Abstract: A computer-implemented method, computer system, and computer program product for blockchain enabled service reservation and delegation. The present invention may include receiving one or more first or second trigger conditions defined by a user, detecting an occurrence of the one or more first trigger conditions, deploying a smart contract based on the received one or more first trigger condition, detecting an occurrence of the one or more second trigger conditions, and deactivating the smart contract based on the received one or more second trigger conditions. The present invention may include receiving a subject registration, the subject is the user, a service, or a device. The one or more first trigger conditions may be a condition that upon its occurrence may initiate the deployment of the smart contract. The one or more second trigger conditions may be a condition that upon its occurrence may initiate the deactivation of the smart contract.

Abstract: A process for determining a content of hydrogen in a fluid medium includes contacting the fluid medium with a sensor. The sensor has a housing enclosing a chamber containing an ionic liquid electrolyte, a window which is permeable to hydrogen and positioned in an opening in the housing, and electrodes in contact with the ionic liquid electrolyte in the chamber. Hydrogen is allowed to pass through the window from the fluid medium into the electrolyte and the sensor is heated. Temperature and pressure of the fluid medium is determined and electrical potential is applied to the electrodes. The method also includes measuring current flow. The sensor can be used to observe hydrogen concentration by voltammetry. The method and sensor may be used for measuring downhole hydrogen content, monitoring fiber-optic cables for damage by hydrogen, corrosion monitoring, and in small-scale process plants where hydrogen is part of a gas stream.

Abstract: A reducing agent monomer for preparing a styrene-acrylic emulsion by an oxidation-reduction reaction at room temperature and a synthesis method thereof are disclosed. Maleic anhydride (MAH) and dimethylethanolamine (DMEA) are used as raw materials to synthesize the reducing agent monomer: 4-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid, and the synthesis method involves inexpensive easily-available raw materials, simple synthesis conditions, and easy purification. With the synthesized reducing agent monomer as a reducing agent, potassium persulfate (KPS) as an oxidizing agent, water as a dispersion medium, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as an emulsifier, and styrene, butyl acrylate (BA), and methylmethacrylate (MMA) as comonomers, free-radical microemulsion polymerization is conducted at room temperature to obtain a styrene-acrylic emulsion.

Abstract: Semiconductor structure and method for forming the semiconductor structure are provided. An exemplary method includes: providing a substrate, including a first region and a second region; forming a gate structure over the substrate; forming a first interlayer dielectric layer over the substrate; forming a plurality of metal plugs in the first interlayer dielectric layer; forming a second interlayer dielectric layer over the first interlayer dielectric layer; forming a first via in the first region exposing a metal plug, and a second via in the second region exposing the first interlayer dielectric layer by etching the second interlayer dielectric layer; fully filling the first via with a first tungsten layer; forming an adhesion layer over the first tungsten layer, the second interlayer dielectric layer, and a sidewall and bottom of the second via; and fully filling the second via with a second tungsten layer.

Abstract: A method of making a stretchable film structure is provided. An elastic substrate is pre-stretched in a first direction and a second direction to obtain a pre-stretched elastic substrate. A carbon nanotube film structure is laid on a surface of the pre-stretched elastic substrate. The carbon nanotube film structure comprises a plurality of super-aligned carbon nanotube films stacked with each other. The pre-stretching the elastic substrate is removed and a plurality of wrinkles is formed on a surface of the carbon nanotube film structure to form the stretchable film structure. The present disclosure also relates to the stretchable film structure obtained by the above method.

Abstract: An device for detecting electron beam comprises a porous carbon material layer, a Faraday cup and an image display. The porous carbon material layer comprises a plurality of carbon material particles and a first through hole. A plurality of micro gaps exist between the plurality of carbon material particles. A cross-sectional area of the first through hole is less than or equal to a cross-sectional area of the electron beam. The Faraday cup is under the porous carbon material layer and comprises an opening. The opening and the first through hole penetrate with each other. The image display is electrically connected to the porous carbon material layer and configured to form an image with different colors according to charge generated in the porous carbon material layer. A method for detecting electron beam using the device for detecting electron beam is also provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a carbon nanotube structure. The carbon nanotube structure includes a carbon nanotube array, a carbon nanotube layer located on the carbon nanotube array, and a carbon nanotube cluster between the carbon nanotube array and the carbon nanotube layer. The carbon nanotube array includes a number of first carbon nanotubes that are parallel with each other. The carbon nanotube layer includes a number of second carbon nanotubes. The carbon nanotube cluster includes a plurality of third carbon nanotubes that are entangled around both the plurality of first carbon nanotubes and the plurality of second carbon nanotubes. The carbon nanotube array is fixed on the carbon nanotube layer by the plurality of third carbon nanotubes so that the entire carbon nanotube structure is free-standing.

