Abstract: A process of forming mask images having high contrast at the edges thereof and possessing high heat resistance and high durability comprising imagewise exposing a photographic light-sensitive material comprising a transparent support having thereon, in succession, a mask layer and a layer of an emulsion of a silver halide in a binder followed by development without employing fixing processing to form silver images at the image areas, removing the silver forming the silver images at the image areas with an aqueous solution containing ceric sulfate and sulfuric acid; then reducing the silver halide remaining at the non-image areas to silver; halogenating the silver formed in the non-image areas with an aqueous solution containing dichromate ions and halogen ions; heating the photographic material above about 200.degree. C.

Abstract: A photomask material which comprises a transparent support having a transparent electroconductive layer thereon, the transparent electroconductive layer having thereon a transparent porous aluminum oxide layer formed by anodic oxidation, the aluminum oxide layer containing over the entire layer a uniform distribution of a number of fine pores having a light-sensitive silver halide therein.

Abstract: A method for forming an image comprising forming a silver, silver halide or binder image in the emulsion layer of a photographic material, which photographic material comprises a support having a silver halide emulsion layer thereon, by exposing and developing the photographic material, and plasma etching the emulsion layer to preferentially remove the emulsion layer at the non-image areas. Alternatively, the emulsion layer may be on a masking layer, whereafter, following exposing and developing, the photographic material is plasma etched to preferentially remove the emulsion layer at the non-image areas and to uncover the masking layer lying thereunder and then the masking layer is etched away at the uncovered areas.

Abstract: A photosensitive printing plate with high sensitivity comprising a support having a hydrophilic surface and formed in succession thereon (1) a layer of an oleophilic photosensitive resin composition whose solubility in a solvent is changed by exposure to light to which the resin composition layer is sensitive and (2) directly on the layer (1) a layer containing a dispersion of particles of photosensitive silver halide grains coated with a water-soluble polymer in an oleophilic polymer capable of being dissolved in a developer for the photosensitive resin composition.

Abstract: Reproduction of a multicolor original is obtained in an electrophotographic process with multiple development employing a liquid developer comprising an insulating liquid and suspended therein photoconductive particles and colored toner particles. Prior to the second and subsequent development steps, the imaging surface is contacted with a toner free insulating liquid.

Abstract: A method of producing a durable photomask comprising,Forming a silver image pattern in a silver halide emulsion layer on a glass support by imagewise exposing the emulsion layer followed by development,Removing pattern-like the silver halide emulsion layer utilizing the difference in property between the silver image-containing portions and the non-silver image-containing portions of the emulsion layer to partially uncover the surface of the glass support at the portions where the emulsion layer was removed,Applying a silver ion-supplying material and/or a copper ion-supplying material on the glass support to form a layer of the ion-supplying material, andHeating the glass support at a high temperature to diffuse the metal ions into the surface of the glass support at the uncovered surface portions of the glass support.

Abstract: A method for producing a photomask, which comprises exposing and development-processing a photographic light-sensitive material comprising a transparent support having thereon a masking layer and a silver halide emulsion layer to thereby form a silver image, bleaching the silver image with a bleaching solution containing hexavalent chromium ion, heating in the presence of oxygen to imagewise uncover the masking layer, etching away the uncovered masking layer, and then removing the emulsion layer at the non-image areas to uncover the masking layer corresponding to the non-image areas.

Abstract: A process of spin coating a coating composition on the surface of a base plate, comprising supplying a material which is compatable with the coating composition, in either a liquid or vapor form, to the opposite surface of the base plate to the surface on which the coating composition has been supplied (hereinafter "back surface" or "back side") while rotating the base plate to remove the coating composition flowing to the back surface or to the edge portion of the plate. The material compatible with the coating composition may be applied to the surface of the base plate at the periphery thereof to reduce or remove the coating composition there.

Abstract: A support suitable for spin coating which is transparent to near ultraviolet and visible light and has a flat surface to be coated, wherein the periphery of the surface is removed in an amount of at least the excess thickness at the periphery of a coated layer to be formed by spin coating so that the surface of the coated layer at the periphery is not raised as compared to the surface of the coated layer at the center. A mask blank which has a mask layer formed on the support is also disclosed as is a light-sensitive photographic material which has a silver halide emulsion layer formed on the support or the mask blank. The process is also claimed.

