Abstract: A layered catalyst composition is disclosed where the composition is prepared by bonding an outer layer comprising a bound zeolite (e.g. zeolite beta) to an inner core material (e.g. cordierite). The use of an organic bonding agent in the catalyst preparation procedure provides a composition that is sufficiently resistant to mechanical attrition to be used commercially in aromatic alkylation processes (e.g. benzene alkylation to ethylbenzene). Advantages associated with the use of layered compositions include a significant reduction in the amount of zeolite used for a given reactor loading and improved selectivity to desired alkylated aromatic products. Further benefits are realized when the layered composition is formed into shapes having a sufficiently high void volume to reduce pressure drop across the alkylation catalyst bed. This is especially relevant for operation involving high recycle rates and consequently low alkylating agent concentrations in the reaction zone.

Abstract: This invention relates to a layered catalyst composition, a process for preparing the composition and processes for using the composition. The catalyst composition comprises an inner core such as alpha-alumina, and an outer layer bonded to the inner core composed of an outer refractory inorganic oxide such as gamma-alumina. The outer layer has uniformly dispersed thereon a platinum group metal such as platinum and a promoter metal such as tin. The composition also contains a modifier metal such as lithium. The catalyst composition shows improved durability and selectivity for dehydrogenating hydrocarbons.

Abstract: This invention relates to a layered catalyst composition, a process for preparing the composition and processes for using the composition. The catalyst composition comprises an inner core such as alpha-alumina, and an outer layer bonded to the inner core composed of an outer refractory inorganic oxide such as gamma-alumina. The outer layer has uniformly dispersed thereon a platinum group metal such as platinum and a promoter metal such as tin. The composition also contains a modifier metal such as lithium. The catalyst composition shows improved durability and selectivity for dehydrogenating hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A ball joint includes a bearing seat crimped in place within a housing. A ball head of a ball stud slides in the bearing seat. A cylindrical crimpable portion of the bearing seat is inserted through a cylindrical portion of the housing. The bearing seat is fixed to the housing with two stopper portions. One of the stopper portions is formed by crimping the cylindrical crimpable portion against one of the ends of the housing. A dust cover is pushed between the ball stud and the other stopper portion. The stopper portion is enlarged outward using ultrasonic vibration. An inner side face of the cylindrical crimpable portion inclines outward at an angle ranging from 3.degree. to 20.degree. with respect to an axial direction of the cylindrical crimpable portion. A chamfered portion and rotation-stop portions, shaped like flower petals, are formed at one end of the housing.

Abstract: A rod-end bearing device includes a ball seat crimped in place within an inner chamber of a housing. A ball head of a ball stud slides in the ball seat. An insertion hole for the ball stud flares outward at its outer end. A thick pressed portion contacts the housing around the outer surface of the ball seat, near the insertion hole. An indented portion around the outer perimeter of the pressed portion adjacent the insertion hole receives an annular raised portion of a dust cover. A generally thick portion of the ball seat transmits forces from contact by the stud portion of the ball stud to the housing when the ball stud is at its maximum angular extent. The force transmission is defined by a force line from the contact point to the housing. The indented portion is located axially outward from the force line. This separation of the indented portion from the force line retains the sealing ability of the dust cover.

Abstract: A ball joint resiliently positions a portion of its hard-plastic bearing seat a short distance from a load-receiving portion of its housing. A compression load is capable of urging the bearing seat and the load-receiving portion into contact with each other to limit the load absorbed by the resilient member. This permits the resilient member to apply an appropriate bearing preload to overcome manufacturing tolerances in the parts, without requiring the resilient member to support large compression loads.

Abstract: A focal plane shutter comprising a front blade operating arm, a front blade driving arm, a single front blade driving spring stretched between both of these arms, a rear blade operating arm, a rear blade driving arm and a single rear blade driving spring stretched between both of these arms, not only the front blade group but also the rear blade group being moved to an exposure aperture covering position after the end of an exposing operation to simplify the structure of a blade actuating device. Both of these driving springs are so arranged as to be able to make the driving force acting on the driving arm stronger than on the operating arm.