Abstract: An active matrix is furnished with an insulating substrate; a plurality of scanning lines and signal lines provided on the insulating substrate in a matrix pattern; pixel electrodes provided in areas enclosed by the scanning lines and signal lines, respectively; switching elements electrically connected to the scanning lines, signal lines, and pixel electrodes, respectively; a resistance control element for electrically connecting two lines selected arbitrary from the scanning lines and signal lines while controlling its own resistance value in response to a voltage applied thereto. According to the above arrangement, it has become possible to increase a margin of the active matrix substrate for the static electricity and improve the production yield without increasing the number of the producing steps.

Abstract: Provided is a polyarylene sulfide resin composition of which the moldings are burred little and which has good mechanical properties and good flow moldability. The composition comprises from 20 to 90% by weight of a polyarylene sulfide and from 10 to 80% by weight of an inorganic filler, and is characterized in that its burrs are on the level of at most 120 &mgr;m, that it has a weld strength of at least 50 MPa and that the length of its spiral flow having a thickness of 1 mm is at least 100 mm. Preferably, the polyarylene sulfide to be in the composition has a specific index to the degree of branching and a specific flexural strength.

Abstract: An electro-photographic image forming apparatus forms an electrostatic latent image on a photosensitive belt and develops the electrostatic latent image with liquid toner composed of particle toners and a liquid solvent. With absorption means, whose surface is a liquid-solvent absorption layer, in pressure contact with the photosensitive belt, only the liquid solvent is recovered from the liquid toner image developed on the photosensitive belt. A dried toner image is transferred from the photosensitive belt to paper to fix the toner image thereon. The absorption means is heated by a heat source controlled by a temperature control method, which differs between the standby time and the print time, to vaporize the liquid solvent absorbed in the absorption layer. In addition, the electro-photographic image forming apparatus has means for moistening all part of the absorption means with the liquid solvent before the first image is written on the photosensitive belt.

Abstract: Provided is a polyarylene sulfide resin composition of which the moldings are burred little and which has good mechanical properties and good flow moldability. The composition comprises from 20 to 90% by weight of a polyarylene sulfide and from 10 to 80% by weight of an inorganic filler, and is characterized in that its burrs are on the level of at most 120 &mgr;m, that it has a weld strength of at least 50 MPa and that the length of its spiral flow having a thickness of 1 mm is at least 100 mm. Preferably, the polyarylene sulfide to be in the composition has a specific index to the degree of branching and a specific flexural strength.

Abstract: A digital versatile disk (DVD) excellent in transferability on injection molding, and excellent in releasability from a mold and in strength is provided. The substrate of the digital versatile disk (DVD) comprises an aromatic polycarbonate resin composition containing a fatty acid monoglyceride having from 14 to 30 carbon atoms in an amount of from 0.015 to 0.05% by weight, wherein the aromatic polycarbonate resin contains an end group, 30% by mol or more of which is a p-cumylphenoxy group and/or a p-tert-octylphenoxy group, and has a viscosity average molecular weight (Mv) of from 10,000 to 17,000. The thickness of the substrate is generally 0.6 mm or less.

Abstract: A thin-film transistor of the reversed stagger type is provided with a gate electrode, first and second gate insulating films, a semiconductor layer, separated contact layers, and source electrodes and drain electrodes, all of which are stacked on a substrate. Upon manufacturing the thin-film transistor of this type, a gap section is pattered in a single contact-material layer. In this case, the contact-material layer is patterned by a dry etching with etching gases including HCl+SF6 or CF4+O2+HCl by the use of the source electrode and drain electrode as direct masks. Upon patterning a gap section in the contact-material layer between the source electrode and the drain electrode, no dedicated resist pattern is required; therefore, it is possible to reduce the number of the processes as compared with conventional manufacturing methods. Consequently, it becomes possible to reduce the production cost of thin-film transistors and also to improve the yield of desired products.

