperature of the substrate and/or the substrate support at a similar location. The first temperature and the second temperature are utilized to calibrate one of the temperature sensors disposed within the substrate support, a model of the processes performed within the processing chamber, or to adjust a process parameter of the process performed within the processing chamber.

Abstract: Implementations disclosed describe a collimator assembly having a collimator housing that includes an interface configured to optically couple to a process chamber that has a target surface, and a port to receive an optical fiber to deliver, to an enclosure formed by the collimator housing, a first (second) plurality of spectral components of light belonging to a first (second) range of wavelengths, and an achromatic lens located, at least partially, within the enclosure formed by the collimator housing, the achromatic lens to direct the first (second) plurality of spectral components of light onto the target surface to illuminate a first (second) region on the target surface, wherein the second region is substantially the same as the first region.

Abstract: The invention relates to the field of pesticide technology, and in particular a type of pyridyloxy carboxylate derivative, preparation method, herbicidal composition and application thereof. The pyridyloxy carboxylate derivative is represented by formula I, wherein, A, B each independently represent halogen, or alkyl or cycloalkyl with or without halogen; C represents hydrogen, halogen, alkyl or haloalkyl; Q represents halogen, cyano, cyanoalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, amino, nitro, formyl, alkyl with or without halogen or the like; M represents -alkyl-R, R represents unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclyl, aryl or heteroaryl; Y represents O or S; X represents nitro or NR1R2. The compound has excellent herbicidal activity and higher crop safety, especially good selectivity for key crops such as rice and soybean.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for determining the endpoint of an etch operation used for forming high aspect ratio features and/or over low open area (<1%) on a substrate in a processing chamber. The method begins by obtaining a reference emission curve. An etch operation is performed on a patterned substrate. A plasma optical emission intensity is measured for each of the etch cycles. A differential curve between the reference emission and the plasma optical emissions is calculated. And endpoint is determined for the etch operation on the first substrate based on an inflection point detection or other unique features through pattern recognition in the differential curve for stopping the etch of the first substrate.

Abstract: Described herein are 3-fluoro-4-hydroxybenzamide-containing inhibitors and/or degraders, and pharmaceutical compositions containing 3-fluoro-hydroxybenzamide-containing inhibitors and/or degraders. In some embodiments, the 3-fluoro-4-hydroxybenzamide-containing compounds of the disclosure can be used to treat a condition, for example, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.

Abstract: An endpoint detection system for enhanced spectral data collection is provided. An optical bundle is coupled to a light source. The optical bundle includes an emitting optical fiber and a receiving optical fiber disposed at a pairing angle relative to the emitting optical fiber. The optical bundle is coupled to a collimator assembly that receives a light beam of incident light from the emitting optical fiber and directs spectral components of the light beam to first and second portions of a substrate surface. The collimator collects reflected spectral components produced by the spectral components directed to the substrate surface. The collimator assembly transmits the reflected spectral components to the receiving fiber, which transmits the reflected spectral components to a light detection component. A processing device coupled to the light detection component determines a reflectance of the substrate surface based on the reflected spectral components.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an herbicidal compound according to Formula I, which is a five-membered ring-substituted pyridazinol compound, as well as derivatives of the compound, an herbicidal composition comprising the compound, preparation methods thereof, and applications thereof.

Abstract: An endpoint detection system for enhanced spectral data collection is provided. An optical bundle is coupled to a light source configured to generate incident light. The optical bundle includes two or more sets of optical fibers that each include an emitting optical fiber and a receiving optical fiber. The receiving optical fibers are disposed within the optical bundle at a pairing angle relative to a respective emitting optical fiber. The optical bundle is also coupled to a collimator assembly that includes an achromatic lens. The achromatic lens receives a first light beam of incident light from a first emitting optical fiber and directs spectral components of the first light beam to a first and second portion of a surface of a substrate. The first portion of the substrate surface is substantially the same as the second portion. The achromatic lens collects reflected spectral components that are produced by the spectral components directed to the first and second portions of the substrate surface.

Abstract: Methods and systems for detection of an endpoint of a substrate process are provided. A set of machine learning models are trained to provide a metrology measurement value associated with a particular type of metrology measurement for a substrate based on spectral data collected for the substrate. A respective machine learning model is selected to be applied to future spectral data collected during a future substrate process for a future substrate in view of a performance rating associated with the particular type of metrology measurement. Current spectral data is collected during a current process for a current substrate and provided as input to the respective machine learning model. An indication of a respective metrology measurement value corresponding to the current substrate is extracted from one or more outputs of the trained machine learning model.

Abstract: Implementations disclosed describe a collimator assembly having a collimator housing that includes an interface configured to optically couple to a process chamber that has a target surface, and a port to receive an optical fiber to deliver, to an enclosure formed by the collimator housing, a first (second) plurality of spectral components of light belonging to a first (second) range of wavelengths, and an achromatic lens located, at least partially, within the enclosure formed by the collimator housing, the achromatic lens to direct the first (second) plurality of spectral components of light onto the target surface to illuminate a first (second) region on the target surface, wherein the second region is substantially the same as the first region.

Abstract: A cool cluster comprises one or more transfer chambers; a plurality of process chambers connected to the one or more transfer chambers; and a computing device of the tool cluster. The computing device is to receive first measurements generated by sensors of a first process chamber during or after a process is performed within the first process chamber; determine that the first process chamber is due for maintenance based on processing the first measurements using a first trained machine learning model; after maintenance has been performed on the first process chamber, receive second measurements generated by the sensors during or after a seasoning process is performed within the first process chamber; and determine that the first process chamber is ready to be brought back into service based on processing the second measurements using a second trained machine learning model.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for determining the endpoint of an etch operation used for forming high aspect ratio features and/or over low open area (<1%) on a substrate in a processing chamber. The method begins by obtaining a reference emission curve. An etch operation is performed on a patterned substrate. A plasma optical emission intensity is measured for each of the etch cycles. A differential curve between the reference emission and the plasma optical emissions is calculated. And endpoint is determined for the etch operation on the first substrate based on an inflection point detection or other unique features through pattern recognition in the differential curve for stopping the etch of the first substrate.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein include optical sensor systems and methods of using such systems. In an embodiment, the optical sensor system comprises a housing and an optical path through the housing. In an embodiment, the optical path comprises a first end and a second end. In an embodiment a reflector is at the first end of the optical path, and a lens is between the reflector and the second end of the optical path. In an embodiment, the optical sensor further comprises an opening through the housing between the lens and the reflector.