Abstract: Certain phosphonic acid salts heated at temperatures over 200° C. generate thermally stable, highly efficient flame retardant materials well suited for use as flame retardant additives in polymers. Various methods for preparing flame retardant materials from more than one phosphonic acid salts are provided, wherein each method can generate different flame retardant materials from the same mixture of starting phosphonic acids. The flame retardants of the invention can be used as the sole flame retardant in a composition or in combination with other flame retardants, synergists or adjuvants.

Abstract: Certain phosphonic acid salts heated at temperatures over 200° C. generate thermally stable, highly efficient flame retardant materials well suited for use as flame retardant additives in polymers. The flame retardants of the invention can be used as the sole flame retardant in a composition or in combination with other flame retardants, synergists or adjuvants.

Abstract: A flame-retardant resin composition comprises a base resin (A), such as a polyamide resin, and an aromatic organophosphorus oligomer or polymer.

Abstract: A flame-retardant resin composition comprises a base resin (A), such as a polyester, polyamide or polycarbonate resin, and an organophosphorus compound (B) having at least one of the following formulas (I), (II) and (III): where A is selected from O, S, SO2, a single bond, alkyl, and —CH2—P1; P1 is a phosphorus-containing group of the formula: R1 and R2 are the same or different and each is selected from H, O-alkyl, O-aryl, alkyl, aryl, and OM; R3 is H or alkyl; M=Na, K, Zn, Al, Ca; a is an integer from 0 to 4, provided that a is at least 1 unit for each polymer chain; n is an integer from 1 to 100,000 and m is an integer from 0 to 100,000.

Abstract: A hydroxyphenyl or alkoxyphenyl phosphine oxide composition comprising (i) a first mixture of mono-(hydroxyphenyl) or (alkoxyphenyl) phosphine oxide isomers, (ii) a second mixture of bis-(hydroxyaryl) or (alkoxyphenyl) phosphine oxide isomers, (iii) a third mixture of tris-(hydroxyaryl) or (alkoxyphenyl) phosphine oxide isomers, and optionally iv) a minority amount of non-hydroxy or non-alkoxy tris-phenyl phosphine oxides is provided. Also provided are epoxy resins compositions with excellent flame retardancy and physical properties, which resins comprise the phosphine oxide composition.

Abstract: A hydroxyphenyl or alkoxyphenyl phosphine oxide composition comprising (i) a first mixture of mono-(hydroxyphenyl) or (alkoxyphenyl) phosphine oxide isomers, (ii) a second mixture of bis-(hydroxyaryl) or (alkoxyphenyl) phosphine oxide isomers, (iii) a third mixture of tris-(hydroxyaryl) or (alkoxyphenyl) phosphine oxide isomers, and optionally iv) a minority amount of non-hydroxy or non-alkoxy tris-phenyl phosphine oxides is provided. Also provided are epoxy resins compositions with excellent flame retardancy and physical properties, which resins comprise the phosphine oxide composition.

Abstract: A hydroxyphenyl or alkoxyphenyl phosphine oxide composition comprising (i) a first mixture of mono-(hydroxyphenyl) or (alkoxyphenyl)phosphine oxide isomers, (ii) a second mixture of bis-(hydroxyaryl) or (alkoxyphenyl)phosphine oxide isomers, (iii) a third mixture of tris-(hydroxyaryl) or (alkoxyphenyl)phosphine oxide isomers, and optionally iv) a minority amount of non-hydroxy or non-alkoxy tris-phenyl phosphine oxides is provided. Also provided are epoxy resins compositions with excellent flame retardancy and physical properties, which resins comprise the phosphine oxide composition.

Abstract: An arylalkenyl ether oligomer is produced by the reaction of a polyhaloalkene with a polyhydroxyaryl compound. Halogenation of the resultant oligomer produces a flame retardant having both aromatic and aliphatic bromine groups.

Abstract: The present invention is related to the use of specific cyclic and/or polymeric aryl-phosphines as flame retardants and to a method for reducing the flammability of organic material by incorporating into the material these specific cyclic and/or polymeric phosphines. Moreover, the invention is related to a polymeric composition containing a polymeric material and at least one of the specific cyclic and/or polymeric phosphines in an amount of from 1 to 15% by weight, based on the weight of the polymeric material. The invention also relates to a composition comprising at least one of the specific cyclic and/or polymeric phosphines and at least one polymerizable monomer.

Abstract: A flame-retardant resin composition comprises a base resin (A), such as a polyester or polycarbonate resin, and an aromatic organophosphorus compound, in particular, aromatic organophosphorus oligomers or polymers.

Abstract: A hydroxyphenyl or alkoxyphenyl phosphine oxide composition comprising (i) a first mixture of mono-(hydroxyphenyl) or (alkoxyphenyl) phosphine oxide isomers, (ii) a second mixture of bis-(hydroxyphenyl) or (alkoxyphenyl) phosphine oxide isomers, (iii) a third mixture of tris-(hydroxyphenyl) or (alkoxyphenyl) phosphine oxide isomers, and optionally iv) a minority amount of non-hydroxy or non-alkoxy tris-phenyl phosphine oxides is provided. Also provided are epoxy resins compositions with excellent flame retardancy and physical properties, which resins comprise the phosphine oxide composition.

