Abstract: A first multilink device (MLD) is configured to communicate with a second MLD using at least two communication links. The first MLD selects a first link of the at least two communication links for communications between the first MLD and the second MLD, detects that the first link is unavailable for communications, switches a radio of the first MLD to a second link of the at least two communication links, transmits an alert to the second MLD regarding the switching from the first one of the at least two communication links to the second one of the at least two communication links and communicates with the second MLD via the second link.

Abstract: A multilink access point may communicate with a legacy device. The multilink access point identifies an attempt, by at least one legacy station, to connect to the access point, determines that the at least one legacy station does not support multilink communications, broadcasts a beacon identifying information for a basic communication link that can be used by the at least one legacy station and associates with the at least one legacy station based at least on information included in the beacon, wherein the at least one legacy station communicates exclusively on the basic communication link with the access point.

Abstract: An electronic device (such as an access point) is described. This electronic device transmits an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) frame to a recipient electronic device (such as a client or a station). The OFDMA frame includes multiple predefined resource units (RUs) allocated to the recipient electronic device in a set of predefined RUs having associated frequency bandwidths. Moreover, the multiple predefined RUs include two or more first predefined RUs having a first number of tones less than a predefined amount, or two or more second predefined RUs having a second number of tones greater than or equal to the predefined amount. For example, the predefined amount may include 242 tones. Note that the multiple predefined RUs may have the same or different numbers of tones. Moreover, the electronic may receive an acknowledgment or a block acknowledgment from the recipient electronic device.

Abstract: An electronic device (such as an access point) that receives one or more block acknowledgments is described. This electronic device may transmit an extremely high-throughput (EHT) physical layer convergence protocol (PLCP) protocol data unit (PPDU) to a recipient electronic device, where the EHT PPDU is transmitted in multiple non-contiguous sub-bands that are separated by a punctured sub-band. Moreover, the electronic may receive the one or more block acknowledgments from the recipient electronic device, where the one or more block acknowledgments exclude the punctured sub-band. Note that the EHT PPDU may exclude transmitted energy in the punctured sub-band. Moreover, the punctured sub-band may have a bandwidth of at least 20 MHz and may be different from a primary sub-band.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for multiplexing clients of different generations in trigger-based transmissions, including trigger-based transmissions in extremely-high throughput (EHT) Wi-Fi systems. An access point (AP) may generate a trigger frame compatible with two types of stations (STAs), such as EHT STAs and legacy (or high efficiency (HE)) STAs. The AP may transmit the trigger frame to a group of STAs, where legacy STAs may process the trigger frame a legacy trigger frame. EHT STAs may process the trigger frame to determine resource unit (RU) allocations for uplink transmissions in a bandwidth greater than a legacy bandwidth. An EHT STA may determine the resources in the larger bandwidth based on an EHT RU allocation table, a legacy RU allocation table and an additional bit in the trigger frame, or an ordering of RU allocations in the trigger frame.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A wireless device may determine that a channel is reciprocal and perform an implicit sounding process. During the implicit sounding process, the wireless device may estimate the uplink channel by measuring a first uplink multi-user multiple input multiple output (MU-MIMO) transmission. The wireless devices may then update the uplink channel estimation based by measuring a second MU-MIMO transmission that is received after a downlink transmission from the wireless device. Based on the updated uplink channel estimation, the wireless device may send a beamformed MU-MIMO transmission to a number of other wireless devices.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, apparatus and wireless nodes as well as computer programs encoded on computer-readable mediums for providing synchronized start times of backoff windows in a given or particular physical area. In some implementations, a schedule of synchronized start times may be determined and an indication that the first schedule is active may be signaled. In some other implementations, signaling indicating a first schedule of synchronized start times is active may be detected and channel access may be performed according to the first schedule.

Abstract: One innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure may be implemented in a method for wireless communication. The method may be performed, for example, by a first multi-link device (MLD), that includes a first station (STA) and a second STA, to generate and provide block acknowledgment (BA) status reports for Medium Access Control (MAC) Protocol Data Units (MPDUs) transmitted by the first STA of the first MLD and the second STA of the first MLD. Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosure may be implemented in a method for wireless communication. The method may be performed, for example, by a logical entity of a first MLD to receive and process a BA status report.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer-readable media, for per-station punctured transmissions. A wireless local area network (WLAN) device may determine available resource units (RUs) within a wireless channel that has a punctured frequency range. The WLAN device may allocate a plurality of RUs, from among the available RUs, for to include data for a same station. For example, a physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) may include more than one RU for a first station. The RUs that are allocated to the first station may exclude the punctured frequency range. In some implementations, the plurality of RUs may be separated by at least the punctured frequency range. A signaling header in the PPDU may indicate which RUs are allocated to the first station. By allocating a plurality of RUs in a PPDU, a WLAN may support per-station puncturing within the PPDU.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer-readable media, for wireless communication with partial channel puncturing. Using partial channel puncturing, a wireless local area network (WLAN) device may modulate data on a first portion of a wireless channel while refraining from modulating data on a second portion of the wireless channel. The partial channel puncturing can be used with an exclusion bandwidth zone defined for the WLAN. The exclusion bandwidth zone prevents transmissions on portions of channels so that the WLAN transmissions do not interfere with an incumbent system transmission in the exclusion bandwidth zone.

