Abstract: Techniques for providing dynamic and secure real-time notifications in messages are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a method comprises: storing a count of notifications associated with a user; transmitting a message to a messaging client of a device of the user, the message being configured to trigger the messaging client to transmit a request in response to the message being opened; updating the count of notifications after the transmission of the message; receiving the request from the messaging client based on the message having been opened; in response to receiving the request, determining the changed count of notifications; retrieving an image from a database of images based on the changed count of notifications, the image indicating the changed count of notifications; and transmitting the image to the messaging client for display in the opened message.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an electrolyte membrane for fuel cells having improved chemical durability and a method of manufacturing the same. Specifically, the method includes preparing a polymer film, depositing catalyst metal on one surface or opposite surfaces of the polymer film to obtain a reinforcement layer, and impregnating the reinforcement layer with an ionomer to obtain an electrolyte membrane.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to providing an electrode assembly which improves the thermal safety of a battery by preventing shrinking of a separator adjacent to electrode tabs. The electrode assembly includes a positive electrode plate having a positive electrode tab at one end thereof, a negative electrode plate having a negative electrode tab at one end thereof, and a separator interposed between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, wherein the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are stacked so that each of the tabs may be positioned in the same direction, and the separator has a gradient in thickness so that the thickness of one side having the electrode tabs are larger than that of the other side.

Abstract: Disclosed are a catalyst complex and a method of manufacturing the same. The catalyst complex may be manufactured by uniformly depositing metal catalyst particles on pretreated support particles through an atomic layer deposition process using a fluidized-bed reactor, which may be then uniformly dispersed throughout the ionomer solution. As such, manufacturing costs may be reduced due to the use of a small amount of metal catalyst particles and the durability of an electrolyte membrane and OCV may increase. Further disclosed are a method of manufacturing the catalyst complex, an electrolyte membrane including the catalyst complex, and a method of manufacturing the electrolyte membrane.

Abstract: Disclosed are an electrolyte membrane of a membrane-electrode assembly including an electronic insulation layer, which greatly improves the durability of the electrolyte membrane, and a method of preparing the same. The electrolyte membrane includes an ion exchange layer and an electronic insulation layer provided on the ion exchange layer, and the electronic insulation layer includes one or more catalyst complexes, and a second ionomer Particularly, each of the one or more catalyst complex includes a catalyst particle and a first ionomer coated on the entirety or a portion of the surface of the catalyst particle, and the one or more catalyst complexes are dispersed the second ionomer.

Abstract: A punching system for an electrode base material is disclosed, in which the electrode base material coated with an active material on a surface of a collector is molded or cut in a predetermined shape. The punching system comprises: an unwinder on which the electrode base material in the form of a roll is mounted and around which the electrode base material is unwound; a punching device spaced a predetermined distance from the unwinder, the punching device being configured to mold or cut the electrode base material supplied from the unwinder in a predetermined shape; and a curl correcting device disposed between the unwinder and the punching device to inject or suction air onto a surface of the electrode base material while the electrode base material moves to the punching device so as to planarize the electrode base material. A punching method for an electrode base material is also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a secondary battery. The secondary battery includes an electrode assembly having a plurality of unit electrode bodies, each electrode body including a positive electrode plate having a plurality of positive electrode uneven grooves into which a positive electrode active material is inserted, a negative electrode plate having a plurality of negative electrode uneven grooves located to face the positive electrode uneven grooves so that a negative electrode active material is inserted therein, and a unit separator interposed between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate; and a case having an accommodation portion in which the electrode assembly and an electrolyte are accommodated, wherein the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are symmetrical to each other on the basis of the unit separator.

Abstract: A negative electrode including: a current collector; a first negative electrode active material layer positioned on at least one surface of the current collector for a negative electrode and containing a first carbonaceous active material; and a second negative electrode active material layer positioned on a surface of the first negative electrode active material layer and containing a silicon-based active material and carbon nanotubes. A lithium secondary battery including the negative electrode is also disclosed.

Abstract: An antimicrobial peptide has the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, except that i) the 1st and the 14th amino acids are deleted, ii) the 4th and the 8th amino acids are substituted with lysine (K), iii) the 7th amino acid is substituted with leucine (L), iv) the 9th amino acid is substituted with glycine (G) or lycine (K), and v) the 12th amino acid is substituted with serine (S) or lycine (K). A method for antimicrobial treatment in a subject including administering a pharmaceutically effective amount of the antimicrobial peptide to a subject.