Abstract: A device for measuring a secondary electron emission coefficient comprises a scanning electron microscope, a first collecting plate, a second collecting plate, a first galvanometer, a second galvanometer, a voltmeter, and a Faraday cup. The scanning electron microscope comprises an electron emitter and a chamber. A sample is located between the first collecting plate and the second collecting plate. The first galvanometer is used to test a current intensity of electrons escaping from the sample and hitting the first collecting plate and the second collecting plate. A high-energy electron beam emitted by the electron emitter passes through the first collecting plate and the second collecting plate, and enters the Faraday cup. The second galvanometer is used to test a current intensity of electrons entering the Faraday cup.

Abstract: A die bonding apparatus having: a carrier support unit having at least one support element defining a supporting plane and a carrier holder operable to support the carrier panel on a side of the supporting plane with the carrier panel being parallel to the supporting plane, a wafer feed unit having a wafer holder operable to hold a diced wafer in a manner so as to space the diced wafer apart from the supporting plane defined by the at least one support element of the carrier support unit and orient the diced wafer with an exposed surface of the diced wafer facing the side of the supporting plane to which the carrier panel is supported, and a die transfer module disposed between the carrier support unit and the wafer feed unit, the die transfer module operable to transfer a die from the diced wafer to the carrier panel.

Abstract: A method for measuring secondary electron emission coefficient comprising: providing a device including a first collecting plate and a second collecting plate, and measuring an injection current. Short-circuiting the first collecting plate and the second collecting plate; placing a sample and applying a 50 volt positive voltage between the sample and the first collecting plate, ISE is 0; measuring a current I1 between the sample and the first collecting plate, and ignoring IBG1; and according to formula I1=IBG1+Iothers+ISE, obtaining a current of other electrons. Applying a positive voltage between the first collecting plate and the sample; measuring a current I2 between the first collecting plate and the sample, and ignoring IBG2; and obtaining ISE formed by the secondary electrons according to formula I2=IBG2+Iothers+ISE. Obtaining the secondary electron emission coefficient according to formula ? = I SE I injection ? ? current .

Abstract: An improved dustbin moving vehicle includes a rod body. A first positioning member is arranged on the rod body; the rod body is movably connected with a positioning rod; a second positioning member is arranged on the positioning rod; the rod body is movably connected with a pull rod; a supporting rod is arranged on the rod body; and a bottom of the supporting rod is provided with a wheel. The improved dustbin moving vehicle is simple in structure and convenient to use. During use, the pull rod and the positioning rod are unfolded; the first positioning member and the second positioning member on the positioning rod are hooked or clamped on a dustbin to fix the dustbin; and the pull rod is then pushed and pulled, so that the dustbin is convenient to move.

Abstract: A polymer solar cell includes a photoactive layer, a cathode electrode, and an anode electrode. The photoactive layer includes a polymer layer and a carbon nanotube layer. The polymer layer includes a first polymer surface and a second polymer surface opposite to the first polymer surface. A portion of the carbon nanotube layer is embedded in the polymer layer, and another portion of the carbon nanotube layer is exposed from the polymer layer. The cathode electrode is located a surface of the carbon nanotube layer away from the polymer layer. The anode electrode is located on the first polymer surface and spaced apart from the carbon nanotube layer. The entire second polymer surface is exposed.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method for making charged nanoparticles, the method includes: providing a solution with a first solute; atomizing the solution into micro-scaled droplets; providing a charged electrode with at least one through-hole, a negative or positive electric potential is applied to the electrode; allowing the micro-scaled droplets to pass through the at least one through-hole.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The fuel cell includes: a container, wherein the container includes a reacting room, a fuel room connected to the reacting room through a fuel inputting hole, a fuel inputting door located on the fuel inputting hole, a waste collecting room connected to the reacting room through a waste outputting hole, a waste outputting door located on the waste outputting hole; a membrane electrode assembly located in the reacting room, wherein the membrane electrode assembly device defines a bellows and a pipe connected to the bellows and extending out of the reacting room, the reacting room is divided into a first electrode space outside the bellows and a second electrode space inside the bellows, the volume of the first electrode space and the second electrode space can be changed by deforming the bellows.

