Abstract: A battery includes an anode having an alkali metal as the active material, a cathode having, for example, iron disulfide as the active material, and an increased electrolyte volume.

Abstract: The invention is directed toward a primary AA alkaline battery. The primary AA alkaline battery includes an anode; a cathode; an electrolyte; and a separator between the anode and the cathode. The anode includes an electrochemically active anode material. The cathode includes an electrochemically active cathode material. The electrolyte includes potassium hydroxide. The primary AA alkaline battery has an integrated in-cell ionic resistance (Ri) at 22° C. of less than about 39 m?. The separator has a porosity of greater than 70%.

Abstract: The invention is directed toward a primary AAA alkaline battery. The primary AAA alkaline battery includes an anode; a cathode; an electrolyte; and a separator between the anode and the cathode. The anode includes an electrochemically active anode material. The cathode includes an electrochemically active cathode material. The electrolyte includes a hydroxide. The primary AA alkaline battery has an integrated in-cell ionic resistance (Ri) at 22° C. of less than about 39 m?.

Abstract: The invention is directed toward a primary AA alkaline battery. The primary AA alkaline battery includes an anode; a cathode; an electrolyte; and a separator between the anode and the cathode. The anode includes an electrochemically active anode material. The cathode includes an electrochemically active cathode material. The electrolyte includes a hydroxide. The primary AA alkaline battery has an integrated in-cell ionic resistance (Ri) at 22° C. of less than about 39 m?.

Abstract: A computer-based method for creating a high fidelity page layout document is provided. The method includes assigning an identifier to each element of a plurality of elements in a reflowable document, creating a fixed page layout document, including the identifiers, from the reflowable document, parsing the fixed page layout document into a plurality of elements based on the identifiers, each element being associated with an identifier, linking the elements of the reflowable document to the elements of the fixed page layout document based on the identifiers, and creating a final document based on the reflowable document, the fixed page layout document and the identifiers, each element of the final document having a fixed position on a page.

Abstract: The invention is directed toward a primary AA alkaline battery. The primary AA alkaline battery includes an anode; a cathode; an electrolyte; and a separator between the anode and the cathode. The anode includes an electrochemically active anode material. The cathode includes an electrochemically active cathode material. The electrolyte includes potassium hydroxide. The primary AA alkaline battery has an integrated in-cell ionic resistance (Ri) at 22° C. of less than about 39 m?. The separator has a porosity of greater than 70%.

Abstract: A method for modifying a computer-based card game via changing probability of picking one or more cards from a deck or decks of cards.

Abstract: The invention is directed toward a primary AA alkaline battery. The primary AA alkaline battery includes an anode; a cathode; an electrolyte; and a separator between the anode and the cathode. The anode includes an electrochemically active anode material. The cathode includes an electrochemically active cathode material. The electrolyte includes potassium hydroxide. The primary AA alkaline battery has an integrated in-cell ionic resistance (Ri) at 22° C. of less than about 39 m?. The electrochemically active cathode material includes electrolytic manganese dioxide. The electrolytic manganese dioxide has a specific cathode loading from about 2.9 g/cm3 to about 3.45 g/cm3. The separator has a porosity of greater than 75%.

Abstract: A battery cell comprising a composite water-responsive safety layer and/or composite water- and pH-responsive safety layer to protect against tissue damage and/or electrolysis, when the battery cell is exposed to aqueous solution or tissue, is provided.

Abstract: A battery cell comprising a composite water-responsive safety layer and/or composite water- and pH-responsive safety layer to protect against tissue damage and/or electrolysis, when the battery cell is exposed to aqueous solution or tissue, is provided.

Abstract: The invention is directed toward a primary AA alkaline battery. The primary AA alkaline battery includes an anode; a cathode; an electrolyte; and a separator between the anode and the cathode. The anode includes an electrochemically active anode material. The cathode includes an electrochemically active cathode material. The electrolyte includes potassium hydroxide. The primary AA alkaline battery has an integrated in-cell ionic resistance (Ri) at 22° C. of less than about 39 m?. The electrochemically active cathode material includes electrolytic manganese dioxide. The electrolytic manganese dioxide has a specific cathode loading from about 2.9 g/cm3 to about 3.45 g/cm3. The separator has a porosity of greater than 75%.

