Abstract: There is disclosed a process for continuously producing a polyarylene sulfide which comprises reacting a sulfur source with a dihalogenated aromatic compound in an aprotic organic solvent, characterized by maintaining the content of the dihalogenated aromatic compound in the polymerization liquid after the substantial completion of the polymerization reaction at 5 mg/g or higher. It is made possible by the process according to the present invention to efficiently produce the polyarylene sulfide which has a high molecular weight and is excellent in thermal stability.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polycarbonate resin composition, including (1) a colored composition that comprises two types of specifically-terminated aromatic polycarbonates along with an inorganic filler added thereto, (2) a composition that comprises a polycarbonate resin terminated with a specific phenoxy group, a functional group-having silicone compound and a core/shell-type grafted rubber-like elastomer, and (3) a composition that comprises a specifically-terminated aromatic polycarbonate-polyorganosiloxane copolymer, a specifically-terminated aromatic polycarbonate and a fibril-forming polytetrafluoroethylene.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for producing a polyarylene sulfide (PAS) which comprises reacting a sulfur source with a dihalogenated aromatic compound in the presence of an aprotic organic solvent, characterized in that the process comprises at least one polymerization reaction step wherein a polymer phase as a dispersed phase is in the form of spherical droplets. It is made possible by the continuous polymerization process to discharge the polymer phase and solvent phase from a polymerization vessel at a constant ratio and as a result, to maintain PAS composition (concentration) at a constant level at all times, and thus to provide a continuous PAS production process which is effective for enhancing its molecular weight and stabilizing the same.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus is included of a pivotally rotated photosensitive drum, a developing roller for developing an electrostatic latent image formed on this photosensitive drum, and an intermediate transfer belt for temporarily holding the toner image which has been developed to be formed by the developing roller. This developing roller is equipped with a tracking roller which abuts against the photosensitive drum so as to keep a distance between the developing roller and the photosensitive drum as a constant distance. A direction of weight “a” produced by this tracking roller with respect to the photosensitive drum may be positioned within a so-called “wrap range” corresponding to an abutting range between the intermediate transfer belt and the photosensitive drum.

Abstract: A process for producing a carbonic ester, characterized in that an aromatic monohydroxy compound or an aliphatic monohydroxy compound is subjected to oxidative carbonylation with carbon monoxide and oxygen in the presence of a palladium catalyst using a compound having a carbonate bond as a reaction solvent. A process for producing a polycarbonate, characterized in that an aromatic dihydroxy compound or an aliphatic dihydroxy compound is subjected to oxidative carbonylation with carbon monoxide and oxygen in the presence of a palladium catalyst using a compound having a carbonate bond as a reaction solvent is also described. The carbonic ester can be produced with a higher yield and at a higher reaction rate and, also, a polycarbonate having a higher molecular weight as compared with the conventional method can be produced with a higher yield and at a higher reaction rate.

Abstract: Disclosed are an optical waveguide that comprises (A) a copolyester carbonate having aliphatic segment(s), and a method for producing it; and an optical waveguide made from a polycarbonate resin composition that comprises (A) a copolyester carbonate having aliphatic segment(s) and (B) an aromatic polycarbonate, and a method for producing it. The polycarbonate resin composition for the optical waveguide has the advantages of high mechanical strength and improved flowability.

Abstract: A developing device unit has a developing device unit main body which rotates about a rotary shaft. Plural developing devices are disposed on the developing device unit main body. The developing devices respectively have developing device main bodies, and developing agent cartridges containing four color developing agents are respectively loaded into the developing device main bodies. The developing agent cartridges are attached/detached in a direction substantially tangential to the rotating direction of the developing device unit main body when a grip section is gripped and operated by the operator in the case where the developing agent cartridges are at a location substantially opposite an image carrier with respect to the rotary shaft.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photosensitive drum; an exposing unit to expose the photosensitive drum to form latent images to the respective colors of one print; a developing device to develop the latent images formed on the photosensitive drum; an intermediate transfer belt abutting against the photosensitive drum, to temporarily hold a toner image; a secondary transfer roller contacted/retracted with respect to the intermediate transfer belt to transfer the toner image to a document; an intermediate transfer member cleaner contacted/retracted to/from the intermediate transfer belt to remove residual toners left on the intermediate transfer belt, wherein the secondary transfer roller contacts the intermediate transfer belt before operations of the exposing unit are accomplished with all colors of toner images in one print, and is retracted from the intermediate transfer belt before a next print is commenced.

Abstract: A developer cartridge is constituted to be mounted attachably and detachably in a direction orthogonal to a rotating shaft of a developing unit main body and the image forming apparatus main body is constituted to provide an operation hampering member for hampering at least a portion of a developer cartridge which is not disposed at the interchanging position and exposed from a space of taking out the image forming unit from being attached or detached in a state of taking out the image forming unit.

Abstract: Provided are a developer cartridge and a developing apparatus using the developer cartridge, the developer cartridge making it possible to set the amount of developers that can be received to be large even when used in a miniaturized developing device and simplify the mechanism for opening/closing a supply outlet of the developer cartridge. As a result, the developer cartridge has no wasted space and thus can be miniaturized. In order to attain the above, the present invention provides a developer cartridge including a developer receiving portion that receives a new developer and has a section formed to have a shape that occupies a substantially entire space that is allocated to the developer cartridge to be attached.

