Abstract: A display medium driver includes a translucent display substrate, a rear substrate that is opposed to the display substrate with a gap interposed therebetween, a dispersion medium enclosed between the substrates, a first particle group dispersed in the dispersion medium so as to migrate by applying a first voltage across the substrates, and a second particle group dispersed in the dispersion medium so as to migrate by applying a second voltage across the substrates, the driver including a setting unit setting a voltage value and a voltage application time of the first voltage with which the first particle group does not migrate at the time of causing the second particle group to migrate depending on a display density of the second particle group and a voltage application unit first applying the first voltage across the substrates and then applying the second voltage across the substrates.

Abstract: A driving device of an image display medium includes a voltage applying unit that applies a voltage between substrates, a generation unit that generates a polarity pattern where a polarity is reversed at a time width shorter than a pulse width at which a colored particle, of which pulse width for displaying the maximum density is the shortest, displays the maximum density, and a controller that controls the voltage applying unit such that a voltage with the magnitude for driving each kind of the colored particles is applied to each pixel, the voltage being a voltage with the same polarity continuously selected for each kind of colored particle, and the voltage with the same polarity being selected from voltages of which polarities are reversed in the polarity pattern on the basis of information on each pixel of the image information.

Abstract: A vehicular integrated mirror system is provided that is supported on a vehicle body that includes a door, and has an outside mirror disposed outside a vehicle compartment and an interior mirror disposed within the vehicle compartment at a position in the proximity of the outside mirror so that, in cooperation with the outside mirror, a vehicle rear field of vision is obtained, wherein a mirror holder retaining the outside mirror and the inside mirror is swingably supported on mirror support means mounted on the vehicle body in order to change the reflection angle of the two mirror relative to a vehicle driver, and the reflection angle of the outside mirror and the inside mirror is changed by remote drive means that makes the mirror holder swing by remote operation. This enables the reflection angle of the outside mirror and the inside mirror to be remotely controlled.

Abstract: An image display medium driver includes a voltage applying unit that applies a voltage between a pair of substrates of an image display medium that displays an image, the image display medium including plural groups of colored particles colored in a color which is different for every group, at least one of the substrates having transparent properties, each group of colored particles moved when the voltage equal to or higher than a threshold voltage in terms of absolute value, that is different for every group, and a controller that determines a substrate on which the colored particles are present for each group of colored particles based on the last image information used for displaying an image.

Abstract: An image display medium comprising a pair of substrates, at least one of which is light-transmissive; two or more kinds of particles having different colors and charge polarities, the particles being positioned between the pair of substrates such that the particles can move in response to an electric field generated between the pair of substrates; and an electric charge-retention layer provided at a side of at least one of the pair of substrates.

Abstract: An error-correcting code processing method includes: calculating descending symbols or ascending symbols or both, and calculating, as a parity, exclusive OR of all elements of an information symbol sequence; one or both of calculating exclusive OR for each element of the descending symbols, to generate low-order n bits of the descending symbols and calculating exclusive OR for each element of the ascending symbols, to generate low-order n bits of the ascending symbols; one or both of calculating exclusive OR of elements obtained by selecting, in descending order, elements from an element sequence resulting from arranging parities, to generate a high-order m bit of the descending symbols and calculating exclusive OR of elements obtained by selecting, in ascending order, elements from the element sequence, to generate a high-order m bit of the ascending symbols; and outputting the descending symbols or the ascending symbols or both as check symbols or a syndrome.

Abstract: A drive device that drives a display medium displaying an image includes a setting unit that sets a drive voltage of second particles responsive to a display density of the second particles with respect to the image, and sets threshold characteristics of first particles responsive to the set drive voltage of the second particles and a display density of the first particles, and a voltage application unit that applies between a display substrate and a back substrate an initial drive voltage responsive to the threshold characteristics of the first particles set by the setting unit, and thereafter applies between the display substrate and the back substrate the drive voltage of the second particles responsive to the display density of the second particles set by the setting unit.

Abstract: A display medium driver includes a translucent display substrate, a rear substrate that is opposed to the display substrate with a gap interposed therebetween, a dispersion medium enclosed between the substrates, a first particle group dispersed in the dispersion medium so as to migrate by applying a first voltage across the substrates, and a second particle group dispersed in the dispersion medium so as to migrate by applying a second voltage across the substrates, the driver including a setting unit setting a voltage value and a voltage application time of the first voltage with which the first particle group does not migrate at the time of causing the second particle group to migrate depending on a display density of the second particle group and a voltage application unit first applying the first voltage across the substrates and then applying the second voltage across the substrates.

Abstract: An image display medium including a pair of substrates, a transparent dispersion medium, one or more kind of colored particles and larger sized colored particles. The pair of substrates is disposed with a separation therebetween and at least one of the pair of substrates is transparent. The dispersion medium is transparent and enclosed between the pair of substrates. Each kind of the colored particles is colored a predetermined color, is dispersed in the dispersion medium, has predetermined charge characteristics or predetermined magnetic properties, and is able to migrate between the pair of substrates. The larger sized colored particles have a different color and a larger particle size than the colored particles, are disposed so that the colored particles are able to pass through the separation, have charge characteristics or magnetic properties which are different from those of the colored particles, and are able to move.

Abstract: There is provided an image display medium that includes: a pair of substrates at least one of that is light-transmissive; a liquid enclosed between the substrates; and three or more types of colored particles dispersed in the liquid that move in accordance with electric fields applied between the substrates and have different colors and charge characteristics, wherein at least one type of the colored particles has an opposite polarity from at least one other type of colored particles.

