Abstract: A process for preparing a silver halide emulsion is disclosed, which comprises dissolving one or more substantially water-insoluble photographic additives in a solution of an organic solvent containing a surface active agent having a hydrophilic --SO.sub.3 or --OSO.sub.3 group wherein said organic solvent is an alcohol, and then adding the resulting solution to a silver halide emulsion. A small amount of a base, or small amounts of a base and an acid may optionally be present in the mixed solution of the organic solvent and the surface active agent prior to adding the one or more substantially water-insoluble photographic additives.

Abstract: A light source composed of a semiconductor laser and a nonlinear optical element which converts a laser beam emitted from the semiconductor laser to a laser beam having a shorter wavelength, disposed in the path of a laser beam produced by the laser, the nonlinear optical element containing a compound represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2, X and n are as defined in the specification, of formula (II) ##STR2## wherein Z.sup.3 and Z.sup.4 are defined in the specification, or an acid adduct therefore. the nonlinear optical element exhibits high transmittances to blue light and generates a laser beam having a shorter wavelength than that of the laser applied.

Abstract: A nonlinear optical material comprising a compound represented by formula (I) ##STR1## wherein Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2, R.sup.1, X and n are as defined before, or a compound represented by formula (II) ##STR2## wherein Z.sup.11 and Z.sup.12 are as defined before. The compounds of formula (I) and (II) exhibits high transmittance to blue light and high nonlinear optical effects.

Abstract: A presensitized plate from which a lithographic printing plate is to be prepared, comprising a support having provided thereon a non-silver light-sensitive layer comprising an O-quinonediazide compound and a silver halide light-sensitive layer in this order, said silver halide light-sensitive layer containing a specific sensitizing dye. The presensitized plate is specifically high in sensitivity to a light of the wavelength in the range of 480 nm to 520 nm, and therefore it can be handled even under the lighter safe light.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic emulsion containing at least one compound represented by following formula (I):Dye--L--Hyd (I)wherein Dye represents a chromophore-containing dye residue shown by following formula (II); Hyd represents a hydrazine residue one of the two nitrogen atoms of which is substituted by a carbonyl group, a sulfonyl group, a sulfoxy group, a phosphoryl group, or an alkilydene group and L represents a divalent linkage group of bonding Dye and Hyd; ##STR1## wherein R and R.sub.1, which may be the same or different, each represents an alkyl group; Z and Z.sub.1, which may be the same or different, each represents an atomic group necessary for forming a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring; Q represents an atomic group necessary for forming a 5- or 6-membered carbon ring or a 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring; A represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom; and n, d, and m each represents 0 or 1.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic emulsion containing at least one of the compounds of formula (I) and at least one of the compounds of formula (III), or further containing at least one of the compounds of formula (II) besides the above at least two compounds: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.0, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7, R.sub.8, R.sub.9, R.sub.10 and R.sub.11 each represent various groups; X.sub.1.sup..crclbar., X.sub.2.sup..crclbar. and X.sub.3.sup..crclbar. each represent counter anions; l, m and n are each 0 or 1; Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 each represent nonmetal atomic groups necessary for forming unsubstituted or substituted benzene rings, or unsubstituted or substituted naphthalene rings; and Z.sub.3 and Z.sub.4 each represent nonmetal atomic groups necessary for forming unsubstituted or substituted naphthalene rings.

Abstract: A synthetic fiber suited for use as a reinforcement for cement mortar or concrete as derived from monofilaments having a tensile strength of not less than 80 kg/mm.sup.2, Young's modulus of not less than 2,300 kg/mm.sup.2, a flat cross section in which the minor axis-to-major axis ratio is 1:2 to 1:10, and a fineness of 1,000-9,000 denier, and being cut to a fiber length such that the aspect ratio (the value obtained by dividing the fiber length by the diameter of a circle equivalent in area to the cross section of the fiber) amounts to 20-150, in particular a polyvinyl alcohol fiber having the above-mentioned characteristic features, shows good dispersibility in cement mortar and produces very good reinforcing effect. Materials of construction which are excellent in workability and postcure strength can be obtained by incorporating the above-mentioned fiber to cement and the like.

