Abstract: An oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (OSFET) includes a first insulating layer, a source, a drain, a U-shaped channel layer and a metal gate. The first insulating layer is disposed on a substrate. The source and the drain are disposed in the first insulating layer. The U-shaped channel layer is sandwiched by the source and the drain. The metal gate is disposed on the U-shaped channel layer, wherein the U-shaped channel layer includes at least an oxide semiconductor layer. The present invention also provides a method for forming said oxide semiconductor field effect transistor.

Abstract: A freeform DOE for use in an optical transmitter and a method of designing and manufacturing the DOE are provided. The freeform DOE is capable of achieving the same, or nearly the same, functionality as that of a glass DOE, but has a design that has been transformed to make the surface profile of the DOE compatible with a molding process that can be used to manufacture the DOE with high quality at low costs. The method of designing and manufacturing the DOE includes preselecting a CGH that will obtain a target freeform DOE design, using a preselected smoothing function to smooth the surface profile of the target freeform DOE design to transform the design into a DOE design that is compatible with a molding process, and using a fabrication process to manufacture a freeform DOE that is based on the transformed DOE design.

Abstract: A laser system for modifying the index of refraction of an optical hydrogel material. The laser system comprises a computer program to determine the position and shape of refractive structures to be written into the optical hydrogel material to correct a patient's vision, and a focused laser that generates laser light having a wavelength of from 400 nm to 900 nm, and which operates with an average power of 10 mW to 1000 mW to produce a pulse energy from 0.05 nJ to 1000 nJ with a peak intensity at focus of greater than 1013 W/cm2. The refractive structures exhibit a change in the index of refraction of 0.01 to 0.06 in the optical hydrogel material.

Abstract: An adaptive protection method for impedance of parallel capacitors comprises monitoring a terminal voltage and current of the capacitor; automatically calibrating the initial impedance of the capacitor when the capacitor is put into operation; calculating a real-time impedance of the capacitor during operation, dynamically updating the actual impedance of the capacitor periodically; comparing the real-time impedance of the capacitor with the actual impedance, updating the actual impedance if the relative value of the modulus of the real-time impedance change does not exceed the dynamic update limit threshold and the dynamic update reaches update period; generating an update failure alarm if the relative value of the modulus of the real-time impedance change exceeds the dynamic update limit threshold; generating a protection alarm if the relative value of the modulus of the real-time impedance change satisfies the protection alarm condition and the delay time is reached; and protecting the trip outlet if the r

Abstract: An optics system is provided that comprises a glass-based diffractive optical element (DOE) for coupling an optical signal passing out of an optical waveguide into a photodetector. The glass-based DOE improves optical link performance by performing one or more of shortening a response time of a photodetector, preventing an overloading condition of the photodetector from occurring and managing back reflection of light from the photodetector. The glass-based DOE is relatively inexpensively to manufacture and is reliable over a wide range of temperatures.

Abstract: A method of processing an image charge/current signal representative of trapped ions undergoing oscillatory motion. The method includes: identifying a plurality of fundamental frequencies potentially present in the image charge/current signal based on an analysis of peaks in a frequency spectrum corresponding to the image charge/current signal in the frequency domain, wherein each candidate fundamental frequency falls in a frequency range of interest; deriving a basis signal for each candidate fundamental frequency using a calibration signal; and estimating relative abundances of ions corresponding to the candidate fundamental frequencies by mapping the basis signals to the image charge/current signal. At least one candidate fundamental frequency is calculated using a frequency associated with a peak that falls outside the frequency range of interest and that has been determined as representing a second or higher order harmonic of the candidate fundamental frequency.

Abstract: An optical device comprising an optical hydrogel with select regions that have been irradiated with laser light having a pulse energy from 0.01 nJ to 50 nJ and a wavelength from 600 nm to 900 nm. The irradiated regions are characterized by a positive change in refractive index of from 0.01 to 0.06, and exhibit little or no scattering loss. The optical hydrogel is prepared with a hydrophilic monomer.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method and system for human-machine interaction. The method may include receiving input information. The input information may include scene information and a user input from a user. The method may also include determining an avatar based on the scene information, and determining user intention information based on the user input. The method may include determining output information based on the user intention information. The output information may include interaction information between the avatar and a user. The method may further include presenting the avatar based on the output information.

Abstract: An optical device comprising an optical hydrogel with select regions that have been irradiated with laser light having a pulse energy from 0.01 nJ to 50 nJ and a wavelength from 600 nm to 900 nm. The irradiated regions are characterized by a positive change in refractive index of from 0.01 to 0.06, and exhibit little or no scattering loss. The optical hydrogel is prepared with a hydrophilic monomer.

