Abstract: An alkaline electrochemical cell having an anode including electrochemically active anode material, a cathode including electrochemically active cathode material, a separator between the anode and the cathode, and an electrolyte. The electrolyte includes a hydroxide dissolved in water. The separator in combination with the electrolyte has an initial area-specific resistance between about 100 mOhm-cm2 and about 220 mOhm-cm2.

Abstract: A computer-based method for creating a high fidelity page layout document is provided. The method includes assigning an identifier to each element of a plurality of elements in a reflowable document, creating a fixed page layout document, including the identifiers, from the reflowable document, parsing the fixed page layout document into a plurality of elements based on the identifiers, each element being associated with an identifier, linking the elements of the reflowable document to the elements of the fixed page layout document based on the identifiers, and creating a final document based on the reflowable document, the fixed page layout document and the identifiers, each element of the final document having a fixed position on a page.

Abstract: The invention is directed toward a primary AA alkaline battery. The primary AA alkaline battery includes an anode; a cathode; an electrolyte; and a separator between the anode and the cathode. The anode includes an electrochemically active anode material. The cathode includes an electrochemically active cathode material. The electrolyte includes potassium hydroxide. The primary AA alkaline battery has an integrated in-cell ionic resistance (Ri) at 22° C. of less than about 39 m?. The electrochemically active cathode material includes electrolytic manganese dioxide. The electrolytic manganese dioxide has a specific cathode loading from about 2.9 g/cm3 to about 3.45 g/cm3. The separator has a porosity of greater than 75%.

Abstract: The invention is directed towards a battery condition indicator. The battery condition indicator includes at least one indicator electrode, a counter electrode for the at least one indicator electrode, and a separator that is combined with an electrolyte. The at least one indicator electrode is in electrical connection with a first terminal of a battery. The at least one indicator electrode includes at least one redox material. The counter electrode is a second terminal of the battery. The separator that is combined with electrolyte is positioned between the at least one indicator electrode and the counter electrode.

Abstract: An alkaline electrochemical cell having an anode including electrochemically active anode material, a cathode including electrochemically active cathode material, a separator between the anode and the cathode, and an electrolyte. The electrolyte includes a hydroxide dissolved in water. The separator in combination with the electrolyte has an initial area-specific resistance between about 100 mOhm-cm2 and about 220 mOhm-cm2.

Abstract: A primary cell having an anode comprising lithium or lithium alloy and a cathode comprising iron disulfide (FeS2) or a mixture of iron disulfide (FeS2) and iron sulfide (FeS) and conductive carbon particles. A cathode slurry is prepared comprising the FeS2 or FeS2 plus FeS powder, conductive carbon, binder, and a solvent. The binder is preferably a styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene (SEBS) block copolymer. There is an advantage discovered in utilizing a hydronaphthalene solvent to form the cathode slurry. The preferred solvent is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene or decahydronaphthalene and mixtures thereof. The slurry mixture is coated onto a conductive substrate and the solvent evaporated leaving a dry cathode coating on the substrate. Higher drying temperature may be used resulting in a dry cathode coating which resists cracking. The anode and cathode can be spirally wound with separator therebetween and inserted into the cell casing with electrolyte then added.

Abstract: A primary electrochemical cell having an anode comprising lithium and a cathode comprising iron disulfide (FeS2) and carbon particles. The cell is balanced so that the anode is in theoretical capacity excess (mAmp-hrs) compared to the theoretical capacity of the cathode. The anode and cathode can be spirally wound with separator therebetween and inserted into the cell casing with electrolyte then added. The electrolyte comprises a lithium salt dissolved in organic solvent.

Abstract: An alkaline electrochemical cell having an anode including electrochemically active anode material, a cathode including electrochemically active cathode material, a separator between the anode and the cathode, and an electrolyte. The electrolyte includes a hydroxide dissolved in water. The separator in combination with the electrolyte has an initial area-specific resistance between about 100 mOhm-cm2 and about 220 mOhm-cm2.

Abstract: A battery includes an anode having an alkali metal as the active material, a cathode having, for example, iron disulfide as the active material, and an increased electrolyte volume.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and other embodiments associated with search result ranking with certainty weighting are described. In one embodiment, a method includes receiving a search string being input to a search system to retrieve stored artifacts relevant to the search string. A first certainty level associated with a first portion of the search string is determined and a second certainty level associated with a second portion of the search string is determined. Artifacts retrieved by execution of the search string are ranked to produce a search result. The ranking is based, at least in part, on whether a retrieved artifact is relevant to the first portion or the second portion of the search string.