Abstract: A heat-developable light-sensitive material comprising a support having provided thereon a light-sensitive layer comprising a silver halide which is spectrally sensitized with at least one dye represented by formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.0 and R.sub.1, which may be the same or different, each represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, a halogen atom, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an acylamino group, an acyl group, a cyano group, a carbamoyl group, a sulfamoyl group, a carboxyl group, or an acyloxy group; provided that at least one of R.sub.0 and R.sub.1 represents a group other than a hydrogen atom; R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or an aryl group; R.sub.3 represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, an acyl group, an acyloxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, or an acylamino group; provided that when R.sub.3 represents an aryl group, R.sub.0 and R.sub.

Abstract: A method for processing a black-and-white photosensitive material comprising the steps of:(a) exposing a silver halide photosensitive material having been spectrally sensitized with a sensitizing dye;(b) developing the exposed material;(c) fixing the developed material; and(d) thereafter at least one step selected from washing the material and stabilizing the material;at least one of the fixing, washing and stabilizing steps being performed in the presence of at least one compound represented by formula (I) or (II) or a salt thereof; ##STR1## wherein A represents an atomic group necessary for forming a saturated or unsaturated 3-membered to 8-membered ring comprising at least one hetero atom selected from an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom and a selenium atom; and M represents a hydrogen atom or a counter cation; andX--(R.sub.1 --S).sub.n --R.sub.2 --S--R.sub.3 --Y (II)wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, which may be the same or different, each represents an alkylene group; R.sub.1 and R.sub.

Abstract: Photopolymerization initiator compositions having high photosensitivity to light sources giving visible rays and the other rays in the longer wavelengths. The compositions containing polymerizable compounds having at least one ethylenic unsaturated bond and organic boron compound anionic salts of indolenine dye compounds having at least one electron-attracting group in the nuclei can be used for the production of planographic plates, resin letterpress printing plates and photoresists or photomasks for printed circuit substrates. The polymerizable compounds having at least one ethylenic unsaturated bond can be encapsulated to obtain microcapsules to be used for the formation of black and white or color images.

Abstract: A silver halide color photographic material is described, comprising a support having provided thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer, wherein said at least one silver halide emulsion layer comprises at least one compound represented by the formula (I) and at least one compound represented by the formula (II): ##STR1## wherein V.sub.1, V.sub.2, V.sub.3 and V.sub.4 each represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an acyl group, an acyloxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a carbamoyl group, a sulfamoyl group, a carboxy group, a cyano group, a hydroxy group, an amino group, an acylamino group, an alkoxy group or an aryl group, or V.sub.1 and V.sub.2, or V.sub.3 and V.sub.4 may be bound to each other to form a benzene ring;R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, which may be the same or different, each represents an alkyl group and may optionally form a salt with a metal atom or other organic compound;X.sup..crclbar.

Abstract: A novel information recording medium comprising a substrate and a recording layer for writing and/or reading information by means of a laser beam which is provided on the substrate is disclosed. The recording layer contains a dye having at least one chromophore selected from the group consisting of an amidinium ion chromophore, a carboxyl ion chromophore and a dipolar amide chromophore, and an organic solvent-soluble silver salt. Alternatively, the recording layer contains said chromophore and this recording layer is arranged in contact with a layer of an organic solvent-soluble silver salt.

Abstract: A silver halide photosensitive material is described which comprises at least one layer of a silver halide emulsion layer provided on a base, wherein said at least one silver halide emulsion layer comprises at least one novel dye compound represented by general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2 are independently represents a sulfur atom or a selenium atom;R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each independently represents an alkyl group, provided that at least one of R.sub.1 or R.sub.2 must represent a butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group or an octyl group;V.sub.1, V.sub.2, V.sub.3, V.sub.4, V.sub.5, V.sub.6, V.sub.7 and V.sub.

Abstract: Several embodiments of enrichment system for internal combustion engines for supplying enrichment fuel in response to a predetermined condition. In each embodiment, the engine has multiple chambers with multiple intake passages and a balance passage that interconnects at least some of the intake passages. The supplemental fuel is delivered to the balance passage for distribution to the chambers served by the interconnected intake passages. In some embodiments, the engine is provided with a charge forming system in the form of carburetors and in other embodiments, the engine is provided with a charge forming system in the form of fuel injection.

