Abstract: A housing has an inner wall defining an inner aperture, an outer wall defining an outer aperture, and an inlet having an inlet opening. The inner aperture and the outer aperture are aligned with other to form an optical path. A shield is non-opaque and is located on the optical path. The housing forms an inner channel to draw air from the inlet opening to pass around the shield toward the outer aperture.

Abstract: An apparatus for preparing a gas for transdermal absorption is provided with: a carbon dioxide supplying unit (1) that supplies gaseous carbon dioxide; a solvent vapor generating unit (2) that generates vapor of a solvent (20), being capable of dissolving the carbon dioxide and vaporable; and a generating unit of a gas for transdermal absorption that generates a gas for transdermal absorption containing the gaseous carbon dioxide-solvent complex by mixing the supplied carbon dioxide and the generated solvent vapor, and is characterized by being further provided with a floating liquid drop removing unit (4) that removes a floating liquid drop of the solvent (20) from the generated gas for transdermal absorption.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide administering apparatus to administer carbon dioxide to a part of the human skin that has an almost sealed Space (210) in which legs can be placed, Solvent tank (8) that reserves vaporable Solvent (8) in which carbon dioxide dissolves at the bottom of Space (210), Heating part (22) that heats up Solvent (8) in Solvent tank (23) to vaporize, Carbon dioxide supplying part (24) that supplies carbon dioxide into Space (210) above Solvent tank (23), and Adhesion part (25), to which floating droplets produced from Solvent (8) in Solvent tank (23) adhere, placed in Space (210) above Solvent tank (23). Legs can be placed in Space (210) above Adhesion part (25).

Abstract: The blade control apparatus includes outputting an instruction to operate a hydraulic cylinder, calculating a target height of the blade tip according to absolute position data, vehicle body inclination angle data, and designed surface data, acquiring target height data at a first point of time, calculating an actual height of the blade tip at the first point of time according to the absolute position data, the vehicle body inclination angle data, and the cylinder length data, and estimating an estimated height of the blade tip at a third point of time later than the first point of time, according to an instruction at a second point of time earlier than the first point of time, and actual height data of the blade tip at the first point of time or a point of time earlier than the first point of time.

Abstract: A semiconductor physical quantity sensor includes (i) a semiconductor substrate having a first conductive type, (ii) a diaphragm portion disposed in the semiconductor substrate, (iii) a sensing portion disposed in the diaphragm portion, (iv) a well layer having a second conductive type, and (v) a back flow prevention element. The well layer is disposed in a surface portion of the semiconductor substrate, and corresponds to the diaphragm portion. The back flow prevention element is provided by a MOSFET, a JFET, a MESFET, or a HEMT. The back flow prevention element includes two second conductive diffused portions and a gate electrode. The back flow prevention element is arranged on a first electrical wiring, which provides a passage for applying a predetermined voltage to the well layer from an external circuit. The back flow prevention element turns on based on a voltage applied to the gate electrode.

Abstract: A liquid medicine of the present invention comprising liquid having carbon dioxide dissolved therein, said liquid being administered by using means of liquid injection, and a method of treatment of the present invention using a liquid medicine comprising liquid having carbon dioxide dissolved therein, said liquid being administered by using means of liquid injection can reduce or eliminate tumors with few side effects. When the liquid medicine of the present invention comprising liquid having carbon dioxide dissolved therein, said liquid being administered by using means of liquid injection, and the method of treatment of the present invention using a liquid medicine comprising liquid having carbon dioxide dissolved therein, said liquid being administered by using means of liquid injection are used in combination with surgical therapy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or immunotherapy of tumors, effects can be enhanced or side effects can be reduced compared with monotherapy or multidisciplinary therapy thereof.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a base substrate made of silicon, a cap substrate and a leading electrode having a metal part. The base substrate has base semiconductor regions being insulated and separated from each other at a predetermined portion of a surface layer thereof. The cap substrate is bonded to the predetermined portion of the surface layer of the base substrate. The leading electrode has a first end connected to one of the plurality of base semiconductor regions of the base substrate and extends through the cap substrate such that a second end of the leading electrode is located adjacent to a surface of the cap substrate for allowing an electrical connection with an external part, the surface being opposite to a bonding surface at which the base substrate and the cap substrate are bonded. The leading electrode defines a groove between an outer surface thereof and the cap substrate.

Abstract: An acidic composition for external use which contains an acidic polysaccharide and water as essential ingredients, and an agent for accelerating the penetration into skin or the like of a cosmetic preparation, hair-growing agent or preparation for external use, each containing the composition. The composition is easy to manufacture, and shows a stronger cosmetic or therapeutic effects than conventional compositions.

Abstract: A region-divided substrate includes: a substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface and having a plurality of partial regions, which are divided by a plurality of trenches, wherein each trench penetrates the substrate from the first surface to the second surface; a conductive layer having an electrical conductivity higher than the substrate and disposed on a sidewall of one of the plurality of partial regions from the first surface to the second surface; and an insulator embedded in each trench.