Abstract: An image forming unit includes: an image carrier that carries a toner image; an intermediate transfer member being in contact with the image carrier in an area, onto which the toner image on the image carrier is transferred; and an image carrier cleaner that cleans residual toner on the image carrier, being disposed in contact with the image carrier at a point different from the area where the intermediate transfer member is in contact therewith. Each of the image carrier, intermediate transfer member and image carrier cleaner is detachably attachable to the image forming apparatus main body.

Abstract: An image forming device includes: an image carrier that carries an image; a development unit that develops, with toners, a latent image written on the image carrier; an intermediate transfer member to which the toner images formed on the image carrier by the development unit are primarily transferred; and a fixing unit that fixes, to paper, the toner images secondarily transferred from the intermediate transfer member. The image carrier and the intermediate transfer member are unitized to configure an image forming unit, and the image forming unit is disposed in a space sandwiched between the development unit and the fixing unit. The image forming unit further includes a loading/unloading allowing unit that allows the loading/unloading of the image forming unit.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to increase the rate of conforming articles by reducing defects due to leakage of supplementary capacitances in an active-matrix liquid crystal display apparatus of a Cs on Com structure having supplementary capacitances. In a normally-white mode active-matrix liquid crystal display apparatus, a plurality of gate signal lines and source signal lines are formed so as to intersect at right angles, pixel capacitors are connected to the intersections through TFTs, and image display is performed. To the pixel capacitors, supplementary capacitances are connected in parallel. Supplementary capacitance lines are driven by a supplementary capacitance drive circuit so that a potential difference not less than a threshold value of the liquid crystal is maintained from common signal lines on a counter electrode substrate.

Abstract: An active matrix substrate includes base substrate, gate lines, data lines, thin-film transistors and pixel electrodes. The gate lines are formed on the base substrate. The data lines are formed over the gate lines. Each of the data lines crosses all of the gate lines with an insulating film interposed therebetween. The thin-film transistors are formed over the base substrate. Each of the thin-film transistors is associated with one of the gate lines and operates responsive to a signal on the associated gate line. Each of the pixel electrodes is associated with one of the data lines and one of the thin-film transistors and is electrically connectable to the associated data line by way of the associated thin-film transistor. Each of the pixel electrodes and the associated thin-film transistor are connected together by way of a conductive member.

Abstract: A switching element includes a first electrode 1 and a second electrode 2 provided apart from each other so as to run a discharge current between them, and a third electrode 3 configured to be capable of changing the difference in potential from at least one of the first and second electrodes 1 and 2, and of controlling the magnitude of the discharge current running between the first and second electrodes 1 and 2 by changing this potential difference.

Abstract: An active matrix substrate includes base substrate, gate lines, data lines, thin-film transistors and pixel electrodes. The gate lines are formed on the base substrate. The data lines are formed over the gate lines. Each of the data lines crosses all of the gate lines with an insulating film interposed therebetween. The thin-film transistors are formed over the base substrate. Each of the thin-film transistors is associated with one of the gate lines and operates responsive to a signal on the associated gate line. Each of the pixel electrodes is associated with one of the data lines and one of the thin-film transistors and is electrically connectable to the associated data line by way of the associated thin-film transistor. Each of the pixel electrodes and the associated thin-film transistor are connected together by way of a conductive member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: a photosensitive drum; an exposing unit for exposing the photosensitive drum so as to form latent images as to the respective colors of one print; a developing device for developing the latent images formed on the photosensitive drum; an intermediate transfer belt abutting against the photosensitive drum, for temporarily holding a toner image; a secondary transfer roller arranged in such a manner that the secondary transfer roller can be contacted/retracted with respect to the intermediate transfer belt so as to transfer the toner image to a document; and an intermediate transfer member cleaner arranged in such a manner that the intermediate transfer member cleaner can be contacted/retracted to/from the intermediate transfer belt 15 so as to remove residual toners left on the intermediate transfer belt.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus is included of a pivotally rotated photosensitive drum, a developing roller for developing an electrostatic latent image formed on this photosensitive drum, and an intermediate transfer belt for temporarily holding the toner image which has been developed to be formed by the developing roller. This developing roller is equipped with a tracking roller which abuts against the photosensitive drum so as to keep a distance between the developing roller and the photosensitive drum as a constant distance. A direction of weight “a” produced by this tracking roller with respect to the photosensitive drum may be positioned within a so-called “wrap range” corresponding to an abutting range between the intermediate transfer belt and the photosensitive drum.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for continuously producing a polyarylene sulfide which comprises reacting a sulfur source with a dihalogenated aromatic compound in an aprotic organic solvent, characterized by maintaining the content of the dihalogenated aromatic compound in the polymerization liquid after the substantial completion of the polymerization reaction at 5 mg/g or higher. It is made possible by the process according to the present invention to efficiently produce the polyarylene sulfide which has a high molecular weight and is excellent in thermal stability.

Abstract: There is disclosed a process for producing a polyarylene sulfide (PAS) which comprises reacting a sulfur source with a dihalogenated aromatic compound in the presence of an aprotic organic solvent, characterized in that the process comprises at least one polymerization reaction step wherein a polymer phase as a dispersed phase is in the form of spherical droplets. It is made possible by the continuous polymerization process to discharge the polymer phase and solvent phase from a polymerization vessel at a constant ratio and as a result, to maintain PAS composition (concentration) at a constant level at all times, and thus to provide a continuous PAS production process which is effective for enhancing its molecular weight and stabilizing the same.