Abstract: A branched polycarbonate resin which is prepared by using a tetrahydric phenol having a specific structure as the branching agent, has a branching agent content [branching agent/(dihydric phenol+terminating agent+branching agent)×100] of 0.05 to 0.5 mole % and satisfies the relationship: y≧11x +0.5 (wherein x is the branching agent content of the resin; and y is the melt tension (g) thereof at 280° C.); and a process for preparing a branched polycarbonate from a dihydric phenol, phosgene or a carbonic acid ester, a branching agent and an terminating agent, characterized by preparing an oligocarbonate, particularly one having chloroformate groups without the addition of the terminating agent, and then reacting the oligocarbonate with the dihydric phenol and the terminating agent.

Abstract: A cleaning mechanism for an image forming apparatus can assure stable cleaning performance, constantly maintain surface condition of an intermediate transfer body and a photoconductor to be removed an ink or the like by the intermediate transfer body clean, and thus stably obtain satisfactory quality of printed products. The cleaning mechanism has a cleaning roll being contacted with the intermediate transfer body under pressure with a predetermined load and rotated with firm contact with the intermediate transfer body for removing residual ink, toner or impurity on the intermediate transfer body after a transfer process and a sheet member being urged onto the cleaning roll for slip contact with a predetermined load.

Abstract: In producing polycarbonates through transesterification of a dicarbonate with a dihydroxy compound, a compound having a specific branched structure and serving as a chain terminator, such as 4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenol, is added to the reaction system. The polycarbonates produced in the process are molded into optical-disk substrates. The process provides polycarbonates having well-balanced fluidity and impact resistance, without requiring toxic phosgene as the starting material. The optical-disk substrates as obtained by molding the polycarbonates produced in the process have reduced birefringence and improved transcriptional ability.

Abstract: The transmission type liquid crystal display device of this invention includes: gate lines; source lines; and switching elements each arranged near a crossing of each gate line and each source line, a gate electrode of each switching element being connected to the gate line, a source electrode of the switching element being connected to the source line, and a drain electrode of the switching element being connected to a pixel electrode for applying a voltage to a liquid crystal layer, wherein an interlayer insulating film formed of an organic film with high transparency is provided above the switching element, the gate line, and the source line, and wherein the pixel electrode formed of a transparent conductive film is provided on the interlayer insulating film.

Abstract: A tetrahydric phenol having a specific structure, such as &agr;,&agr;′-dimethyl-&agr;,&agr;,&agr;′,&agr;′-tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-p-xylene, is used as the branching agent in producing a branched polycarbonate resin. The resin has a branching agent content (branching agent/(dihydric phenol+chain terminator+branching agent)×100) of from 0.01 to 0.4 mol %, and an intrinsic viscosity [&lgr;] of from 0.5 to 0.6, and is substantially free from crosslinks. The resin has such a reduced branching agent content and has good melt characteristics including high melt tension. It exhibits improved moldability in blow molding, etc., and gives good moldings especially having improved appearances and color tone.

Abstract: The transmission type liquid crystal display device of this invention includes: gate lines; source lines; and switching elements each arranged near a crossing of each gate line and each source line, a gate electrode of each switching element being connected to the gate line, a source electrode of the switching element being connected to the source line, and a drain electrode of the switching element being connected to a pixel electrode for applying a voltage to a liquid crystal layer, wherein an interlayer insulating film formed of an organic film with high transparency is provided above the switching element, the gate line, and the source line, and wherein the pixel electrode formed of a transparent conductive film is provided on the interlayer insulating film.

Abstract: A digital video disk substrate of a polycarbonate having a viscosity average molecular weight (Mv) of 10,000 to 17,000 and a weight average molecular weight (Mw)/number average molecular weight (Mn) of not smaller than 2.3, and a digital video disk substrate of a polycarbonate having a viscosity average molecular weight (Mv) of 1,000 to 17,000 obtained by the transesterification of a divalent phenol such as 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl) propane with a carbonic acid diester such as diphenyl carbonate. The digital video disk substrate is little cracked at the time of molding, and exhibits small birefringence and excellent transcriptional property.