Abstract: An image forming method comprising forming a silver image on a photographic material which comprises a substrate having a silver halide emulsion layer thereon by exposing and developing the photographic material and image-wise ion-etching away the layer to remove non-image areas of the emulsion layer, wherein the silver image is intensified or toned, if desired, before the ion-etching treatment.

Abstract: A method for producing a heat resistant, light resistant, chemically resistant and abrasion resistant noble metal image comprising forming a silver image on a photographic material which comprises a substrate having thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer, either directly or on at least one subbing layer on the substrate, by exposing and developing the photographic material, converting the silver image into a noble metal image by contacting the silver image with a compound containing a noble metal having an ionization tendency smaller than the ionization tendency of silver, and then heating the photographic material in an oxygen-containing gas to thermally decompose and substantially remove the organic components on the substrate.

Abstract: A method for producing a relief pattern comprising forming one of (i) a silver image, (ii) a silver halide image, or (iii) an image obtained by toning and/or intensifying the silver image or silver halide image, in the emulsion layer of a photographic light-sensitive material which comprises a support having thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer, either directly or on at least one subbing layer on the support, by image-wise exposing to light and developing, heating the photographic material to decompose the binder of the emulsion layer, and then ion-etching the photographic material to form a relief pattern of the support corresponding to the above-described image.

Abstract: A recording material which comprises a support which is highly thermally insulating or a support having thereon a highly thermally insulating layer and a heat-sensitive layer which is thermally deformed, foams, colors, discolors, sublimes, evaporates, or becomes transparent, translucent or opaque when exposed to radiation having a high energy density such as a laser beam and an electron beam on the highly thermally insulating support or on the highly thermally insulating layer on the support.

Abstract: A novel photosensitive member is disclosed which is suitable for the formation of images on the exterior surfaces of structures such as buildings and ships which comprises a combination of a substrate member and photosensitive layer with both opaque and adhesive layers to provide for attachment of the member to the surface of the structure as well as the imaging thereof under outdoor conditions.

Abstract: Images are formed by transporting a recording surface bearing an electrostatic latent image adjacent to a spaced parallel surface of a development electrode and supplying a liquid developer between the recording surface and parallel surface of the development electrode at substantially the same velocity as the velocity of the recording surface.

Abstract: Reproduction of a multicolor original is obtained in an electrophotographic process with multiple development employing a liquid developer comprising an insulating liquid and suspended therein photoconductive particles and colored toner particles. Prior to the second and subsequent development steps, the imaging surface is contacted with a toner free insulating liquid.

Abstract: A device in a liquid development system to prevent soiling of support rollers for an imaging member wherein the support rollers previously soiled the back surface of the imaging member. The invention comprises insulating the support rollers and applying a developing voltage only when the imaging member has been inserted between the support rollers and another set of rollers which also serve as development electrodes so that voltage is not applied on a given roller pair not carrying the imaging member, thus developer material is not induced to flow on roller pairs not bearing the imaging member.

Abstract: An apparatus for development of electrostatic latent images using liquid developers whereby development rollers positioned in development configuration are separated by a conductive fixed member having one surface thereof closely spaced from the latent image bearing member and having at least one surface closely spaced from the development roller.

Abstract: A method for producing a photomask by exposing and development-processing a photographic light-sensitive material including a transparent support having thereon a masking layer and a silver halide emulsion layer to thereby form silver image areas, etch-bleaching the silver halide emulsion layer to thereby remove the silver image areas to uncover the masking layer thereunder, subjecting the coated support to etching to etch the uncovered masking layer with a mixed solution containing hydrofluoric acid and ammonium fluoride to thereby uncover the transparent support thereunder, and then removing the non-silver image areas to thereby reveal the masking layer.

Abstract: A photomask material which comprises a transparent support having thereon an aluminum oxide thin film formed by anodic oxidation, the oxide thin film containing with a uniform distribution over the entire film a number of fine pores having a light-sensitive silver halide therein, and a method for producing the photomask material which comprises providing an aluminum thin layer on a transparent support, anodically oxidizing the aluminum thin layer by contacting the aluminum thin layer with an electrolytic solution such that the rate of anodic oxidation of the aluminum thin layer is continuously reduced in a direction of from one portion of the thin layer to another portion of the thin layer to thereby render the thin layer transparent, and incorporating a light-sensitive silver halide in a number of the resulting fine pores formed in the aluminum oxide thin film and uniformly all over the aluminum oxide thin film.