Abstract: This disclosure provides methods, devices, and systems for wireless communications. In some systems, an access point (AP) may assign a resource unit (RU) including a non-contiguous set of tones of a channel to a wireless node, such as a station (STA). The non-contiguous set of tones includes at least some tones that are non-contiguous in the frequency domain with all other tones of the set. The AP may generate an indicator for this RU and may transmit the indicator to the wireless node. The wireless node may receive the indicator, determine the non-contiguous set of tones for the indicated RU, and transmit data over the non-contiguous set of tones for the RU. The AP may receive the data via the RU (over the non-contiguous set of tones).

Abstract: In some aspects, methods and apparatus for wireless communications are configured to generate a packet for wireless communication where the packet includes a mark symbol in a preamble of the packet where the mark symbol includes a signature or stamp field in the mark to provide protocol information that indicates the protocol of the packet, such as an 802.11 EHT packet. In some other aspects, a cyclic redundancy check field in the mark symbol may be manipulated in various ways to indicate the protocol of the packet in lieu of providing the signature or stamp field.

Abstract: Various aspects of the techniques, methods and devices described in this disclosure relate generally to achieving coexistence between WLAN and P2P networks, and specifically, to coordinated D2D communications. Some aspects particularly involve extending the capabilities of TWT elements transmitted by APs to support periodic reserved access windows during which D2D-enabled wireless devices are permitted to transmit direct wireless communications. Some other aspects relate to sharing time and frequency resources via CAP TDMA or CAP OFDMA techniques, and specifically, to allocating at least some of the time and frequency resources specifically for D2D communications.

Abstract: This disclosure provides methods, devices and systems for wireless communication, and particularly, methods, devices and systems for multi-link operation. A first wireless local area network (WLAN) device (such as an AP) may establish a multi-link association between the first WLAN device and a second WLAN device. The multi-link association may coordinated by an upper media access control (U-MAC) layer of the first WLAN device that is capable of transmitting data to the second WLAN device via a first wireless communication link using a first WLAN interface and a second wireless communication link using a second WLAN interface. This disclosure provides several alternatives for handling packet numbering and fragmentation at the U-MAC layer or at each of the first WLAN interface and the second WLAN interface.

Abstract: This disclosure provides methods, devices and systems for wireless communication, and particularly, methods, devices and systems for multi-link operation. In some aspects, a first WLAN device (such as a non-AP STA) may establish with a second WLAN device (such as an AP) a multi-link association by which the first WLAN device can simultaneously transmit information to the second WLAN device via a first wireless communication link and a second wireless communication link. The first WLAN device may coordinate contention for the first wireless communication link by a first WLAN interface of the first WLAN device to be concurrent with contention for the second wireless communication link by a second WLAN interface of the first WLAN device.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for group formation and sounding for distributed multi-user multiple input multiple output (MU-MIMO). Some implementations include a method of wireless communication. The method includes a sounding preparation phase that includes transmitting, to the plurality of access points, a first frame inviting the plurality of access points to perform a beamformed distributed transmission from the plurality of access points to a group of stations; receiving a second frame from at least one of the plurality of access points based on transmitting the first frame, the second frame including at least one identifier of at least one station in a different basic service set than a basic service set of the first access point; and identifying the group of stations based on the at least one identifier included in the second frame.

Abstract: This disclosure provides methods, devices and systems for sharing resources of a wireless medium. Various implementations relate generally to coordinated transmit power control for sharing time and frequency resources of a wireless medium. Particular implementations relate more specifically to coordinated access point spatial-reuse-multiple-access techniques for sharing the time and frequency resources of a transmission opportunity. According to such techniques, an access point that wins contention and gains access to the wireless medium for the duration of a transmission opportunity may limit the transmit powers of the access points selected to share the time and frequency resources such that interference from the selected access points does not prevent stations associated with the winning access point from successfully decoding packets transmitted by it.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatuses, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for managing high volumes of space-time-streams in Wi-Fi systems. An access point (AP) may transmit packets including long training field (LTF) sections using a number of space-time-streams greater than eight. Mobile stations (STAs) in the system may or may not be capable of processing this number of streams. The AP may modulate an LTF section using a matrix with dimensions smaller than the number of streams by using tone-interleaving or by performing modulation with separate matrices in time and frequency. In some other implementations, the AP may split the antennas for transmission into groups, each group transmitting either different packets in a subset of streams or a same packet in a subset of tones. In further implementations, the AP may combine multiple space-time-streams into a super stream that supports reception at different types of STAs.

Abstract: This disclosure provides methods, devices and systems for sharing time resources of a wireless medium. Particular implementations relate more specifically to coordinated AP (CAP) time-division-multiple-access (TDMA) techniques for sharing the time resources of a transmission opportunity (TXOP). According to such techniques, a coordinated AP that wins contention and gains access to the wireless medium for the duration of a TXOP may share its time resources with other coordinated APs. To share its time resources, the winning AP may partition the TXOP into multiple TXOP segments each including respective time resources representing a sub-duration of the TXOP. For example, the winning AP may assign, grant or allocate (hereinafter used interchangeably) itself one or more of the time resources and also allocate each of one or more remaining time resources to one or more other ones of the coordinated APs.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for identifying frames or packets of data that were received in error (such as incorrectly decoded or not received at all) by a receiving device for purposes of retransmission. In one aspect, a wireless device may form a number of frames for wireless transmission. Each of the frames may include a frame header and may be associated with a unique sequence number. In some implementations, for each of the frames, the wireless device may embed at least a portion of the unique sequence number into a portion of a control field or a delimiter field of the frame header. In some other implementations, for each of the frames, the wireless device may signal at least a portion of the unique sequence number using bit locations unassociated with a sequence number field of the frame header.