Abstract: An optical phased array (OPA) may be included in a light detection and ranging (LiDAR) system and may be configured to perform beam steering. The OPA may include a cascading structure of splitters configured to enable a branch operation to be performed M times. Each splitter may split an input optical signal in a ratio of 1:1 and output the split input optical signal. The OPA may include a plurality of sets of first phase shifters (PSs), each set of first PSs located exclusively on one output end of a separate splitter, each set of first PSs including a particular quantity of first PSs based on a branch position at which the separate splitter is located. The OPA may be included in a LiDAR system that is further included in a vehicle that is configured to enable navigation of the vehicle, including autonomous navigation, through an environment.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to providing an electrode assembly which improves the thermal safety of a battery by preventing shrinking of a separator adjacent to electrode tabs. The electrode assembly includes a positive electrode plate having a positive electrode tab at one end thereof, a negative electrode plate having a negative electrode tab at one end thereof, and a separator interposed between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, wherein the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are stacked so that each of the tabs may be positioned in the same direction, and the separator has a gradient in thickness so that the thickness of one side having the electrode tabs are larger than that of the other side.

Abstract: A heat treatment method for a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) of a fuel cell includes: placing a power supply plate on a surface of the MEA or on a surface of an assembly of the MEA and a gas diffusion layer (GDL); and performing heat treatment on a surface or interior of the power supply plate by applying power to the power supply plate.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a casing for a secondary battery shaped to receive an electrode assembly, and a secondary battery including the same. The casing for a secondary battery functions to scavenge hydrogen fluoride (HF) generated during the charging/discharging of a battery. In an embodiment, the casing for a secondary battery includes a casing material which is arranged such that an inner surface of the casing material defines has a receiving portion corresponding to the shape of an electrode assembly, and a polymer sheet disposed on the inner surface of the casing material, wherein the polymer sheet having a hydrogen fluoride (HF) scavenger contained therein or disposed on a surface thereof, and wherein the polymer sheet is capable of dissolving at pH 3 or less.

Abstract: Disclosed is a battery cell. The battery cell is configured such that a jelly-roll type electrode assembly is accommodated in a battery casing, and includes: the battery casing including upper, lower, and side surfaces, wherein the side surface of the battery casing includes an isolation wall providing a buffer space between the battery casing and the electrode assembly, the buffer space accommodating deformation of the electrode assembly when the electrode assembly is expanded, such that deformation of the side surface of the battery casing is prevented from occurring.

Abstract: A fusion polynucleotide including a murine CMV promoter and an intron, a recombinant vector including the fusion polynucleotide and a gene encoding a polypeptide of interest, a recombinant cell including the recombinant vector, and a method of producing a polypeptide of interest using the recombinant vector and/or the recombinant cell.

Abstract: Techniques for providing dynamic and secure real-time notifications in messages are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a method comprises: storing a count of notifications associated with a user; transmitting a message to a messaging client of a device of the user, the message being configured to trigger the messaging client to transmit a request in response to the message being opened; updating the count of notifications after the transmission of the message; receiving the request from the messaging cheat based on the message having been opened; in response to receiving the request, determining the changed count of notifications; retrieving an image from a database of images based on the changed count of notifications, the image indicating the changed count of notifications; and transmitting the image to the messaging client for display in the opened message.

Abstract: Disclosed is a secondary battery. The secondary battery includes an electrode assembly having a plurality of unit electrode bodies, each electrode body including a positive electrode plate having a plurality of positive electrode uneven grooves into which a positive electrode active material is inserted, a negative electrode plate having a plurality of negative electrode uneven grooves located to face the positive electrode uneven grooves so that a negative electrode active material is inserted therein, and a unit separator interposed between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate; and a case having an accommodation portion in which the electrode assembly and an electrolyte are accommodated, wherein the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are symmetrical to each other on the basis of the unit separator.

Abstract: A fusion polynucleotide including a human CMV promoter and an intron, a recombinant vector including the fusion polynucleotide and a gene encoding a polypeptide of interest, a recombinant cell comprising the recombinant vector, and a method of producing a polypeptide of interest using the recombinant vector or recombinant cell.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an electrode which is manufactured with ease and causes little damage during storage, and a method for manufacturing the same. The electrode includes a metallic current collector and an electrode mixture, wherein the current collector has a recess formed by denting the remaining portions except edge portions having a width, and the electrode mixture is embedded in the recess.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a planar heating sheet, including a linear heating member including a single fiber body and a plurality of heating wires surrounding the single fiber body, wherein the heating wire includes a metal wire, an organic compound layer applied on the metal wire, and a metal oxide layer applied on the organic compound layer. Since the planar heating sheet is realized by a plurality of linear heating members each formed by coating a single fiber body with heating wires, each including a metal nanowire, an organic compound layer applied on the metal nanowire, and a metal oxide layer applied on the organic compound layer, this planar heating sheet can be naturally folded or bent like a general woven fabric, and thus can be used in a wide range.