Abstract: A control valve is disclosed herein. The control valve includes a valve sleeve and a rotor which is rotatably inserted into the valve sleeve. The valve sleeve have a plurality of fluid passages comprising a plurality of through passages which pass through the wall of the valve sleeve and a plurality of recessed grooves axially elongated on the inside surface of the valve sleeve. The rotor has a plurality of fluid passages opposing with said fluid passages of the valve sleeve. The fluid passages of the rotor cooperate with said fluid passages of the valve sleeve to open and close fluid flow. The valve sleeve has fluid flow noise suppress means formed by many continuous undulations along side edges of the recessed groove of the valve sleeve.

Abstract: The fuel in a compression pump chamber, defined by a compression plunger, is expelled by the compression plunger driven synchronously with the rotation of an engine. An injection plunger is driven by the expelled fuel, thus injecting fuel into an injection pump chamber defined by the injection plunger. A timing passage, closed by the compression plunger, is formed in the compression pump chamber, and a metering passage is formed in the injection pump chamber. The timing and metering passages communicate with a timing valve and a quantity control valve respectively arranged in an electromagnetic valve. The timing and quantity control valves are driven by an energization current such that they operate in cooperation with each other, i.e., when the timing valve is open, the quantity control valve is closed. When the timing valve is closed and the compression plunger returns, the injection plunger also returns and fuel is supplied to the injection pump chamber through the quantity control valve, which is open.

Abstract: A method is, herein, disclosed for separating a specific isotope from a mixture of isotopes by first irradiating the isotope mixture with a highly monochromatic laser light that resonates only with the energy level of the specific isotope so as to increase its chemical activity and then bombarding said specific isotope with a molecule containing highly reactive atoms so as to form a spatially separated compound rich in the specific isotope.

Abstract: A fuel injection control apparatus for use in an engine wherein fuel injection is controlled in accordance with the conditions of the engines operation. This apparatus is provided with a fuel quantity control unit of the distribution type which measures and discharges an amount of fuel in response to detection signals which represent the conditions of the engines operation, and with a plurality of unit injectors for distributing and supplying fuel to their respective engine cylinders, said fuel being set and measured by the fuel quantity control unit.

Abstract: A cylinder head construction for an overhead cam type internal combustion engine using rocker arms for actuating the valves from the camshaft. A plurality of bearing portions or supports are spaced along the head and rotatably support the camshaft. A continuous rocker arm shaft extends from one end of the head to the other and is bolted to each of the bearing portions to reinforce the head and specifically the bearing portions.

Abstract: A fuel injection nozzle of the present invention has an accumulating chamber in a body in which high pressure fuel fed from the fuel injection pump is stored using a non-return valve. A needle valve is arranged in the body to inject the fuel in the accumulating chamber. A nozzle needle of the needle valve and a valve member are arranged coaxially and in series with each other. Those end portions of the nozzle needle and valve member which are adjacent to each other are slidably and liquid-sealingly fitted together to define a damping chamber between the valve member and the nozzle needle. Further, a damping plunger is coaxially fitted into the valve member. A passage which connects the damping chamber with the side of the fuel injection pump is coaxially formed in the damping plunger and has a reduced area.

Abstract: Since the single polarization optical fiber according to the present invention comprises a core which does not substantially contain a dopant such as Ge, P or the like as well as a transition metal such as Fe, Cu or the like, the fiber has favorable radiation resistance, besides there is no decrease in refractive index at the central portion of the core, when the fiber is fabricated in accordance with an inner CVD method. It is also possible to decrease a vapor deposition temperature in the inner, CVD method by causing trace amounts of B.sub.2 O.sub.3 to be present in the core. Further since the cladding of the optical fiber is constituted of high-purity SiO.sub.2 containing fluorine or a mixture of fluorine and B.sub.2 O.sub.3, the total thickness of the cladding and the inner jacket can be reduced in the case where high-purity SiO.sub.2 is utilized as the core so that the fabrication thereof can easily be effected. Since the optical fiber is constituted so as to satisfy the relationship n.sub.1 >n.sub.