Abstract: An alkaline electrochemical cell having an anode including electrochemically active anode material, a cathode including electrochemically active cathode material, a separator between the anode and the cathode, and an electrolyte. The electrolyte includes a hydroxide dissolved in water. The separator in combination with the electrolyte has an initial area-specific resistance between about 100 mOhm-cm2 and about 220 mOhm-cm2.

Abstract: The invention is directed toward a primary AA alkaline battery. The primary AA alkaline battery includes an anode; a cathode; an electrolyte; and a separator between the anode and the cathode. The anode includes an electrochemically active anode material. The cathode includes an electrochemically active cathode material. The electrolyte includes potassium hydroxide. The primary AA alkaline battery has an integrated in-cell ionic resistance (Ri) at 22° C. of less than about 39 m?. The electrochemically active cathode material includes electrolytic manganese dioxide. The electrolytic manganese dioxide has a specific cathode loading from about 2.9 g/cm3 to about 3.45 g/cm3. The separator has a porosity of greater than 75%.

Abstract: An alkaline electrochemical cell having an anode including electrochemically active anode material, a cathode including electrochemically active cathode material, a separator between the anode and the cathode, and an electrolyte. The electrolyte includes a hydroxide dissolved in water. The separator in combination with the electrolyte has an initial area-specific resistance between about 100 mOhm-cm2 and about 220 mOhm-cm2.

Abstract: The invention is directed towards a battery condition indicator. The battery condition indicator includes at least one indicator electrode, a counter electrode for the at least one indicator electrode, and a separator that is combined with an electrolyte. The at least one indicator electrode is in electrical connection with a first terminal of a battery. The at least one indicator electrode includes at least one redox material. The counter electrode is a second terminal of the battery. The separator that is combined with electrolyte is positioned between the at least one indicator electrode and the counter electrode.

Abstract: A secondary electrochemical cell comprises an anode, a cathode including electrochemically active cathode material, a separator between the anode and the cathode, and an electrolyte. The electrolyte comprises at least one salt dissolved in at least one organic solvent. The separator in combination with the electrolyte has an area-specific resistance of less than about 2 ohm-cm2.

Abstract: An alkaline electrochemical cell having an anode including electrochemically active anode material, a cathode including electrochemically active cathode material, a separator between the anode and the cathode, and an electrolyte. The electrolyte includes a hydroxide dissolved in water. The separator in combination with the electrolyte has an initial area-specific resistance between about 100 mOhm-cm2 and about 220 mOhm-cm2.

Abstract: A computer-based method for creating a high fidelity page layout document is provided. The method includes assigning an identifier to each element of a plurality of elements in a reflowable document, creating a fixed page layout document, including the identifiers, from the reflowable document, parsing the fixed page layout document into a plurality of elements based on the identifiers, each element being associated with an identifier, linking the elements of the reflowable document to the elements of the fixed page layout document based on the identifiers, and creating a final document based on the reflowable document, the fixed page layout document and the identifiers, each element of the final document having a fixed position on a page.

Abstract: The invention is directed toward a primary AA alkaline battery. The primary AA alkaline battery includes an anode; a cathode; an electrolyte; and a separator between the anode and the cathode. The anode includes an electrochemically active anode material. The cathode includes an electrochemically active cathode material. The electrolyte includes potassium hydroxide. The primary AA alkaline battery has an integrated in-cell ionic resistance (Ri) at 22° C. of less than about 39 m?. The electrochemically active cathode material includes electrolytic manganese dioxide. The electrolytic manganese dioxide has a specific cathode loading from about 2.9 g/cm3 to about 3.45 g/cm3. The separator has a porosity of greater than 75%.

Abstract: The invention is directed towards a battery condition indicator. The battery condition indicator includes at least one indicator electrode, a counter electrode for the at least one indicator electrode, and a separator that is combined with an electrolyte. The at least one indicator electrode is in electrical connection with a first terminal of a battery. The at least one indicator electrode includes at least one redox material. The counter electrode is a second terminal of the battery. The separator that is combined with electrolyte is positioned between the at least one indicator electrode and the counter electrode.