Abstract: A process for processing a silver halide black and white photographic material, which comprises processing, after imagewise exposing, a silver halide black and white photographic material spectrally sensitized by a sensitizing dye with a processing solution containing at least one compound satisfying the following condition 1 and/or a salt thereof in an amount of at least 5.times.10.sup.-5 mol/liter;Condition 1:when 4 ml of an aqueous solution of 8.0.times.10.sup.-2 mol/liter of the compound is added to a mixture of 2 ml of an aqueous solution of 4.0.times.10.sup.-4 mol/liter of anhydro-5,5'-dichloro-9-ethyl-3,3'-bis(3-sulfopropyl)thiacarbocyanine hydroxide.pyridinium salt and 1 ml of an aqueous solution of 1.0.times.10.sup.-1 mol/liter of potassium chloride and the resultant solution is diluted with water to 10 ml, the molecular extinction coefficient of the aqueous solution at 624 nm is not higher than 1.0.times.10.sup.5.

Abstract: Photopolymerizable initiator compositions having high photosensitivity to light sources giving visible rays and the other rays in the longer wavelengths. The compositions containing polymerizable compounds having ethylenic unsaturated bonds and salts formed by an organic boron compound anion and an organic cationic azulene dye compound comprising an azulene ring having a nitrogen atom or a chalcogen atom in the 2- or 4- position can be used for making lithographic printing plates, resinous relief printing plates, and resists or photomasks for printed circuit substrates.The polymerizable compounds having ethylenic unsaturated bonds can be encapsulated to obtain microcapsules to be used for the formation of black-and-white or color images.

Abstract: A silver halide color photographic material and a process for preparing the photographic material are disclosed, comprising a support and at least one silver halide emulsion layer on the support, wherein the emulsion layer contains a silver halide emulsion which has been spectrally sensitized by adding a spectrally sensitizing dye prior to the completion of formation of silver halide particles, and at least one cyan coupler represented by formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.11 and R.sub.12 each represents an alkyl group, an aryl group, a heterocyclic group, an alkyloxy group, an aryloxy group, a heterocyclic oxy group, an alkylamino group, an arylamino group, or a heterocyclic amino group, R.sub.13 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxyl group, an aryloxy group, an acyloxy group, or an acylamino group, X is a group capble of being released upon the oxidative coupling reaction with a developing agent, or R.sub.12 and R.sup.13 together form a 5- or 6-membered ring.

Abstract: Two embodiments of improved exhaust gas systems for outboard motors. In each system, the slow speed exhaust gases go through at least three expansions and contractions before discharge to the atmosphere. In one embodiment of the invention, the slow speed exhaust gases go through four expansions and contractions. In each embodiment of the invention, one of the expansion chambers has communication with another expansion chamber through a neck that is tuned whereby the neck and the one expansion chamber function as a Helmholtz resonator for tuning intermediate and high speed exhaust gas discharge.

Abstract: An optical wavelength converter device has a waveguide of a nonlinear optical material disposed in cladding and having a refractive index lower than the refractive index of the cladding for converting a fundamental guided through the waveguide into a second or third harmonic and radiating the second or third harmonic into the cladding. The nonlinear optical material comprises an organic nonlinear optical material having a maximum light absorption coefficient at a wavelength close to the wavelength of at least one of the fundamental and the second harmonic.

Abstract: A color image-forming process is disclosed, which comprises imagewise exposing a silver halide color photographic material comprising a support having thereon at least one light-sensitive layer containing at least one coupler capable of forming a dye upon a reaction with an oxidation product of an aromatic primary amine color developing agent and a silver halide emulsion spectrally sensitized with a dye represented by the following general formula (I), (II) or (II), substantially excluding silver iodide, and containing about 80 mol % or more silver chloride, processing the exposed photographic material with a color developer, then processing it with a solution having a pH of not more than about 6.5 and having a bleaching ability within about 75 seconds: ##STR1## wherein the symbols have the meanings described hereinafter. A silver halide color photographic material to be processed in accordance with the method described above is also disclosed.