Abstract: The transmission type liquid crystal display device of this invention includes: gate lines; source lines; and switching elements each arranged near a crossing of each gate line and each source line, a gate electrode of each switching element being connected to the gate line, a source electrode of the switching element being connected to the source line, and a drain electrode of the switching element being connected to a pixel electrode for applying a voltage to a liquid crystal layer, wherein an interlayer insulating film formed of an organic film with high transparency is provided above the switching element, the gate line, and the source line, and wherein the pixel electrode formed of a transparent conductive film is provided on the interlayer insulating film.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to attain proper display free from improper display conditions, such as crosstalk, improper contrast and uneven display. Another object is to obtain a high aperture ratio by reducing a margin for bonding. Light shielding films are used to cover the overlap portion of the source electrode and the semiconductor layer and the overlap portion of the drain electrode and the semiconductor layer of a bottom gate type TFT device, such as a staggered type. This structure can suppress off-current due to light leakage, and can prevent deterioration of display quality.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image formation apparatus including: a belt-shaped photosensitive body; an electric charger for charging the photosensitive body; an exposure device for forming an electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive body; a developing device for forming a visible image according to the electrostatic latent image; a toner supply device for supplying to the developing device a toner used for forming the visible image; an intermediate transfer roller for transferring the visible image from the photosensitive body onto a recording medium; a fixing roller for fixing the visible image which has been transferred from the intermediate transfer roller onto the recording medium; a claw member for assisting peeling off of the recording medium from the intermediate transfer roller; and a heating roller arranged so as to be in contact with a point on a non-toner side of the intermediate transfer roller, wherein the claw member is arranged so as to surround the heating roller and has a claw p

Abstract: The transmission type liquid crystal display device of this invention includes: gate lines; source lines; and switching elements each arranged near a crossing of each gate line and each source line, a gate electrode of each switching element being connected to the gate line, a source electrode of the switching element being connected to the source line, and a drain electrode of the switching element being connected to a pixel electrode for applying a voltage to a liquid crystal layer, wherein an interlayer insulating film formed of an organic film with high transparency is provided above the switching element, the gate line, and the source line, and wherein the pixel electrode formed of a transparent conductive film is provided on the interlayer insulating film.

Abstract: In a glass substrate and thin film combination, the glass substrate has a surface which is at least partially non-smooth, and the thin film is provided on the glass substrate in contact with the non-smooth part of the surface. Such a glass substrate and thin film combination is produced by forming a non-smooth part on at least a part of a surface of a glass substrate; and depositing a thin film on the glass substrate so as to be in contact with the non-smooth part.

Abstract: An active matrix substrate of the present invention includes: a substrate; a plurality of first lines formed on the substrate to be parallel to each other; an insulating film covering the first lines; a plurality of second lines formed on the substrate extending to cross the first lines with the insulating film interposed therebetween; a plurality of switching elements provided near respective crossings of the first lines and the second lines; and a plurality of pixel electrodes which are arranged in a matrix on the insulating film and which are connected to the switching elements, respectively. The insulating film is partially removed prior to forming the second lines and the pixel electrodes so that the removed portions of the insulating film correspond to the gaps.

Abstract: The active matrix liquid crystal panel of this invention includes: a plurality of scanning lines and a plurality of signal lines arranged to cross each other; a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in respective regions defined by the plurality of scanning lines and the plurality of signal lines; and a plurality of switching elements for driving the plurality of pixel electrodes, wherein each of the plurality of pixel electrodes overlaps at least one of the adjacent scanning lines and signal lines among the plurality of scanning lines and signal lines via an insulating film, and at least one of the plurality of pixel electrodes is electrically connected with the overlapped line.