Abstract: A fuel injection nozzle of this invention includes a nozzle housing which defines therein a fuel sump chamber, stepped cylinder bore and fuel passage connected at one end to the sump chamber and at the other end to a smaller diameter bore section of a stepped bore. A stepped plunger is fitted into the stepped cylinder bore to define a pump chamber communicating with the fuel passage and a main fuel chamber into which the main fuel is supplied from a fuel injection pump. An auxiliary fuel is supplied from a feed pump through the fuel passage into the sump chamber and pump chamber. A nozzle needle is located within the nozzle housing and is responsive to a fuel pressure within the sump chamber to cause it to be lifted to permit an injection hole to be opened. The nozzle needle is urged under a predetermined force of a pressure spring in a direction in which the injection hole is blocked.

Abstract: The fuel injection apparatus of the invention comprises a unit injector for injecting fuel to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. An injection pump chamber and a timing chamber are defined in the unit injector, a quantity of fuel, adjusted in accordance with a drive condition of an engine, being supplied to these chambers. Fuel in the injection pump chamber and the timing chamber can be pressurized by an injection plunger and a timing plunger operated by pressure from the same pressure source. When the fuel in the injection pump chamber is pressurized to a predetermined injection pressure, fuel in the injection pump chamber is injected to the corresponding combustion chamber of the engine. The timing chamber is connected to a relief path, and a check valve, which can be opened at a pressure lower than the injection pressure, is provided in the relief path.

Abstract: A mechanism and an electrical circuit are provided which control an up/down position and a tilt angle of a headlamp on a vehicle. The headlamp is supported by a drive mechanism which includes an electric motor as a drive source. The drive mechanism drives the headlamp to its up or down position, and also controls the tilt angle thereof. In one embodiment, an angle of rotation sensor having improved configurations and disposition of conductor electrodes and contactors is coupled to the sensor. An angle of inclination sensor is mounted on the vehicle. The headlamp is driven in accordance with the outputs from the both sensors so that it illuminates a given point forward of the vehicle. Time limit means is provided, and interrupts the energization of the motor after a given time duration. Retract switch may be operated to drive the headlamp to its up or down position. During such movement, the motor is energized at a high level while it is energized at a low level when controlling the tilt angle.

Abstract: A variable-length encoding device includes a shift register for converting a binary data string representing an audio signal into unit words of three 2-bit data (e.g., (1,1), (1,0), and (0,1) and two 3-bit data (e.g., (0,0,0) and (0,0,1). The 3-bit data words are obtained such that the remaining 2-bit data (i.e., (0,0)) is used as upper two bits of each of the resultant 3-bit data and is combined with each of the "1" and "0" data of the resultant 3-bit data. The output data words from the shift register are converted by a logic circuit to the corresponding code words in one-to-one correspondence. Each code word has a bit number twice that of the input data word. If a bit array (1,0,1) is included in the code word bit stream thus obtained, this bit array is further converted to (0,0,1).

Abstract: A fuel injection apparatus for an internal combustion engine having engine cylinders includes a fuel tank, fuel supply pumps and fuel injection units. Each fuel injection unit comprises a cylinder, a plunger reciprocable in the cylinder by the engine, pump chamber defined between the cylinder and the plunger and receiving fuel from the fuel supply pump, an injection nozzle communicating with the pump chamber and a timing port formed in the cylinder. The fuel injection apparatus further includes a timing passage connecting the timing port with the fuel tank and a control valve. The control valve comprises a control chamber, a control valve body movable between the open and closed positions in the control chamber for controlling fuel injection, a spring urging the control valve body towards the closed position and a timing chamber formed adjacent the control chamber in the fuel injection unit for receiving fuel to move the control valve body towards the closed position.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for preparing L-threonine which comprises causing D-threonine-aldolase, or D-threonine-aldolase and L-allothreonine-aldolase to act on a solution containing at least DL-threonine thereby obtaining L-threonine from a mixture containing at least DL-threonine.

