Abstract: According to one embodiment, a permanent magnet is provided with a sintered body having a composition represented by R(FepMqCurCo1-p-q-r)zOw (where, R is at least one element selected from rare-earth elements, M is at least one element selected from Ti, Zr and Hf, and p, q, r, z and w are numbers satisfying 0.25?p?0.6, 0.005?q?0.1, 0.01?r?0.1, 4?z?9 and 0.005?w?0.6 in terms of atomic ratio). The sintered body has therein aggregates of oxides containing the element R dispersed substantially uniformly.

Abstract: A high-performance permanent magnet is provided. The magnet is expressed by a composition formula: RpFeqMrCutCo100-p-q-r-t. The magnet includes a sintered body including: a plurality of crystal grains each having a Th2Zn17 crystal phase; and a plurality of grain boundaries between the crystal grains. If an oxide phase of the R element is defined by a continuous region that is disposed in the sintered body and contains the R element and oxygen having a concentration of 85 atomic percent or more, a ratio of the number of the oxide phases in the grain boundaries to the number of the crystal grains is 1.1 or less.

Abstract: An magnetic material is a magnetic material expressed by a composition formula 1: (R1-xYx)aMbTc, which includes a main phase consisting of a ThMn12 type crystal phase. 30 atomic percent or more of the element M in the composition formula 1 is Fe.

Abstract: An magnetic material is a magnetic material expressed by a composition formula: (R1-xYx)aMbTcAd, which includes a main phase consisting of a ThMn12 type crystal phase. 30 atomic percent or more of the element M in the composition formula is Fe.

Abstract: A permanent magnet of an embodiment includes: a composition represented by a composition formula: R(FepMqCurCo1-p-q-r)z, where R is at least one element selected from rare-earth elements, M is at least one element selected from Zr, Ti, and Hf, and relations of 0.3?p?0.4, 0.01?q?0.05, 0.01?r?0.1, and 7?z?8.5 (atomic ratio) are satisfied; and a structure including a cell phase having a Th2Zn17 crystal phase, and a cell wall phase existing to surround the cell phase. An average magnetization of the cell wall phase is 0.2 T or less.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a permanent magnet includes a composition represented by a composition formula: R(FepMqCur(Co1-sAs)1-p-q-r)z, where, R is at least one element selected from rare earth elements, M is at least one element selected from Ti, Zr, and Hf, A is at least one element selected from Ni, V, Cr, Mn, Al, Si, Ga, Nb, Ta, and W, 0.05?p?0.6, 0.005?q?0.1, 0.01?r?0.15, 0?s?0.2, and 4?z?9, and a two-phase structure of a Th2Zn17 crystal phase and a copper-rich phase. In a cross-section of the permanent magnet containing a crystal c axis of the Th2Zn17 crystal phase, an average distance between the copper-rich phases is 120 nm or less.

Abstract: A permanent magnet of an embodiment includes a sintered compact, the sintered compact including: a composition expressed by RpFeqMrCusCo100-p-q-r-s, (R is at least one element selected from rare earth elements, M is at least one element selected from Zr, Ti, and Hf, 10.5?p?12.5 atomic %, 24?q?40 atomic %, 0.88?r?4.5 atomic %, and 3.5?s?10.7 atomic %); and a structure having crystal grains each composed of a main phase including a Th2Zn17 crystal phase, and a crystal grain boundary of the crystal grains. An average crystal grain diameter of the crystal grains is 50 ?m or more and 100 ?m or less, and a ratio of the crystal grains having a crystal grain diameter of 50 ?m or more is 75% or more.

Abstract: A permanent magnet is expressed by a composition formula: RpFeqMrCutCo100-p-q-r-t. The magnet comprises a metal structure including a main phase having a Th2Zn17 crystal phase and a grain boundary phase. The main phase includes a cell phase having the Th2Zn17 crystal phase and a Cu-rich phase. A section including a c-axis of the Th2Zn17 crystal phase has a first region in the crystal grain and a second region in the crystal grain, the first region is provided in the cell phase divided by the Cu-rich phase, the second region is provided within a range of not less than 50 nm nor more than 200 nm from the grain boundary phase in a direction perpendicular to an extension direction of the grain boundary phase, and a difference between a Cu concentration of the first region and a Cu concentration of the second region is 0.5 atomic percent or less.

Abstract: The embodiments provide a high-performance permanent magnet. The permanent magnet includes a sintered body having a composition expressed by a composition formula RpFeqMrCutCo100-p-q-r-t, with carbon in a range from 50 mass ppm to 1500 mass ppm. The sintered body also includes a metallic structure. The metallic structure includes a main phase having a Th2Zn17 crystal phase, and a secondary phase having a carbide phase of the M element of the composition formula. A ratio (I2/I1) of a maximum intensity I2 of a diffraction peak at an angle 2? in a range from 37.5 degrees to 38.5 degrees to a maximum intensity I1 of a diffraction peak at the angle 2? in a range from 32.5 degrees to 33.5 degrees is greater than 25 but no greater than 80 in an X-ray diffraction pattern obtained by applying an X-ray diffraction measuring method to the sintered body.

Abstract: The magnet has a composition expressed by RpFeqMrCutCo100-p-q-r-t. The magnet has a metallic structure including a main phase having a Th2Zn17 crystal phase. The main phase has crystal grains. 5% or less of the crystal grains having a grain diameter equal to or smaller than 10 ?m, 40% or less of the crystal grains having crystal orientation perpendicular to (001) plane of the Th2Zn17 crystal phase in a direction deviated 30 degrees or more relative to an axis of easy magnetization.

