Abstract: A control-based method for processing media stream queues includes: a multimedia control entity processes the talk burst request queues corresponding to different media types when the conditions of triggering processing of different talk bursts are satisfied; and the multimedia control entity sends the assigned talk burst to the corresponding multimedia session terminal. The present invention also provides a corresponding apparatus. By processing the media stream queues, the present invention ensures talk bursts of multiple correlated media types to be assigned in a session.

Abstract: A media session data transmission control method, a control relation negotiation method and a control device and a system thereof. The data transmission control method includes: the server obtains the media transmission right request of the sender (S601); the server distributes the first media transmission right for the sender based on the first media control strategy (S602); the control relation negotiation method includes: the server receives the media negotiation request from the caller, the media information to be negotiated is carried in the media negotiation request; the server establishes the corresponding media control relation for the caller based on the second media control strategy. Through the application of the media control strategy, the invention optimizes the existing media control process, provides more reasonable and efficient media control, the invention can be applied to multimedia and multiple party communication, and multimedia cluster communication widely.

Abstract: A selective polish for fabricating electronic devices is disclosed. The selective polish may include the use of a slurry that facilitates the selective polish of a first component but does not substantially polish a second component.

Abstract: A selective polish for fabricating electronic devices is disclosed. The selective polish may include the use of a slurry that facilitates the selective polish of a first component but does not substantially polish a second component.

Abstract: Diverse semiconductor structures are fabricated on a single substrate or wafer by using a non-selective area growth technique involving deposition of material over the entire substrate. The fabricated structures are obtained by selective removal of portions of the deposited material layers. Single level and multi-level structures are possible.

Abstract: An interband self-mode-locked (SML) semiconductor laser utilizes an active waveguide structure that includes an active waveguide section and one or more passive waveguide sections that together enhances self-mode-locking. The SML laser operation is based on enhanced Kerr lens mode-locking by vertically optically combining the active section with one or more passive waveguide sections.

Abstract: An interband self-mode-locked (SML) semiconductor laser utilizes an active waveguide structure that includes an active waveguide section and one or more passive waveguide sections that together enhances self-mode-locking. The SML laser operation is based on enhanced Kerr lens mode-locking by vertically optically combining the active section with one or more passive waveguide sections.

Abstract: An optoelectronic integrated circuit (OEIC) having an optical core coupled to first and second interface circuits. The first interface circuit is adapted to convert an electrical input signal into an optical signal; the optical core is adapted to process the optical signal in the optical domain; and the second interface circuit is adapted to convert the processed optical signal into an electrical output signal. In one embodiment, an OEIC of the invention is fabricated using a single wafer, has only electrical inputs/outputs, does not have any external optical interfaces, and is not adapted to receive any external optical signals. Advantageously, due to the signal processing being in the optical domain, a circuit of the invention carries out its functionality, with little or no performance degradation, over a relatively wide frequency range. In addition, this circuit has a relatively small size and can be relatively inexpensive.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for providing customized service for users, including: a SIP AS receives service customization request sent by a user via a SIP client; the SIP AS extracts service customization information from the request and provides the service corresponding to the service customization information for the SIP client. By the present invention, the user can perform customized configuration at the SIP client without the aid of WEB AS, so as to facilitate utilizations of users, and realize generation and uploading of completely customized service customization script. Additionally, the present invention can put service customization into effect immediately instead of going into effect until the service is used again. The method of the present invention just needs to add a special SIP service in SIP AS, thereby making full use of the resources and characteristics of SIP AS, facilitating the utilization and improving the effectiveness.

Abstract: The specification describes an optical pulse generator in a return-to-zero format in which a phase-modulated (PM) optical signal is converted to intensity-modulated (IM) optical pulses using chromatic dispersion. Compared with Mach-Zehnder-modulator-based pulse generators, this scheme is potentially more efficient (lower insertion loss). The pulse generator of the invention is suitable for very high data rates, e.g. 40 Gb/s. The structure of the pulse generator is a phase-modulated pulse source combined with a dispersive element having the required dispersion.

Abstract: A selective polish for fabricating electronic devices is disclosed. The selective polish may include the use of a slurry that facilitates the selective polish of a first component but does not substantially polish a second component.