Abstract: There is provided a display device including: an electrophoretic display element including, plural types of particles, each of the respective plural types of particles being charged with the same polarity, differing in optical properties, and differing in either in migration speed and/or electric field threshold value for moving, a translucent display-side electrode, a first back-side electrode, and a second back-side electrode; and a voltage control section that controls the voltages applied to the display-side electrode, the first back-side electrode, and the second back-side electrode, such that the types of particles having the fastest migration speed from the plural types of particles, or the types of particles having the lowest threshold value from the plural types of particles, are moved to the first back-side electrode or to the second back-side electrode, and then the particles that moved to the first back-side electrode are moved to the display-side electrode.

Abstract: A switch for a vehicle includes: a first operating member provided on a mounting surface of the vehicle, the first operating member being operable by tilting; and a plurality of projections provided on the first operating member, the projections being operable by pushing, wherein the first operating member is shaped line symmetrically so that a central part of the first operating member is dented most; and the projection projects forward with respect to the central part of the first operating member, and the projection is uplifted along an outer wall part of the first operating member.

Abstract: There is provided a display device including a voltage application device that performs, with respect to a display medium including, a pair of substrates, plural types of particle groups disposed between the pair of substrates, a first electrode, plural second electrodes, and a third electrode, in succession after a first process, a second process of application of voltages to the display medium to the first through third electrodes such that the first particle group that has passed through the aperture in the third electrode due to the first process moves towards a downstream substrate of the pair of substrates disposed on the downstream side in the passing direction of the first particle group through the aperture, and the second particle group that has not passed through the aperture of the third electrode due to the first process moves towards the substrate on the side facing the downstream substrate.

Abstract: There is provided a display device including: an electrophoretic display element including, plural types of particles, each of the respective plural types of particles being charged with the same polarity, differing in optical properties, and differing in either in migration speed and/or electric field threshold value for moving, a translucent display-side electrode, a first back-side electrode, and a second back-side electrode; and a voltage control section that controls the voltages applied to the display-side electrode, the first back-side electrode, and the second back-side electrode, such that the types of particles having the fastest migration speed from the plural types of particles, or the types of particles having the lowest threshold value from the plural types of particles, are moved to the first back-side electrode or to the second back-side electrode, and then the particles that moved to the first back-side electrode are moved to the display-side electrode.

Abstract: A semiconductor device comprises a semiconductor substrate that is provided with an integrated circuit; a multi-layered member that is installed in the semiconductor substrate, including a plurality of conductive members and an insulation member; and an external terminal formed on a part of the surface of the multi-layered member. A pair of the conductive members contacts with the upper surface and the lower surface of the insulation member directly under the external terminal, includes a portion where the conductive members are overlapped each other, and are electrically coupled to each other.

Abstract: An image display medium includes a pair of substrates, a liquid that is enclosed between the substrates, first colored particles, second colored particles and third colored particles. The first colored particles are colored a first color and move in response to an electric field that is formed between the substrates. The second colored particles are colored a second color and move in an opposite direction of the first colored particles. The third colored particles are colored a third color, are configured to have a particle diameter such that the third colored particles move through clearances between the first colored particles and the second colored particles in a state in which the first colored particles and the second colored particles have aggregated together, and move in response to an electric field that is formed between the substrates.

Abstract: An integrated circuit device includes a high-speed I/F circuit block which transfers data through a serial bus, and a driver logic circuit block which generates a display control signal. A first-conductivity-type transistor included in the high-speed I/F circuit block is formed in a second-conductivity-type well, and a second-conductivity-type transistor included in the high-speed I/F circuit block is formed in a first-conductivity-type well formed in a second-conductivity-type substrate to enclose the second-conductivity-type well. A first-conductivity-type transistor and a second-conductivity-type transistor included in the driver logic circuit block are formed in a region other than a region of the first-conductivity-type well for the high-speed interface circuit block.

Abstract: The invention provides a display medium having a dimmer layer which comprises at least two kinds of charged mobile fine particles. Each of the at least two kinds of the charged mobile fine particles respectively has different coloration and a different mobility, and the charged mobile fine particles of at least one kind of the at least two kinds show coloration when in a dispersed state. The invention further provides a display device having an electric field forming unit and the dimmer layer. The invention further provides a display method which uses the display medium and includes putting the charged mobile fine particles of at least one of the kinds being dispersed while having other charged mobile fine particles not being dispersed.

Abstract: A display medium includes at least: a pair of substrates, at least one of the substrates having optical transparency; a dispersion medium positioned in a gap between the pair of substrates; one or more kinds of electrophoretic particles or two or more kinds of electrophoretic particles different in color from each other, included in the dispersion medium; and a holder disposed between the pair of substrates, the holder having a function of holding the electrophoretic particles and a function of controlling, by an external voltage, a movement amount of the electrophoretic particles on the holder.

Abstract: An image display medium includes a pair of substrates, a liquid that is enclosed between the substrates, first colored particles, second colored particles and third colored particles. The first colored particles are colored a first color and move in response to an electric field that is formed between the substrates. The second colored particles are colored a second color and move in an opposite direction of the first colored particles. The third colored particles are colored a third color, are configured to have a particle diameter such that the third colored particles move through clearances between the first colored particles and the second colored particles in a state in which the first colored particles and the second colored particles have aggregated together, and move in response to an electric field that is formed between the substrates.