Abstract: A memory cell including a substrate with a protruding portion, the protruding portion having a side wall and a bottom, an upper doped region connected to a bit line, a lower region being closer to a bottom of the protruding portion than the upper region, a substrate contact, a control element configured to control a current flow between the lower region and the substrate contact, and a wordline portion, a first insulator near the wordline portion, a floating gate near the wordline portion, and a second insulator between the floating gate and the side wall of the protruding portion, wherein the wordline portion and the floating gate are arranged so that the channel is generate-able in the substrate near the side wall between the upper doped region and the lower region.

Abstract: Search results may be provided to a user. A search query may be received from the user. A query feature vector may be formed for the search query. The query feature vector may be compared with news feature vectors associated with documents related to current events. An augmented query feature vector may be formed based on results of the comparison of the query feature vector with the news feature vectors. The augmented query feature vector may be compared with feature vectors related to target documents. Search results that include target documents may be identified based on results of the comparison of the augmented query feature vector with the feature vectors related to the target documents. The user may be made able to perceive at least some of the identified search results.

Abstract: The present invention is to a packer plug that can be tripped into a particular location in a well bore and set using slips or expansion rings and packer elements. The plug presents little flow resistance because of its wide inner diameter throat through the mandrel. A ball seat at an upper end allows for the sealing of the interior passage. The ball can be flowed upward or dissolved to remove the seal and allow flow through the plug.

Abstract: A composite wafer is manufactured by providing a carrier wafer including graphite and a protective layer, forming a bonding layer, and bonding the carrier wafer to a semiconductor wafer through the bonding layer.

Abstract: A packer tool is provided having a moveable, resizeable or dissolvable ball seat. In the process of fracking, it is expensive to run tools into and out of the well. It is therefore desirable to run in tools that can serve multiple purposes during the fracking process. The present invention in at least one embodiment is therefore to a packer tool that can be used to seal a well bore and when the ball is removed presents only a small resistance to the production flow up through the plug. The removal of the ball is facilitated by removing the ball seat as an obstacle to the upward flow of the ball by dissolving, moving or resizing the ball seat.

Abstract: The present invention is to a packer plug that can be tripped into a particular location in a well bore and set using slips rings and packer elements. The plug presents little flow resistance because of its wide inner diameter throat through the mandrel. A ball seat at an upper end allows for the sealing of the interior passage. The ball can be flowed upward or dissolved to remove the seal and allow flow through the plug. A slip ring can be used in place of slips to reduce the overall length of the packer plug.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a composite wafer includes a carrier substrate having a graphite layer and a monocrystalline semiconductor layer attached to the carrier substrate.

Abstract: Collecting and distributing information related to recent content publication activity of an instant messaging (IM) user provides other users in a network with timely, relevant information about people known to the user or within the same social network. A user participating in a social network can quickly and efficiently perceive new information related to other users (referred to as co-users) in a social network by reviewing the co-users' recent content publication activity. A user may be made able to do so without requiring the co-user to send a communication directly to the user regarding the new facts or new content, and also without requiring the user to actively browse or request information about the co-user.

Abstract: A clamp for securing a tubular or hose-shaped object on a support. The clamp includes a clamp jacket having first and second ends, wherein a first leg protrudes from the first end of the clamp jacket and a second leg projects from the second end of the clamp jacket. The first leg has a lug which in the open state protrudes in the direction of the second leg. The second leg includes a fastening section which can be inserted into a gap between the lug and a neighboring portion of the first leg located opposite the lug, wherein, in the closed state of the clamp, the lug is plastically deformed toward the outer side of the fastening section facing away from the first leg.

Abstract: The present invention is a valve tool utilized for hydraulically fracturing multiple zones in an oil and gas well without perforating the cement casing. An oil/gas well completion method involves the use of a valve that is installed as part of the casing string of the well. A mandrel-less casing provides for cement flow within the casing when the valve element is in a closed position and allows for axial flow of fracturing fluid through the cement casing to fracture the formation near the valve when the sleeve is open. The invention disclosed herein is an improved valve used in this process.