Abstract: Certain aluminum salts of organic phosphorus acids are found to have a strong effect on inhibiting the epoxy cure rate in epoxy formulations. The substances act catalytically and can be used at a low level in an epoxy formulation to adjust the reactivity of a resin formulation to give longer gel times. Compositions and methods of preparing and using the compositions are disclosed.

Abstract: A flame-retardant resin composition comprises a base resin (A), such as a polyester or polycarbonate resin, and an aromatic organophosphorus compound, in particular, aromatic organophosphorus oligomers or polymers.

Abstract: The invention is a flame retardant for styrene foams. The flame retardant contains both aromatic bromine and an olefin. The olefin is an internal olefin. Desirable flame retardants are selected from: formula I: wherein R1 is C1-C6 and optionally containing a heteroatom or olefin; R2 is C1-C6 and optionally containing a heteroatom or olefin; and R3-R12 is H, C1-C6 (optionally containing a heteroatom), or halogen; and further wherein the compound of formula I is present in a concentration of at least 50 percent of a trans isomer; formula II: wherein R1 is Halogen, C1-C6 and optionally containing a heteroatom or olefin; R2 is Halogen, C1-C6 and optionally containing a heteroatom or olefin; and R3-R7 is H, C1-C6 (optionally containing a heteroatom), or halogen; and formula III: wherein R1 is Halogen, C1-C6 and optionally containing a heteroatom or olefin; R2 is Halogen, H, C1-C6 and optionally containing a heteroatom or olefin; and R3-R6 is H, halogen.

Abstract: The present invention is related to the use of specific cyclic and/or polymeric aryl-phosphines as flame retardants and to a method for reducing the flammability of organic material by incorporating into the material these specific cyclic and/or polymeric phosphines. Moreover, the invention is related to a polymeric composition containing a polymeric material and at least one of the specific cyclic and/or polymeric phosphines in an amount of from 1 to 15% by weight, based on the weight of the polymeric material. The invention also relates to a composition comprising at least one of the specific cyclic and/or polymeric phosphines and at least one polymerizable monomer.

Abstract: A mixture of tris(hydroxyphenyl) or tris(alkoxyphenyl) phosphine oxide isomers is provided each having the formula (I): wherein R is hydrogen or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R1 is an alkyl group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, x is an integer between 0 and 4, and each OR group is in the ortho or para position with respect to the bond between the P atom and the associated phenyl group such that the ratio of the number of OR groups in the ortho-position with respect to the bond between the P atom and the associated phenyl group to the number of OR groups in the para-position with respect to the bond between the P atom and the associated phenyl group is between about 50:50 and about 0.1:99.9.

Abstract: A hydroxyphenyl or alkoxyphenyl phosphine oxide composition comprises (i) a first mixture of mono-(hydroxyphenyl) or (alkoxyphenyl) phosphine oxide isomers each having the formula (I): (ii) a second mixture of bis-(hydroxyaryl) or (alkoxyphenyl) phosphine oxide isomers each having the formula (II): and (iii) a third mixture of tris-(hydroxyaryl) or (alkoxyphenyl) phosphine oxide isomers each having the formula (III): wherein R is hydrogen or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R1 and R2 are the same or different and each is an alkyl group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and each of x and y is an integer between 0 and 4.

Abstract: A hydroxyphenyl or alkoxyphenyl phosphine oxide composition comprising (i) a first mixture of mono-(hydroxyphenyl) or (alkoxyphenyl) phosphine oxide isomers, (ii) a second mixture of bis-(hydroxyphenyl) or (alkoxyphenyl) phosphine oxide isomers, (iii) a third mixture of tris-(hydroxyphenyl) or (alkoxyphenyl) phosphine oxide isomers, and optionally iv) a minority amount of non-hydroxy or non-alkoxy tris-phenyl phosphine oxides is provided.

Abstract: A flame-retardant resin composition comprises a base resin (A), such as a polyester, polyamide or polycarbonate resin, and an organophosphorus compound (B) having at least one of the following formulas (I), (II) and (III): where A is selected from O, S, SO2, a single bond, alkyl, and —CH2—P1; P1 is a phosphorus-containing group of the formula: R1 and R2 are the same or different and each is selected from H, O-alkyl, O-aryl, alkyl, aryl, and OM; R3 is H or alkyl; M=Na, K, Zn, Al, Ca; a is an integer from 0 to 4, provided that a is at least 1 unit for each polymer chain; n is an integer from 1 to 100,000 and m is an integer from 0 to 100,000.

Abstract: A process for preparing a polybromoaryl ether, comprising adding to a solvent for the polybromoaryl ether a mixture of (1) at least one compound of the structure HO—Ar—X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, wherein Ar is an aryl group and X1, X2, X3, X4, and X5 are independently selected from hydrogen and bromine, provided that at least one of X1, X2, X3, X4, and X5 is bromine, (2) at least one alkali or alkaline metal hydroxide, and (3) at least one polymerization initiator, wherein the solvent for the polybromoaryl ether is a non-solvent for alkali metal bromides.