Abstract: In a magnetic recording/reproducing apparatus, desired information is recorded on a main track of a magnetic disk using a magnetic head. Other information is recorded on a guard band which is adjacent to the main track using another magnetic head. Each of the magnetic heads has a magnetic layer, an insulator layer, and a conductor layer formed of thin films. The heads are adjacent to each other in the widthwise direction of the track with a predetermined relative azimuth angle between them in which is greater than 0.degree. and no greater than 45.degree.. The magnetic head for the main track is applied with an optimum recording current. The magnetic head for the guard band is applied with a recording current so that its magnetomotive force is within the range of 40% to 80% of the magnetomotive force of the magnetic head for the main track.

Abstract: A camera having checking function in which part of a light beam passing through the conjugate system of the camera lens unit is taken out. The light beam taken is passed through a focusing optical system to focus an optical image on an imaging device, and the imaging device outputs a picture signal corresponding to the optical image focused.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for magnetic recording which permits two information signals to be recorded so that they overlay one another. The first and second tracks cross each other without generating crosstalk during reproduction of the two information signals.

Abstract: A charging device for use in an electrophotographic apparatus is disclosed which charges, with improved efficiency and uniformity, a limited area of an electrophotosensitive member where a picture image is to be formed by corona discharge and which uniformly distributes electrostatic charges over the entire surface of the above area of the electrophotosensitive member. In the device, conductive members are disposed on both sides of a corona wire in the charging chamber to act as mating electrodes, and a mask in the form of a flexible film projects toward the opening of the chamber in such a manner as to make intimate contact with the electrophotosensitive member during charging.

Abstract: A small sized copying machine employs a film-like transparent member as a support for originals to be copied, which is maintained in close contact with the original and a photosensitive film in an exposure region. The film is exposed from behind to obtain an electrostatic latent image corresponding to said original thereon.

Abstract: An imaging system for use in an endoscope includes a vari-focal lens system provided in a viewing head to be inserted into a cavity or opening of a living body or machinery, a solid-state image sensor for imaging an image formed by the lens system to produce electrical signals representative of the image, a supporting unit for supporting the lens system and the image sensor thereon so as to change the spacing between the lens system and the image sensor on the optical axis of the lens system, and controller circuitry operable in response to magnification of the lens system for estimating the position of a focus of the lens system to control the supporting unit so as to position the image sensor substantially at the estimated position of the focus.

Abstract: A fixing apparatus for electrophotography includes a fixing drum having an infrared radiation heat source in the interior thereof and a backing roller which cooperates with the fixing drum to transport a recording sheet. The fixing drum is made of a transparent material that is permeable to infrared radiation and has an outer coating of a material that absorbs a part of the infrared radiation.

Abstract: A multicolor solid image pickup element having bonding pat portions is prepared by an on-wafer method utilizing a silver halide photographic emulsion. A solvent permeating preventing layer is formed on a solid image pickup element base plate having an array of image elements. A silver halide emulsion layer is then formed in the layer, and the emulsion layer is removed at the portions corresponding to the bonding pat portions of the base plate. A micro color filter composed of two or more color separation filter elements is then formed in the emulsion layer by applying thereto a repeating pattern exposure, followed by color development. Each of the color filter elements corresponds to each image element, and a protective layer is formed on the whole surface of the base plate. The protective layer and the solvent permeation preventing layer are then successively removed at the portions corresponding to the bonding pat portions.

Abstract: A multicolor solid image pickup element base plate having bonding pat portions is produced by an on-wafer method utilizing a silver halide photographic emulsion. A solvent permeation preventing layer is formed on a solid image pickup element base plate having an array of a number of image elements. A silver halide emulsion layer is formed on that layer. A micro color filter composed of two or more color separation filter elements is then formed on the emulsion layer. The filter is formed by repeatedly applying a pattern exposure and color development onto the emulsion layer. A protective layer is formed over the entire surface of the base plate. The protective layer, silver halide emulsion layer, and solvent permeation preventing layer are then successively removed. Blackened silver portions may be formed in the emulsion layer at portions corresponding to bonding pat portions prior to the formation of the protective layer by applying thereto a pattern exposure followed by black and white development.

Abstract: An electrophotographic copying system includes a contact reflection exposure type electrophotographic photosensitive member received in an open-bottomed portable casing to be moved back and forth with respect to the open bottom of the casing. The copying system is placed on an original to be copied with its open bottom being directed to the original. The photosensitive member is charged while in a position remote from the open bottom and then moved toward the open bottom until it is brought into contact with the original. The photosensitive member is exposed to light from the backside thereof, whereby an electrostatic latent image of the original is formed on the photosensitive member. The photosensitive member is then returned to the position remote from the open bottom of the casing and the latent image is developed to form a toner image of the original.