Abstract: A polymer solar cell includes a photoactive layer, a cathode electrode, and an anode electrode. The photoactive layer includes a polymer layer and a carbon nanotube layer. The polymer layer includes a first polymer surface and a second polymer surface opposite to the first polymer surface. A portion of the carbon nanotube layer is embedded in the polymer layer, and another portion of the carbon nanotube layer is exposed from the polymer layer. The cathode electrode is located a surface of the carbon nanotube layer away from the polymer layer. The anode electrode is located on the first polymer surface and spaced apart from the carbon nanotube layer. The entire second polymer surface is exposed.

Abstract: Temperature-responsive poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) and a preparation method thereof are disclosed. In the preparation method, with a system consisting of benzoyl peroxide (BPO) (an oxidant) and 2-methyl-N-[3-(methyl-phenyl-amino)-propyl]-acrylamide (MPAEMA) or 2-methyl-N-[3-(methyl-phenyl-amino)-propyl]-propionamide (MEMA) (a reducing agent monomer) as a redox initiation system, water and toluene as media, a nonionic surfactant as an emulsifier, and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as a polymerization monomer, polymerization is conducted at room temperature and atmospheric pressure to obtain the PHEMA. An alcohol solution of the PHEMA has an upper critical solution temperature (UCST). The method has the advantages of simple and stable polymerization system, low polymerization cost, easy operation, mild conditions, small impact on the environment, and low energy consumption. Moreover, a molecular weight and UCST of a product are controllable within a specified range.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a production method for a recombinant protein, the production method including a growth reduction step of reducing cell growth of recombinant cells which express a recombinant protein and a production step of producing the recombinant protein by culturing the recombinant cells in a protein production culture medium in a state of reducing the cell growth, in which the cell growth of the recombinant cells is reduced in the growth reduction step by using recombinant cells having at least one modified morphogenetic regulator as the recombinant cells.

Abstract: In an approach to blockchain management of cloud service provisioning failures, one or more computer processors capture one or more application programming interface (API) calls associated with a service provision. One or more computer processors submit the captured one or more API calls to a blockchain ledger. One or more computer processors detect a system failure during the service provision. One or more computer processors extract the submitted one or more API calls from the blockchain ledger. Based on the extracted one or more API calls, one or more computer processors identify a problematic system associated with the system failure.

Abstract: A method for forming a semiconductor device includes forming a gate structure on a substrate, and a doped source/drain region on each side of the gate structure; forming a first interlayer dielectric layer, the top surface of the first interlayer dielectric layer leveled with the top surface of the gate structure; forming a contact hole in the first interlayer dielectric layer on each side of the gate structure; forming a cobalt layer in the contact hole, the top surface of the cobalt layer lower than the top surface of the first interlayer dielectric layer; forming a protective layer to cover the cobalt layer, the top layer of the protective layer lower than the top surface of the first interlayer dielectric layer; and forming a second interlayer dielectric layer, the top surface of the second interlayer dielectric layer leveled with the top surface of the first interlayer dielectric layer.

Abstract: A sensor for monitoring CO2 in a fluid regardless of the phase properties of the fluid, i.e., regardless of whether the fluid contacting the window is a liquid water-based phase, a liquid oil-based phase, a mixture of liquid water and liquid oil-based phases, or a gas phase. The sensor includes an internal reflection window for contacting with the fluid. A mid-infrared light source directs a beam of mid-infrared radiation into the window and the beam is internal reflected at an interface between the window and the fluid. The reflected beam is passed through three narrow bandpass filters which preferentially transmit mid-infrared radiation over bands of wavelengths corresponding to absorbance peaks of water, oil and CO2. The amount of CO2 is determined from the intensities of the mid-infrared radiation passing through the three filters.