Abstract: A torch ignition type internal combustion engine has an auxiliary combustion chamber connected by a torch passage to a compact main combustion chamber. A cavity in the cylinder head forming a part of the main combustion chamber is provided with two intake valves on one side of the cavity and one exhaust valve on the other side. A large squish area is formed between the upper surface of the piston and the lower surface of the cylinder head and one or more suction conduits connect this squish area to the torch passage between its ends. Two torch passages may be provided; one may extend into the cavity near the exhaust valve and the other into the cavity near the remote intake valve. A plug chamber receives the spark plug electrodes and this chamber is in communication with both the auxiliary combustion chamber and the torch passage. In one form of the invention one torch passage extends from the lower end of the auxiliary combustion chamber and the other torch passage extends from the plug chamber.

Abstract: A fuel injection apparatus includes a pumping plunger operated in synchronism with an engine and a pumping cylinder into which the pumping plunger is inserted. A pump chamber is defined by the pumping plunger and pumping cylinder. An injection plunger operated by a hydraulic pressure in the pump chamber is inserted into an injection cylinder leading to the pump chamber to define an injection pump chamber. Fuel supplied from a fuel source is, after adjusted to a predetermined amount, supplied to the injection pump chamber. A fuel return passage is connected to the pump chamber and a blocking mechanism is disposed on the fuel return passage to block the passage at an optimal fuel injection time of an engine. The fuel in the pump chamber is discharged by a discharge mechanism at the fuel injection finishing time.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine has a fuel injection pump for controlling the amount of fuel injected in accordance with operating conditions of the engine, and a fuel injection nozzle unit for injecting the fuel delivered from the fuel injection pump into a combustion chamber. In the fuel injection nozzle unit, an injection pump chamber is located in a nozzle housing thereof so as to receive the fuel delivered from the fuel injection pump. The pressurized fuel in the fuel injection pump chamber is delivered by an injection plunger to an injection nozzle thereof. A pressure pump chamber is also located in the nozzle housing so as to receive a fluid. This fluid is pressurized by the pressurizing plunger which reciprocates in synchronism with the engine. The injection plunger pressurizes the fuel in the injection pump chamber by the pressure of the fuel in the pressure pump chamber, thereby supplying the pressurized fuel to an injection nozzle.

Abstract: A process for improving the operating characteristics of a phosphorous-, molybdenum-, and oxygen-containing catalyst used for the production of an unsaturated carboxylic acid by gas phase catalytic oxidation of a corresponding unsaturated aldehyde, comprising the step of calcinating the catalyst at a temperature of 300.degree.-500.degree. C. while a gas containing 0.05-3 vol. % of ammonia and/or steam is passed over the catalyst.

Abstract: A fuel injecting device has a fuel pump and a fuel injector.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for an internal combustion engine, comprising cylinder which has a delivery plunger slidable therein, an injection plunger which is hydraulically actuated by the delivery plunger and which defines an injection pump chamber, a timing plunger which defines a timing pump chamber selectively connected to a drain and which is hydraulically actuated by the delivery plunger to control the connection of the timing pump chamber to the drain, a controllable electromagnetic control valve, balance timing orifice, non-return valve, fuel passage and metering groove feeding the fuel into the injection and timing pump chambers, and nozzle for injecting the fuel delivered by the injection pump chamber, the injection plunger and timing plunger being axially displaced by the fuel fed into the respective pump chambers, in directions opposite to the directions of the movement of the two plungers caused by the delivery plunger, through a stroke in proportion to the amount of the fed fuel.

Abstract: A process for preparing a modified aliphatic, alicyclic or araliphatic organic polyisocyanate composition which comprises heating an aliphatic, alicyclic or araliphatic organic polyisocyanate composition having at least two isocyanate groups in one molecule at a temperature of from about 100.degree. C. to about 200.degree. C. in the presence of an aliphatic, alicyclic or araliphatic organic diisocyanate monomer in an amount of at least about 1/2 of the weight of the organic polyisocyanate composition and removing unreacted aliphatic, alicyclic or araliphatic organic diisocyanate monomer.