Abstract: In the driving of a liquid crystal display panel with pixels in a matrix comprising n rows and m columns, when a partial display instruction is issued, respective rows in a display area (202) of s rows and m columns within the matrix are sequentially selected for one frame. Then, predetermined partial display data is written into the selected rows. Predetermined background data such as white display data is written into the background area (204) other than the partial display area (202). In the background area 204, either k rows and m columns or pixels of (the leading row ((s+1)-th row) of the background area, next to the final row in the partial display area) are selected during one frame for writing of the background display data, k rows and m columns are sequentially shifted each frame.

Abstract: A power supply circuit (300) for a display device such as a liquid crystal outputs a boosted supply voltage VDD2 during normal operation, and generates a non-boosted supply voltage VDD2 having a voltage lower than that during the normal display operation by controlling the switches for switching the output within the power supply circuit (300) during a power save mode. The non-boosted supply voltage is supplied to the analog circuits of a driving circuit (100) so that the power consumption at the analog circuits is reduced. By controlling the switch for switching the output within the power supply circuit and the supply of the power supply clock, the circuit can be switched, in the power save mode, to either a mode where a lower supply voltage is generated or to a mode where the power supply is turned off.

Abstract: A driving circuit of a display device such as a liquid crystal generates power supply clocks (1 and 2) based on a system clock during the normal display operation which is not a power save mode. The generated power supply clocks are supplied, directly or after inversion, to the switches (SW1 through SW4 (and SW5 through SW8)) in a charge pump type power supply circuit (300) for switching the connection of capacitors (C1 and C2 (and C11 and C12)) in the power supply circuit (300). In this manner, supply voltages VDD2 and VDD3 which function as the driving power supply for a driving circuit (100) and a display panel (200) can be obtained at the power supply circuit (300) by boosting the input voltage Vin.

Abstract: In the &ggr; correction circuit, a crossover point arithmetic processing unit performs arithmetic processing for each region on crossover points y in the output data direction of a &ggr; correction crossover line based on a plurality of slope data A respectively specified for each of a plurality of regions and crossover point positions X in the input data direction set in advance.

Abstract: A client-server system is provided in which access to a service by a user can properly be controlled, even if an approval by another user is required for receiving the service. First, the server 2 executes a log-in processing by using a user identifier and password transmitted from the client terminal 2, and a user control file 202. Next, the server 2 executes a service control by using a service supply request transmitted from the client terminal 1 and a service control file 42 provided with the server. When the server determines that an approval by another user is required for providing the service, the server executes the approval request to the client terminal 1 that the concerned user uses. When the reply to the approval request is affirmative, the server executes the processing in accordance with the foregoing service supply request. When the reply is negative, the server informs to the user who made the foregoing service supply request that the approval is rejected.

Abstract: There is proposed is a method of controlling a flat panel display apparatus for multi-gradation display in which a data determination portion and a subfield control portion are provided. Based on a most significant bit or an upper bit of original image data, it is determined in which one of two or more divided gradation groups the original image data is included, to select a combination of subfields in accordance with a gradation-brightness characteristic of the belonging gradation group. Using a complementary relationship with human visibility, a difference in brightness between the gradations in a low-order brightness region is reduced, and a difference in brightness between the gradations in a high-order brightness region is enlarged. Therefore, a density of brightness is uniformly recognized visually over all the brightness regions, and a good quality of display can be obtained.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus detects, in step 1, whether or not differences between currently supplied image data and image data of a previous pixel are more than a predetermined value m, and identifies a border of a computer-created image or a natural image, where a brightness level differs from the remaining area of the image, when the differences are more than the predetermined value m. Conversely, when the differences are less than the predetermined value m, the image processing apparatus checks, in step 2, whether image data at a pixel before and a pixel two before the current pixel are identical with respect to the color components constituting the color image. When the differences are not all zero, it is checked whether or not the image data at a pixel before the current pixel and the image data at the current pixel are all zero. When the image data are not identical, the color image is identified as being a natural image.

Abstract: A contact hole reaching a surface of a silicon substrate and a contact hole penetrating a resistor are formed on an interlayer insulation film by simultaneous etching. Then, a laminated film having a lower Ti layer and an upper TiN layer is formed as a substrate layer (barrier layer) of a wiring on the interlayer insulation film to bury the contact hole. Then, an annealing treatment is carried out at a temperature of 620.degree. C. Consequently, the laminated film buried in the contact hole penetrating the resistor and the resistor are caused to electrically come in contact with each other on a side face of the wiring (side contact).

Abstract: There is provided an image information process apparatus to be applied to a display for displaying bit image display data for each pixel, for enabling the display to display continuous tones in an error diffusion manner based on P bit image data, P being larger than L. This apparatus includes a plurality of adding circuits to which a plurality of P bit image data are concurrently supplied. A predetermined lower bit of an added result at respective adding circuits is used as error data supplied to the next adjacent adding circuit. An error data holding circuit holds a predetermined lower bit of an output from an adding circuit corresponding to the last column pixel in image data supplied. It then supplies the lower bit held to an adding circuit corresponding to the top front column pixel of the image data supplied.

Abstract: A printing system having a plurality of printers and computers connected to each other through a communication network is disclosed. A first computer is connected with a second computer through the network. A first computer generates a printing job and a print request signal for executing the printing job according to a print request designated by the user to a first printer. A first computer also generates a continued print request signal containing information unique to the user according to a continued print request from the user requesting the execution of the printing job to a second printer. The printing job and each signal are transmitted to the communication network from the communication unit of the first computer. A second computer receives the printing job and each signal through the communication network. The second computer further causes the first printer to execute the printing job designated by the user in accordance with the print request signal.

Abstract: A remote print system in which a plurality of computers connected to a network are each allowed to finely control a printer (NPR) connected to the network and a computer used in the remote print system. A NPR control library serves as an interface to the NPR, a message is transferred to a NPR controlling daemon under the direction of an interprocess-communication mechanism (IPC), and the NPR controlling daemon performs a requested control operation of the NPR in accordance with the message by utilizing protocol for NPR control.

Abstract: In a printing system including a plurality of terminal equipment, a plurality of printers which can be shared by the terminal equipment, one or more printer/spooler control servers each for receiving a print from the terminal equipment and for controlling the print by the printer, and a distributed printing management server, for various errors which occur in the printers, the contents of the errors are informed to the user and an error recovery process according to the error is realized. Thus, a use efficiency, performance, reliability, and serviceability as a printing system are improved.

Abstract: A motorcycle of the type having a luggage box in the form of oppositely spaced side cases is organized to reduce the size and weight of the component parts of the vehicle by, according to one aspect of the invention, locating the pivot shaft for the luggage box cover, which attaches the vehicle rear seat, at the front end of the luggage box to reduce the stiffness of the frame parts required to support the cover. Also, the side walls of the side cases are adjustably secured to the vehicle and so configured as to permit selective enlargement of the cases without an attendant increase in aerodynamic drag. The vehicle, further, employs particularly formed side bumpers that are arranged to prevent damage to the laterally extensive side cases of the luggage box in the event of contact between the vehicle and the road surface that would otherwise damage the cowling.