Abstract: In an optical transmitting and receiving apparatus. an light transmitting and receiving unit includes a light emitting element, a light transmitting lens, a light receiving lens, and a photosensitive element. The light emitting element outputs light. The light outputted from the light emitting element passes through the light transmitting lens before leaving the light transmitting and receiving unit as outgoing light. The light receiving lens concentrates incoming light on the photosensitive element. A first support member is operative for supporting the light transmitting and receiving unit, and for allowing the light transmitting and receiving unit to rotate about a first axis. A first rotary mechanism connected to the light transmitting and receiving unit and the first support member is operative for rotating the light transmitting and receiving unit about the first axis.

Abstract: A process for producing a modified phenolic resin, comprising heating a heavy oil or pitch of given average molecular weight and, per mol, calculated from the average molecular weight, of the heavy oil or pitch; 0.3 to 25 mol, in terms of formaldehyde, a formaldehyde compound and 0.5 to 50 mol of a phenol of the formula (I) (wherein R1 represents a linear or branched unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 2 unsaturated bonds and having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, p is 1 or 2, X represents an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and q is 0 or 1) under stirring in the presence of an acid catalyst to thereby effect a polycondensation. The modified phenolic resin obtained by this process, as compared with the conventional modified phenolic resin produced from a heavy oil or pitch as a feedstock, has an extremely low softening point so as to be flowable at about room temperature and has also a low melt viscosity, thereby ensuring very excellent moldability.

Abstract: In an optical transmitting and receiving apparatus, an light transmitting and receiving unit includes a light emitting element, a light transmitting lens, a light receiving lens, and a photosensitive element. The light emitting element outputs light. The light outputted from the light emitting element passes through the light transmitting lens before leaving the light transmitting and receiving unit as outgoing light. The light receiving lens concentrates incoming light on the photosensitive element. A first support member is operative for supporting the light transmitting and receiving unit, and for allowing the light transmitting and receiving unit to rotate about a first axis. A first rotary mechanism connected to the light transmitting and receiving unit and the first support member is operative for rotating the light transmitting and receiving unit about the first axis.

Abstract: In an optical transmitting and receiving apparatus, an light transmitting and receiving unit includes a light emitting element, a light transmitting lens, a light receiving lens, and a photosensitive element. The light emitting element outputs light. The light outputted from the light emitting element passes through the light transmitting lens before leaving the light transmitting and receiving unit as outgoing light. The light receiving lens concentrates incoming light on the photosensitive element. A first support member is operative for supporting the light transmitting and receiving unit, and for allowing the light transmitting and receiving unit to rotate about a first axis. A first rotary mechanism connected to the light transmitting and receiving unit and the first support member is operative for rotating the light transmitting and receiving unit about the first axis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing lipids, which comprises culturing bacteria capable of assimilating aliphatic hydrocarbons and accumulating lipids in medium containing aliphatic hydrocarbons until lipids are accumulated in the bacteria and then recovering the lipids therefrom, as well as to process for producing cosmetics which comprises using the lipids produced by said method.

Abstract: A color thermal printer has three thermal heads disposed along a transport path of a thermosensitive recording sheet. Each of the thermal heads are supported in movable fashion between an advanced position where the thermal heads are pressed against the recording sheet, and a retracted position away from the recording sheet. An advancing period is predetermined to precede a time point when each thermal head starts being driven. The thermal heads are serially moved to the advanced position, from the retracted position slowly during the predetermined advancing period, gradually to raise the pressing force of the thermal heads to the recording sheet. A full-color image is thermally recorded to the recording sheet by the thermal heads in the advanced position while the recording sheet is transported in one direction.

Abstract: A color thermal recording medium has three thermosensitive coloring layers for cyan, magenta and yellow formed in this order from the base material side. The upper layer has a higher thermal recording sensitivity. The color thermal recording medium is thermally recorded by three thermal heads by a one-pass method. At least two of the three thermal heads are driven in time-sharing fashion. Besides, drive voltage for the thermal heads for recording uppermost and next uppermost thermosensitive coloring layers are set lower than that applied for the thermal head for the innermost thermosensitive coloring layer. Instead of or in addition to adjusting the drive voltages, the maximum duration of drive times may be changed for each color.

Abstract: A color thermal recording medium has a cyan thermosensitive coloring layer, a magenta thermosensitive coloring layer, and a yellow thermosensitive coloring layer, respectively laminated on a supporting material in this order from the side of the supporting material. The upper layer has a higher thermal recording sensitivity, and is colored with lower heat energy. The color thermal recording medium is thermally recorded by three thermal heads by a one-pass method. The top yellow thermosensitive coloring layer and the adjacent magenta thermosensitive coloring layer are thermally recorded at lower voltages, which are applied to the thermal printers, than the voltage applied for the cyan thermosensitive coloring layer. In this case, the cooling time is shortened within a range for allowing thermal hysteresis to be relieved, and the image pulse duration is set longer. Instead of adjusting the application voltages, the mean resistance values of heating elements may be changed.

Abstract: A thermosensitive color recording material is provided having cyan, magenta, and yellow thermosensitive coloring layers formed on a supporting material in this order. As a thermosensitive coloring layer is positioned deeper within the recording material, which corresponds to a lower heat sensitivity thereof, a larger heat energy for coloring is required. The high density area of the yellow thermosensitive color layer overlaps with the low density area of the magenta thermosensitive coloring layer, and the high density area of the magenta thermosensitive color layer overlaps with the low density area of the cyan thermosensitive coloring layer. In coloring the yellow thermosensitive coloring layer, it is necessary to prevent the underlying magenta thermosensitive coloring layer from developing color.