Abstract: A primary electrochemical cell having an anode comprising lithium and a cathode comprising iron disulfide (FeS2) and carbon particles. The cell is balanced so that the anode is in theoretical capacity excess (mAmp-hrs) compared to the theoretical capacity of the cathode. The anode and cathode can be spirally wound with separator therebetween and inserted into the cell casing with electrolyte then added. The electrolyte comprises a lithium salt dissolved in organic solvent.

Abstract: A primary electrochemical cell having an anode comprising lithium and a cathode comprising iron disulfide (FeS2) and carbon particles. The cell is balanced so that the anode is in theoretical capacity excess (mAmp-hrs) compared to the theoretical capacity of the cathode. The anode and cathode can be spirally wound with separator therebetween and inserted into the cell casing with electrolyte then added. The electrolyte comprises a lithium salt dissolved in organic solvent.

Abstract: A secondary electrochemical cell comprises an anode, a cathode including electrochemically active cathode material, a separator between the anode and the cathode, and an electrolyte. The electrolyte comprises at least one salt dissolved in at least one organic solvent. The separator in combination with the electrolyte has an area-specific resistance of less than about 2 ohm-cm2.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell includes a cathode containing an aluminum current collector, a positive lead coupled to the cathode current collector an anode, and an electrolyte including from greater than 0.075 M to less than 0.2 M of a bis(oxalate)borate salt and a second lithium salt. The positive lead may include a metal selected from aluminum, titanium, and steel. The anode may include lithium, graphite, and a lithiated metal oxide. The aluminum current collector has an aluminum surface having at least one dimension greater than 1 millimeter.

Abstract: A primary cell having an anode comprising lithium or lithium alloy and a cathode comprising iron disulfide (FeS2) and carbon particles. The electrolyte comprises a lithium salt dissolved in an organic solvent mixture. The electrolyte contains between about 100 and 2000 parts by weight water per million parts by weight (ppm) electrolyte therein. The electrolyte may contain between about 200 and 2000, or between about 500 and 2000 parts by weight water per million parts by weight electrolyte. A cathode slurry is prepared comprising iron disulfide powder, carbon, binder, and a liquid solvent. The mixture is coated onto a conductive substrate and solvent evaporated leaving a dry cathode coating on the substrate. The anode and cathode can be spirally wound with separator therebetween and inserted into the cell casing with electrolyte then added.

Abstract: A primary cell having an anode comprising lithium and a cathode comprising iron disulfide (FeS2) and carbon particles. The electrolyte comprises a lithium salt dissolved in a solvent mixture. Iron disulfide powder and carbon black is preferably premixed and stored. A cathode slurry is prepared comprising iron disulfide, carbon black, binder, and a liquid solvent. The mixture is coated onto a substrate and solvent evaporated leaving a dry cathode coating on the substrate. The cathode coating is then baked at elevated temperatures in atmosphere under partial vacuum or in an atmosphere of nitrogen or inert gas. The anode and cathode can be spirally wound with separator therebetween and inserted into the cell casing with electrolyte then added.

Abstract: A primary lithium battery can include a current collector that includes aluminum, a positive lead that includes aluminum, or both. The aluminum battery components can have high mechanical strength and low electrical resistance.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and other embodiments associated with search result ranking with certainty weighting are described. In one embodiment, a method includes receiving a search string being input to a search system to retrieve stored artifacts relevant to the search string. A first certainty level associated with a first portion of the search string is determined and a second certainty level associated with a second portion of the search string is determined. Artifacts retrieved by execution of the search string are ranked to produce a search result. The ranking is based, at least in part, on whether a retrieved artifact is relevant to the first portion or the second portion of the search string.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell is described. The electrochemical cell includes an anode, a cathode, a separator between said anode and said cathode, and an electrolyte. The electrolyte includes a salt dissolved in an organic solvent. The separator in combination with the electrolyte has an area specific resistance less than 2 ohm-cm2. The electrochemical cell has an interfacial anode to cathode ratio of less than about 1.1.

Abstract: Electrochemical cells are disclosed. In some embodiments, an electrochemical cell includes an electrolyte that contains a bis(oxalato)borate salt.