Abstract: The present invention provides a prophylactic or therapeutic agent for fracture and bone diseases as well as a bone growth promoting agent containing carbon dioxide as an active ingredient. Further, according to the present invention, an additive or synergistic effect for preventing or treating fracture and bone diseases as well as for promoting bone growth by combining the therapeutic agent of the present invention and a bone absorption inhibitor and/or a bone formation promoter is obtained.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a base substrate made of silicon, a cap substrate and a leading electrode having a metal part. The base substrate has base semiconductor regions being insulated and separated from each other at a predetermined portion of a surface layer thereof. The cap substrate is bonded to the predetermined portion of the surface layer of the base substrate. The leading electrode has a first end connected to one of the plurality of base semiconductor regions of the base substrate Wand extends through the cap substrate such that a second end of the leading electrode is located adjacent to a surface of the cap substrate for allowing an electrical connection with an external part, the surface being opposite to a bonding surface at which the base substrate and the cap substrate are bonded. The leading electrode defines a groove between an outer surface thereof and the cap substrate.

Abstract: A semiconductor physical quantity sensor includes (i) a semiconductor substrate having a first conductive type, (ii) a diaphragm portion disposed in the semiconductor substrate, (iii) a sensing portion disposed in the diaphragm portion, (iv) a well layer having a second conductive type, and (v) a back flow prevention element. The well layer is disposed in a surface portion of the semiconductor substrate, and corresponds to the diaphragm portion. The back flow prevention element is provided by a MOSFET, a JFET, a MESFET, or a HEMT. The back flow prevention element includes two second conductive diffused portions and a gate electrode. The back flow prevention element is arranged on a first electrical wiring, which provides a passage for applying a predetermined voltage to the well layer from an external circuit. The back flow prevention element turns on based on a voltage applied to the gate electrode.

Abstract: An antitumor agent comprising carbon dioxide as an active ingredient of the present invention can reduce the tumor volume or eradicate the tumor of a patient who is difficult to take a surgical therapy, a chemotherapy, a radiation therapy or an immunotherapy. The antitumor agent comprising carbon dioxide as an active ingredient of the present invention is useful because the agent enables (1) the reduction in size or elimination of a tumor, (2) the suppression of tumor metastasis and also (3) the reduction in volume or elimination of a tumor at a part different from the part where carbon dioxide is transdermally absorbed by the transdermal absorption of carbon dioxide through the skin near the tumor or the skin far from the tumor.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a first semiconductor substrate, a second semiconductor substrate, and a sealing member. The first semiconductor substrate has a surface and includes a sensing portion on the surface side. The sensing portion has a movable portion. The first semiconductor substrate and the second semiconductor substrate are bonded together to form a stacked substrate. The stacked substrate defines a hermetically sealed space for accommodating the sensing portion between the first and second semiconductor substrates. The stacked substrate further defines a recess extending between the first semiconductor substrate and the second semiconductor substrate to penetrate an interface between the first semiconductor substrate and the second semiconductor substrate. The sealing member is located in the recess.

Abstract: A region divided substrate includes a substrate, a plurality of trenches, a conductive layer, and an insulating member. The substrate has a first surface and a second surface opposed to each other. The trenches penetrate the substrate from the first surface to the second surface and divide the substrate into a plurality of partial regions. The conductive layer is disposed on a sidewall of each of the trenches from a portion adjacent to the first surface to a portion adjacent to the second surface. The conductive layer has an electric conductivity higher than an electric conductivity of the substrate. The insulating member fills each of the trenches through the conductive layer.

Abstract: A region-divided substrate includes: a substrate having a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface and having a plurality of partial regions, which are divided by a plurality of trenches, wherein each trench penetrates the substrate from the first surface to the second surface; a conductive layer having an electrical conductivity higher than the substrate and disposed on a sidewall of one of the plurality of partial regions from the first surface to the second surface; and an insulator embedded in each trench.

Abstract: An acidic composition for external use which contains an acidic polysaccharide and water as essential ingredients, and an agent for accelerating the penetration into skin or the like of a cosmetic preparation, hair-growing agent or preparation for external use, each containing the composition. The composition is easy to manufacture, and shows a stronger cosmetic or therapeutic effects than conventional compositions.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an image forming apparatus includes: an input section, an image bearing member, a transfer member, a cleaning section, and a control section configured to calculate, if the number of continuously printed sheets in one printing job input from the input section is equal to or larger than a first number of sheets, a printing ratio of a document image of the printing job, determine on the basis of the calculated printing ratio whether the image bearing member is caused to perform rotation opposite to the rotation during the transfer, and suspend printing under execution and drive to reversely rotate the image bearing member according to a determination result.

Abstract: Use of a carbon dioxide-supplying means for muscle strengthening makes it possible conveniently to strengthen a target muscle within a short period of time merely by allowing the target site to absorb carbon dioxide without loading any mechanical burden on the target muscle. By loading a mechanical burden on the target muscle, the muscle strengthening effect can be further enhanced and an additional effect of promoting the recovery from muscle fatigue can be achieved owing to the mechanical burden. By using the carbon dioxide-supplying means for muscle strengthening as described above, it is also possible to increase cattle meat.

Abstract: An acidic composition for external use which contains an acidic polysaccharide and water as essential ingredients, and an agent for accelerating the penetration into skin or the like of a cosmetic preparation, hair-growing agent or preparation for external use, each containing the composition. The composition is easy to manufacture, and shows a stronger cosmetic or therapeutic effects than conventional compositions.