Abstract: A distributor type fuel injection pump which includes a port formed within the pressurized fuel distributing plunger with one end thereof communicating with the pump working chamber and the other end terminating in the outer periphery of said plunger, and a relief passage having one end thereof terminating in the inner peripheral wall of the plunger barrel and the other end communicating with a zone under a lower pressure.

Abstract: A distribution type fuel injection pump for use in a fuel injection combustion engine comprising a plunger capable of moving reciprocally along its axis and simultaneously rotating about its axis and a couple of members forming a cam mechanism having a first cam member and a second cam member. The first cam member is mounted on the plunger and the second cam member is mounted on a housing rotatably about its axis. The couple of cam members cause the plunger to reciprocally move while the plunger is rotating. The angular position of the second cam member about its axis can be controlled by a fuel injection timing control means in accordance with the engine speed. The second cam member can also turn about its axis so as to be adjusted in its angular position by a fuel injection timing adjustment when a selected operating condition of the engine, for example the engine start, is carried out.

Abstract: An injection timing control device for use in a distributor-type fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines, which comprises: first and second hydraulic actuatable elements adapted to be actuated by a fluid pressure proportional to engine r. p. m., the second element having a larger pressure applying area than the first element and disposed on an extension of the axis of the first element; a first spring interposed between the first and second elements for urging the elements in opposite directions to each other; a second spring for urging the second element in an opposite direction to the first element; means for limiting displacement of the second element toward the first element; and means coupling the first and second elements for relative movement thereof within a limited distance.

Abstract: A distribution type fuel injection pump comprising a plunger and a control sleeve slidably mounted on the plunger. The plunger reciprocally moves along its axis while at the same time rotating about same. The control sleeve is rotated about the plunger at the time of the starting operation of an engine. A groove is formed on the cylindrical inner wall of the control sleeve. A plurality of radial passages connected to the compression chamber of the plunger is formed in the plunger. Each of the radial passages is arranged so as to face the groove of the control sleeve at one time per one revolution of the plunger. At the time of starting the engine, the radial passages are connected to the groove of the control sleeve in the suction stroke for increasing the quantity of the fuel to be injected. Contrary to this, the radial passages are connected to the groove of the control sleeve at the beginning of the delivery stroke slightly after the engine has been started.

Abstract: A distributor type fuel injection pump which includes a relief passage having one end thereof opening in the pump working chamber and the other end communicating with a zone under a lower pressure. Said relief passage is so arranged as to be permanently kept closed by a valve means which is actuated by a valve actuating means for actuating said valve means in response to a fuel supply pressure varying as a function of the engine rotational speed, except in a predetermined low engine speed range, to obtain a decreased injection rate during idling so as to increase the injection period. Thus, the rate of combustion of the engine is reduced to minimize the combustion noise.

Abstract: An optical element is composed of a single crystal of strontium barium niobate doped with a transition metal element such as cerium, vanadium or uranium. This element has the property of undergoing very sensitively a change in its refractive index by the application of a beam of light of specific wavelength.

Abstract: A semiconductor laser device capable of emitting highly collimated beams, especially of a narrow beam divergence, is disclosed. A striped hetero-junction is formed on a predetermined semiconductor substrate by a first semiconductor layer (refractive index: n.sub.1, band gap: Eg.sub.1, thickness: d), a second semiconductor layer (n.sub.2) and a third semiconductor layer (n.sub.3), and the hetero-junction is sandwiched between portions of a fourth semiconductor layer (n.sub.4, Eg.sub.4) into a buried structure. At this time, the various materials are selected to follow the relations of d.ltoreq..lambda. (where .lambda. denotes the oscillation wavelength of the semiconductor laser), n.sub.2, n.sub.3 <n.sub.4 <n.sub.1, and Eg.sub.1 <Eg.sub.4, and the effective refractive index of the first semiconductor layer (n.sub.1eq) is made smaller than n.sub.4.

Abstract: A fuel supply pump supplies fuel from a fuel reservoir to a fuel injection pump which comprises a piston for injecting fuel from a fuel injection nozzle into an internal combustion engine. The piston is reciprocated for fuel injection by an engine driven rotary cam. The fuel injection pump further comprises a fuel control sleeve which is positioned by flyweights to control the fuel injection volume in accordance with the engine speed. A modulator valve is actuated by the flyweights to control the supply pump pressure in accordance with engine speed. A fuel injection timing means is responsive to the modulated supply pump pressure to control the angular relationship between the engine crankshaft and the rotary cam and thereby the fuel injection timing in accordance with the modulated pressure.

Abstract: A fuel injection timing control device for an engine comprises a control member which is mechanically connected to a fuel injection pump to control the injection timing or advance angle. The output pressure of an engine driven low pressure supply pump for the fuel injection pump is balanced against the force of a spring by means of first piston which is connected to position the control member. A second piston and spring combination is exposed to the supply pump pressure in such a manner that the second piston engages with and moves the first piston and thereby the control member to a timing advance position when the engine is being started and the engine speed and the supply pump pressure are very low in order to reduce the emission of pollutants.

Abstract: In one form of the invention, a rotatable and axially slidable plunger mounted within a fixed cylindrical plunger barrel forms with the barrel the casing bore and a spring biased electromagnetically driven axially slidable cut off sleeve, a dash pot chamber including a narrow radial gap between the cut off barrel and the pump casing body. The high pressure cut-off fuel may be directed to the chamber. Alternatively, the cut-off fuel may be directed to impact a deflector to produce an axial force modulating axial shift of the sleeve.

Abstract: A plunger is reciprocable in a barrel to force fuel to the injection nozzles. The portion of the barrel defining with the plunger the compression chamber is movable and is formed with a port leading to the unpressurized fuel reservoir in such a manner that the plunger uncovers the port at the end of its fuel injection stroke to overflow fuel from the compression chamber to the reservoir and terminate fuel injection. The position of the movable portion of the barrel and thereby the port relative to the plunger determines the fuel injection volume. A closed loop electronic servo system is provided to position the movable part of the barrel in accordance with the required fuel injection volume.

Abstract: A method of producing the single crystals of the gadolinium molybdate family having a high transmission and low threshold field, comprising the step of growing a single crystal from a melt of the gadolinium molybdate family by a crystal pulling technique, the step of cooling slowly the single crystal in a temperature range of from immediately below a melting point to a segregation temperature of .alpha. phase of the single crystal and the further step of cooling under such cooling conditions that the .alpha. phase is not segregated and the value of the threshold field of the single crystal is not made large in a temperature range of below the segregation temperature of the .alpha. phase.

Abstract: In one form of the invention, a rotatable and axially slidable plunger mounted within a fixed cylindrical plunger barrel forms with the barrel the casing bore and a spring biased electromagnetically driven axially slidable cut off sleeve, a dash pot chamber including a narrow radial gap between the cut off barrel and the pump casing body. The high pressure cut-off fuel may be directed to the chamber. Alternatively, the cut-off fuel may be directed to impact a deflector to produce an axial force modulating axial shift of the sleeve.

Abstract: A process comprising extracting the blood of horseshoe crabs (Limulina) into an isotonic buffer solution containing an agent which inhibits the agglutination of amebocyte, separating the amebocyte from said solution, breaking the amebocyte, and recovering Limulina lysate, which is characterized in that methyl derivatives of xanthine such as theophyline, theobromine, or caffeine, or their salts, are used as the amebocyte's agglutination-inhibiting agent is disclosed.