Abstract: An optoelectronic integrated circuit (OEIC) having an optical core coupled to first and second interface circuits. The first interface circuit is adapted to convert an electrical input signal into an optical signal; the optical core is adapted to process the optical signal in the optical domain; and the second interface circuit is adapted to convert the processed optical signal into an electrical output signal. In one embodiment, an OEIC of the invention is fabricated using a single wafer, has only electrical inputs/outputs, does not have any external optical interfaces, and is not adapted to receive any external optical signals. Advantageously, due to the signal processing being in the optical domain, a circuit of the invention carries out its functionality, with little or no performance degradation, over a relatively wide frequency range. In addition, this circuit has a relatively small size and can be relatively inexpensive.

Abstract: A high power multi-frequency laser includes a laser cavity defined by reflective elements, a frequency routing device in the cavity comprising a plurality of frequency selective pathways, a first set of optical amplifiers optically coupled to a first end of the frequency routing device, and a second set of optical amplifiers optically coupling a second end of the frequency routing device and a first one of the reflective elements. The high power multi-frequency laser further includes a power combiner. The power combiner is optically coupled to the first set of optical amplifiers and a second one of the reflective elements and combines the outputs of the first set of optical amplifiers such that a common output for the multi-frequency laser is provided. The common output of the present invention provides a single output from the multi-frequency laser having a high output coupling efficiency.

Abstract: A cleaning solution, method, and apparatus for cleaning semiconductor substrates after chemical mechanical polishing of copper films is described. The present invention includes a cleaning solution which combines deionized water, an organic compound, and a fluoride compound in an acidic pH environment for cleaning the surface of a semiconductor substrate after polishing a copper layer. Such methods of cleaning semiconductor substrates after copper CMP alleviate the problems associated with brush loading and surface and subsurface contamination.

Abstract: A high power multi-frequency laser includes a laser cavity defined by reflective elements, a frequency routing device in the cavity comprising a plurality of frequency selective pathways, a first set of optical amplifiers optically coupled to a first end of the frequency routing device, and a second set of optical amplifiers optically coupling a second end of the frequency routing device and a first one of the reflective elements. The high power multi-frequency laser further includes a power combiner. The power combiner is optically coupled to the first set of optical amplifiers and a second one of the reflective elements and combines the outputs of the first set of optical amplifiers such that a common output for the multi-frequency laser is provided. The common output of the present invention provides a single output from the multi-frequency laser having a high output coupling efficiency.

Abstract: A process evaluates an aging property of a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) laser. The process includes illuminating a Bragg grating of the distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) laser with light while the DBR laser is both supplied a tuning current and not lasing. The process also includes performing an action to the DBR laser responsive to a wavelength of a Bragg peak in a portion of the light reflected by the Bragg grating and a value of the tuning current supplied during the illuminating.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, a train of RZ or CSRZ pulses is produced by passing phase modulated laser light through a delay interferometer. The parameters of the phase modulation and the delay interferometer are calculated from the desired pulse train characteristics (e.g. repetition rate, RZ or CSRZ, duty cycle). A directly modulated CW laser, or a CW laser followed by a phase modulator, produces the constant amplitude, phase modulated light. The phase modulated signal is split into two paths. One signal path is delayed with respect to the other by the calculated delay. The signals are recombined in an optical coupler to produce an RZ pulse train and/or a CSRZ pulse train.

Abstract: A cleaning solution, method, and apparatus for cleaning semiconductor substrates after chemical mechanical polishing of copper films is described. The present invention includes a cleaning solution which combines deionized water, an organic compound, and a fluoride compound in an acidic pH environment for cleaning the surface of a semiconductor substrate after polishing a copper layer. Such methods of cleaning semiconductor substrates after copper CMP alleviate the problems associated with brush loading and surface and subsurface contamination.

Abstract: The specification describes an optical pulse generator in a return-to-zero format in which a phase-modulated (PM) optical signal is converted to intensity-modulated (IM) optical pulses using chromatic dispersion. Compared with Mach-Zehnder-modulator-based pulse generators, this scheme is potentially more efficient (lower insertion loss). The pulse generator of the invention is suitable for very high data rates, e.g. 40 Gb/s. The structure of the pulse generator is a phase-modulated pulse source combined with a dispersive element having the required dispersion.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, a train of RZ or CSRZ pulses is produced by passing phase modulated laser light through a delay interferometer. The parameters of the phase modulation and the delay interferometer are calculated from the desired pulse train characteristics (e.g. repetition rate, RZ or CSRZ, duty cycle). A directly modulated CW laser, or a CW laser followed by a phase modulator, produces the constant amplitude, phase modulated light. The phase modulated signal is split into two paths. One signal path is delayed with respect to the other by the calculated delay. The signals are recombined in an optical coupler to produce an RZ pulse train and/or a CSRZ pulse train.