Abstract: The present invention is a valve tool utilized for hydraulically fracturing multiple zones in an oil and gas well without perforating the cement casing. An oil/gas well completion method involves the use of a valve that is installed as part of the casing string of the well. A mandrel-less casing provides for cement flow within the casing when the valve element is in a closed position and allows for axial flow of fracturing fluid through the cement casing to fracture the formation near the valve when the sleeve is open. The invention disclosed herein is an improved valve used in this process.

Abstract: A presentation of search results may be improved. An indication that identifies a user may be received. A search authority model may be formed to represent information related to the user. A search query may be received from a searching user. Search results may be determined based on the terms included within the search query and the search results may be ranked or grouped based on the search authority model. Additionally, or alternatively, the search query may be adjusted based on the search authority model and search results may be determined based on the adjusted search query. In either case, the search results may be made perceivable to the searching user.

Abstract: Collecting and distributing information related to recent content publication activity of an instant messaging (IM) user provides other users in a network with timely, relevant information about people known to the user or within the same social network. A user participating in a social network can quickly and efficiently perceive new information related to other users (referred to as co-users) in a social network by reviewing the co-users' recent content publication activity. A user may be made able to do so without requiring the co-user to send a communication directly to the user regarding the new facts or new content, and also without requiring the user to actively browse or request information about the co-user.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a composite wafer includes a carrier substrate having a graphite layer and a monocrystalline semiconductor layer attached to the carrier substrate.

Abstract: A presentation of search results may be improved. An indication that identifies a user may be received. A search authority model may be formed to represent information related to the user. A search query may be received from a searching user. Search results may be determined based on the terms included within the search query and the search results may be ranked or grouped based on the search authority model. Additionally, or alternatively, the search query may be adjusted based on the search authority model and search results may be determined based on the adjusted search query. In either case, the search results may be made perceivable to the searching user.

Abstract: Collecting and distributing information related to recent content publication activity of an instant messaging (IM) user provides other users in a network with timely, relevant information about people known to the user or within the same social network. A user participating in a social network can quickly and efficiently perceive new information related to other users (referred to as co-users) in a social network by reviewing the co-users' recent content publication activity. A user may be made able to do so without requiring the co-user to send a communication directly to the user regarding the new facts or new content, and also without requiring the user to actively browse or request information about the co-user.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a composite wafer includes a carrier substrate having a graphite layer and a monocrystalline semiconductor layer attached to the carrier substrate.

Abstract: Search results may be provided to a user. A search query may be received from the user. A query feature vector may be formed for the search query. The query feature vector may be compared with news feature vectors associated with documents related to current events. An augmented query feature vector may be formed based on results of the comparison of the query feature vector with the news feature vectors. The augmented query feature vector may be compared with feature vectors related to target documents. Search results that include target documents may be identified based on results of the comparison of the augmented query feature vector with the feature vectors related to the target documents. The user may be made able to perceive at least some of the identified search results.

Abstract: Search results may be provided to a user. A search query may be received from the user. A query feature vector may be formed for the search query. The query feature vector may be compared with news feature vectors associated with documents related to current events. An augmented query feature vector may be formed based on results of the comparison of the query feature vector with the news feature vectors. The augmented query feature vector may be compared with feature vectors related to target documents. Search results that include target documents may be identified based on results of the comparison of the augmented query feature vector with the feature vectors related to the target documents. The user may be made able to perceive at least some of the identified search results.

Abstract: One or more embodiments may be related to a method of operating a phase-change memory element, comprising: providing the phase-change memory element, the phase-change memory element having a first terminal and a second terminal; causing a first current through the memory element from the first terminal to the second terminal; and causing a second current through the memory element from the second terminal to the first terminal, wherein the causing the first current programs the memory element from a first resistance state to a second resistance state and the causing the second current programs the memory element from the first resistance state to the second resistance state.