Abstract: Techniques for tuning the key space of an instance of a tree data structure are provided. In one embodiment, a computer system can receive a request to create the instance, where the request includes an expected key space value indicating an expected range of key values to be addressed by the instance. The computer system can further calculate a number of bits to allocate to each key of each node of the instance based on the expected key space value. The computer system can then, at a time of instantiating each node of the instance, allocate the keys for the node in accordance with the calculated number of bits.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of quantification of one or more ion species, in a sample of ions, using a mass spectrometer, the method including the steps of: obtaining a time domain data set corresponding to a signal induced by motion of the ions in the mass spectrometer; adjusting the data set by applying an asymmetric window function thereto; generating an absorption mode mass spectrum in the frequency domain including the step of applying a Fourier transform to the adjusted data set; determining peak ranges for one or more peaks in the mass spectrum associated with the one or more ion species; integrating, for each determined peak range, the spectral data within the respective peak range to generate a respective peak intensity value; and quantifying each of the one or more ion species on the basis of the respective peak intensity values.

Abstract: By adapting femtosecond micromachining approaches developed in hydrogels, we can perform Intra-tissue Refractive Index Shaping (IRIS) in biological tissues. We reduced femtosecond laser pulse energies below the optical breakdown thresholds to create grating patterns that are associated with a change in the refractive index of the tissue. To increase two-photon absorption, we used a two (or more)-photon-absorbing chromophore.

Abstract: A laser system for changing the index of refraction of cornea tissue in a living eye. The laser system comprises a laser that provides laser pulses with a wavelength from 400 nm to 900 nm and a pulse energy from 0.01 nJ to 10 nJ, and a control device for setting the operating parameters of the laser below an optical breakdown threshold of the tissue to avoid photo-disruption and tissue destruction of the tissue, and to direct the laser pulses at the cornea tissue resulting in a change in the index of refraction of the tissue within regions irradiated by the laser pulses.

Abstract: A method of processing an image charge/current signal representative of trapped ions undergoing oscillatory motion. The method includes: identifying a plurality of fundamental frequencies potentially present in the image charge/current signal based on an analysis of peaks in a frequency spectrum corresponding to the image charge/current signal in the frequency domain, wherein each candidate fundamental frequency falls in a frequency range of interest; deriving a basis signal for each candidate fundamental frequency using a calibration signal; and estimating relative abundances of ions corresponding to the candidate fundamental frequencies by mapping the basis signals to the image charge/current signal. At least one candidate fundamental frequency is calculated using a frequency associated with a peak that falls outside the frequency range of interest and that has been determined as representing a second or higher order harmonic of the candidate fundamental frequency.

Abstract: System and method for managing leaf nodes of a B-tree for a file system of a computer system utilize used slots in a directory section of a leaf node to index variable size key-value pair entries stored in a data section of the leaf node and free spaces slots in the directory section to index contiguous free spaces in the data section. Contents of the free space slots in the directory section are updated in response to changes in the contiguous free spaces in the data section to manage free space in the data section of the leaf node.

Abstract: The invention provides human secreted proteins (SECP) and polynucleotides which identify and encode SECP. The invention also provides expression vectors, host cells, antibodies, agonists, arid antagonists. The invention also provides methods for diagnosing, treating, or preventing disorders associated with aberrant expression of SECP.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of quantification of one or more ion species, in a sample of ions, using a mass spectrometer, the method including the steps of: obtaining a time domain data set corresponding to a signal induced by motion of the ions in the mass spectrometer; adjusting the data set by applying an asymmetric window function thereto; generating an absorption mode mass spectrum in the frequency domain including the step of applying a Fourier transform to the adjusted data set; determining peak ranges for one or more peaks in the mass spectrum associated with the one or more ion species; integrating, for each determined peak range, the spectral data within the respective peak range to generate a respective peak intensity value; and quantifying each of the one or more ion species on the basis of the respective peak intensity values.

Abstract: Disclosed is an emulsion type silicone pressure sensitive adhesive composition and a process for the production thereof. Also provided is an emulsion type silicone pressure sensitive adhesive composition, comprising: (A) 100 parts by weight of a silicone pressure sensitive adhesive; (B) 1-30 parts by weight of an emulsifier selected from the group consisting of a polyvinylalcohol and a polyether modified MQ resin wherein M is R 3SiO 1/2, and Q is SiO 4/2, wherein R represents C 1-20 alkyl; (C) water; and (D) catalyst.

Abstract: Techniques for dynamically allocating keys in an instance of a tree data structure are provided. In one embodiment, a computer system can, at a time of instantiating each non-root node in the instance, determine a key space to be addressed by the non-root node, where the key space is based on a key subinterval in a parent node of the non-root node that is associated with a pointer to the non-root node. The computer system can further calculate a number of bits to allocate to each key of the non-root node in view of the determined key space. The computer system can then allocate the keys of the non-root node in accordance with the calculated number of bits.