Abstract: A low priced multicolor optical filter having optical black and a process for producing the same are disclosed; the filter comprising a base having thereon one black-and-white silver halide emulsion layer in which at least two color dye patterns and at least one optical black area comprising silver or silver and a dye are formed.

Abstract: A process for producing a color filter plate is described, which comprisesforming a color filter pattern on a silver halide emulsion layer of a photographic material comprising a transparent support with the emulsion layer thereon, while the emulsion layer of areas to be removed is subjected to imagewise exposure, development and an etch-bleaching treatment to remove the emulsion layer of the areas,adhering a transparent plate to the emulsion layer, andabrading thereafter either the transparent support or the transparent plate to a desired thickness.

Abstract: A multicolor optical filter for, e.g., color solid image pickup elements composed of an interference filter and a dye filter united with each other in such a manner that the filter surface of the interference filter faces the filter surface of the dye filter. The dye filter is preferably prepared by developing a silver halide emulsion layer on a transparent substrate with a color developer containing a color coupler.

Abstract: A photomask-forming photographic material which comprises a transparent support having a masking layer thereon, the masking layer having thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer either directly or on at least one subbing layer on the masking layer.

Abstract: A process for forming a color filter, which comprises patternwise exposing a black-and-white silver halide emulsion layer of a photographic material comprising a support having thereon at least one black-and-white silver halide emulsion layer, developing the photographic material with a developing solution containing a color dye developer to form a pattern containing a color dye for a pattern containing at least one dye, and removing remaining silver and/or silver halide. The patternwise exposure and color coupler containing development steps can be repeated using different color couplers to produce patterns with additional color dyes.

Abstract: An image forming method comprising forming a silver image on a photographic material, which comprises a substrate having a silver halide-binder emulsion layer thereon, by exposing and developing the photographic material, heating the photographic material in a gaseous atmosphere containing oxygen until binder at developed silver image areas is substantially removed, and then dissolving away the image-forming silver to leave thermally decomposed binder at the non-silver image areas.

Abstract: A method for producing a multilayer printing plate comprising image-wise exposing and developing a light-sensitive printing plate material which comprises a support having an oleophilic surface having a hydrophilic metal layer thereon, the hydrophilic metal layer having thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer either directly or on at least one subbing layer on the hydrophilic metal layer, to form a silver image resist image corresponding to the image-wise exposure by subjecting the printing plate material to a process including baking, removing the hydrophilic metal layer at non-resist image areas to uncover the oleophilic surface thereunder, and removing the resist image, or a method for producing a multilayer printing plate comprising image-wise exposing and developing a light-sensitive printing plate material which comprises a support having a hydrophilic surface having thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer either directly or on at least one subbing layer on the hydrophilic surface to

Abstract: A method for forming an image comprising forming a silver, silver halide or binder image in the emulsion layer of a photographic material which comprises a support having a masking layer thereon which carries a silver halide emulsion layer, by exposing and developing the photographic material, heating the photograpic material to thermally decompose the binder of the emulsion layer, selectively removing the thermally decomposed emulsion layer at non-image areas to uncover the masking layer lying thereunder using a binder-removing solution, and then etching away the masking layer at the uncovered areas.

Abstract: A method for producing a multicolor optical filter, which comprises exposing a photographic material comprising a support and at least one black-and-white silver halide emulsion layer to light through a first pattern; developing the exposed emulsion layer with a first coupler-containing color developer to form a pattern of a first dye; then exposing an unexposed portion of said emulsion layer to light through a second pattern; developing the exposed area with a second coupler-containing color developer to form a pattern of a second dye; optionally repeating exposure and development to form patterns containing dyes of third and subsequent colors, thereby to form color patterns of at least two colors; and subjecting the product to a silver removal treatment after the final color development step.

Abstract: A disk-recording plate is produced by successively forming an etching layer and a laser-sensitive layer on a substrate. The assembly is exposed to the irradiation of laser beams to selectively remove the laser-sensitive layer and is then subjected to a sputter-etching treatment in an atmosphere of a reactive gas to remove the etching layer at portions corresponding to the removed portions of the laser-sensitive layer. The method permits monitoring of recording, and thus ensures accurate recording with good resolution.