Abstract: A permanent magnet expressed by a composition formula: RpFeqMrCutCo100-p-q-r-t. The magnet comprises a metallic structure including crystal grains which constitutes a main phase having a Th2Zn17 crystal phase. An average value of Fe concentrations in the crystal grains of 20 or more is 28 atomic percent or more and an average value of R element concentrations in the crystal grains of 20 or more is 10 atomic percent or more.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a permanent magnet comprises a solution heat treatment. The solution heat treatment includes: performing a heat treatment at a temperature TST; placing a cooling member including a first layer and a second layer on the first layer between the heater and the treatment object so that the first layer faces the treatment object; and transferring the treatment object together with the cooling member to the outside of a heating chamber, and cooling the treatment object until a temperature of the treatment object becomes a temperature lower than a temperature TST?200° C. In the step of cooling the treatment object, a cooling rate until the temperature of the treatment object becomes the temperature TST?200° C. is 5° C./s or more.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a permanent magnet includes a composition represented by RpFeqMrCusCo100-p-q-r-s (R: rare earth element, M: at least one element selected from Zr, Ti and Hf, 10?p?13.5 atomic %, 28?q?40 atomic %, 0.88?r?7.2 atomic %, 4?s?13.5 atomic %), and a metallic structure in which a composition region having an Fe concentration of 28 mol % or more is a main phase. A Cu concentration in the main phase is 5 mol % or more.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a permanent magnet includes a composition of R (FepMqCur(Co1-sAs)1-p-q-r)z (R: rare earth element, M: Ti, Zr, Hf, A: Ni, V, Cr, Mn, Al, Si, Ga, Nb, Ta, W, 0.05?p 0.6, 0.005?q?0.1, 0.01?r?0.15, 0?s?0.2, 4?z?9). The permanent magnet includes a two-phase structure of a Th2Zn17 crystal phase and a copper-rich phase. An average interval between the copper-rich phases in a cross section including a crystal c axis of the Th2Zn17 crystal phase is in a range of over 120 nm and less than 500 nm.

Abstract: A permanent magnet of the embodiment includes: a composition represented by a composition formula: R(FepMqCurCtCo1-p-q-r-t)z (R is at least one element selected from rare-earth elements, M is at least one element selected from Ti, Zr and Hf, 0.27?p?0.45, 0.01?q?0.05, 0.01?r?0.1, 0.002?t?0.03, and 6?z?9); and a metallic structure including a main phase containing a Th2Zn17 crystal phase, and a sub phase of the element M having an element M concentration of 30 atomic % or more. The sub phase of the element M precipitates in the metallic structure. A ratio of a circumferential length to a precipitated area of the sub phase of the element M is 1 or more and 10 or less.

Abstract: A permanent magnet includes: a composition expressed by a composition formula: RpFeqMrCutCo100-p-q-r-t (R is at least one element selected from rare-earth elements, M is at least one element selected from Zr, Ti, and Hf, 10.5?p?12.5 at %, 23?q?40 at %, 0.88?r?4.5 at %, 4.5?t?10.7 at %); and a metal structure containing a Th2Zn17 crystal phase and a Cu-rich phase having a Cu concentration higher than that of the Th2Zn17 crystal phase. In a cross section including a c-axis of the Th2Zn17 crystal phase, a number of intersections of the Cu-rich phases existing in an area of 1 ?m square is 10 or more.

Abstract: A permanent magnet includes: a composition expressed by a composition formula: RpFeqMrCutCo100-p-q-r-t (R is at least one element selected from rare-earth elements, M is at least one element selected from Zr, Ti, and Hf, 10.5?p?12.5 at %, 23?q?40 at %, 0.88?r?4.5 at %, 4.5?t?10.7 at %); and a metal structure containing a cell phase having a Th2Zn17 crystal phase, a cell wall phase, an M-rich platelet phase formed vertically to a c-axis of the Th2Zn17 crystal phase, and a Cu-rich platelet phase formed along the M-rich platelet phase.

Abstract: The magnet has a composition expressed by RpFeqMrCutCo100-p-q-r-t. The magnet has a metallic structure including a main phase having a Th2Zn17 crystal phase. The main phase has crystal grains. 5% or less of the crystal grains having a grain diameter equal to or smaller than 10 ?m, 40% or less of the crystal grains having crystal orientation perpendicular to (001) plane of the Th2Zn17 crystal phase in a direction deviated 30 degrees or more relative to an axis of easy magnetization.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a permanent magnet includes a magnet main body and a surface portion provided on a surface of the magnet main body. The magnet main body has a composition expressed by a composition formula 1: R(Fep1Mq1Cur1Co1-p1-q1-r1)z1. The surface portion has a composition expressed by a composition formula 2: R(Fep2Mq2Cur2Co1-p2-q2-r2)z2. In the composition formulas 1 and 2, R is at least one element selected from rare earth elements, M is at least one element selected from Ti, Zr and Hf, p1 and p2 are 0.25 to 0.45, q1 and q2 are 0.01 to 0.05, r1 and r2 are 0.01 to 0.1, z1 is 6 to 9, and z2 satisfies 0.8?z2/z1?0.995.

Abstract: The embodiments provide a high-performance permanent magnet. The permanent magnet includes a sintered body having a composition expressed by a composition formula RpFeqMrCutCo100-p-q-r-t, with carbon in a range from 50 mass ppm to 1500 mass ppm. The sintered body also includes a metallic structure. The metallic structure includes a main phase having a Th2Zn17 crystal phase, and a secondary phase having a carbide phase of the M element of the composition formula. A ratio (I2/I1) of a maximum intensity I2 of a diffraction peak at an angle 2? in a range from 37.5 degrees to 38.5 degrees to a maximum intensity I1 of a diffraction peak at the angle 2? in a range from 32.5 degrees to 33.5 degrees is greater than 25 but no greater than 80 in an X-ray diffraction pattern obtained by applying an X-ray diffraction measuring method to the sintered body.