Abstract: A wax transfer type thermal printer includes a thermal head having a plurality of heating elements arranged in the main scanning direction. Each heating element transfers an ink dot in a unit pixel. The length of each ink dot is changed in accordance with gradation levels. In printing characters, a unit pixel is used as one pixel. In printing a half-tone image, the heating elements are divided into plural groups each of which has N heating elements and records (N.times.M) unit pixels as one pixel, where M, N are integers of 2 or more.

Abstract: A direct color thermal printer and method for direct color thermal recording of a full-color image on a thermosensitive color recording material is provided having yellow, magenta and cyan recording layers formed in this order from the outside, by sequentially recording yellow, magenta and cyan frames of the full-color image in this order in yellow, magenta and cyan recording layers. The recording speed of the yellow frame is set higher than the recording speed of the magenta and cyan frames by predetermining a recording cycle of one pixel or a recording time per pixel which is shorter for the yellow recording layer than the recording cycles for the magenta and cyan recording layers.

Abstract: A heat-sensitive material is used for making a mimeographic printing plate. The plate material includes a screen where printing ink is passable, and a resinous membrane formed on its surface. The resinous membrane is heated and melted so as to form a number of minute holes therein for passing the ink therethrough. A thermal head, having a large number of heating elements disposed in a main scan direction, is applied to the plate material. The plate material is moved in a sub scan direction by a predetermined distance, which is a pitch of a plurality of pixels on the plate material. In accordance with the optical density to be reproduced, the time of driving the heating elements is controlled in order to form holes in the pixels, so as to change a length of the hole in the pixels. As a result, the mimeographic plate for printing an image of half-tone can be obtained.

Abstract: A thermal head is moved in a sub scan direction relatively to a recording paper, the thermal head having a plurality of heating elements disposed along a main scan direction. The length of each heating element along the main scan direction is longer than its length along the sub scan direction. While the thermal head moves by a distance corresponding to the width of a picture cell, drive time of each heating element, in which each heating element is driven continuously or intermittently, is controlled to change the recording area of wax type ink dot transferred to the recording paper. Adjacent ink dots in the main scan direction are displaced by a predetermined distance in the sub scan direction. If a thermal head is intermittently moved by a unit movement amount, the unit movement amount is set smaller than the width of the heating element in order to achieve a high gradation.

Abstract: By using a thermal development type photosensitive recording medium wherein a latent image is formed in a photocuring composition by exposure, and in which the components related to thermal color development or thermal color bleaching are diffused to form a color picture image within the photosensitive material correponding to the latent image, a picture signal representing a picture is received and an image of the picture is displayed on a liquid crystal panel as a black and white picture image corresponding to the picture signal. The displayed picture image on the liquid crystal panel is exposed on the photosensitive recording medium. Monomer is polymerized in the exposed areas by a photopolymerization initiator. The components related to color development or color bleaching of the unexposed areas are diffused by means of heating the photosensitive recording medium, and a visible picture is formed.

Abstract: A color thermal printer has a character printing thermal head and a half-tone color image printing thermal head. The character printing thermal head records a black character on an image receiving sheet by heating the back surface of a black ink film. The half-tone color image printing thermal head records a color image on the image receiving sheet by heating the back surface of a color ink film having at least cyan, magenta, and yellow ink areas cyclically formed thereon. A heating element of the thermal head of conventional size is used for character printing, and a heating element with a smaller width than that of a conventional thermal head in the sub scan direction is used for half-tone color image printing.

Abstract: A video printer for receiving a video signal of an image to record a visible image thereof on a photosensitive recording medium is located in a generally compact housing. A liquid crystal panel is tightly fixed onto the photosensitive recording medium so that the liquid crtystal panel is driven by the video signal to display an image. The liquid crystal panel on which the image is displayed is supplied with a light from a light source such that the photosensitive recording medium is exposed to the light depending on the displayed image. The medium is then developed to form a visualized image. The video printer is compact and is easily operated to produce a hard copy.

Abstract: A magnetic sheet polishing device including a scraper having a sliding surface and a downstream side surface that is nearly perpendicular or at an acute angle to the sliding surface to ensure that magnetic material powder spontaneously falls away from and does not adhere again to the magnetic material surface of the magnetic sheet after being scraped off by the scraper. Additionally, the scraper has a diagonal groove or a diagonal step formed in a side surface to check for wear of the sliding surface.

Abstract: A laser beam emitted from a semiconductor laser is radiated and scanned on a bundle of paper materials which is being conveyed, and the laser beam reflected by the bundle is received by a plurality of photocells to be converted to electrical signals. A signal synthesizer synthesizes the electrical signals output from the photocells. A binary circuit binarizes the synthesized signal to generate a boundary signal corresponding to a boundary between packs included in the bundle. A CPU detects the number of packs included in the bundle on the basis of the number of boundary signals.

Abstract: A magnetic sheet polishing device including a scraper having a sliding surface and a downstream side surface that is nearly perpendicular or at an acute angle to the sliding surface to ensure that magnetic material powder spontaneously falls away from and does not adhere again to the magnetic material surface of the magnetic sheet after being scraped off by the scraper. Additionally, the scraper has a diagonal groove or a diagonal step formed in a side surface to check for wear of the sliding surface.

Abstract: A rotary looptaker includes a looptaker body rotatable about a vertical axis and a bobbin case restrained from rotary motion with the looptaker body. A plurality of annular protrusions are provided on a flange of the bobbin case so as to extend in a circumferential direction of the bobbin case and are in engagement with a flat surface formed on a raceway of the looptaker body. When the looptaker body is rotated, the bobbin case slides relative to the looptaker body through a very small contact area between the annular protrusions and the flat surface, thus reducing sliding friction between the looptaker body and the bobbin case. Accordingly, noise and vibration are decreased when a rotation restraining projection of the bobbin case contacts a restraint element secured to a machine frame.