Abstract: Provided is a non-volatile programmable device including a first terminal, a first threshold switching layer connected to part of the first terminal, a phase change layer connected to the first threshold switching layer, a second threshold switching layer connected to the phase change layer, a second terminal connected to the second threshold switching layer, and third and fourth terminals respectively connected to a side portion of the phase change layer and the other side portion opposite to the side portion of the phase change layer.

Abstract: Provided is a programmable logic block of a field-programmable gate array (FPGA). The programmable logic block includes a pull-up access transistor connected to a power source, an up-phase-change memory device connected to the pull-up access transistor, a down-phase-change memory device connected to the up-phase-change memory device, an output terminal between the up-phase-change memory device and the down-phase-change memory device, and a pull-down access transistor connected to the down-phase-change memory device and a ground. The resistance values of the up-phase-change memory device and the down-phase-change memory device are individually programmed.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a flexible substrate is provided. The method includes coating a precursor including an inorganic polymer on the flexible substrate, curing the precursor including the inorganic polymer, and oxidizing a surface of the cured precursor including the inorganic polymer to form an oxide layer. Accordingly, an organic/inorganic barrier layer may be formed by only one coating process of a thin film. In this case, oxygen plasma or infrared ray/ozone processing may be performed at atmospheric pressure, thereby reducing process costs and equipment costs by not using vacuum equipment.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate; first to fourth pixels arranged in a matrix pattern on the first substrate, the fourth pixel having an area smaller than each of the first and second pixels and larger than the third pixel; a second substrate facing the first substrate; first to fourth color filter patterns formed on the second substrate and respectively corresponding to the first to fourth pixels, wherein the first to fourth color filter patterns have green, blue, white and red colors, respectively; and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first and second substrates.

Abstract: A rotary force controlling apparatus and an image forming apparatus including the same are provided. The rotary force controlling apparatus includes a clutch device having a shaft, and a rotary body mounted at one end of the shaft. A housing receives and rotates together with the shaft. A power transferring member is rotatably mounted in the housing and selectively rotates the housing by a clutch inserted between the housing and the power transferring member. A positioning unit protrudes from the periphery of the housing and positions a stop location of the rotary body. A solenoid unit is spaced apart from the clutch device and is selectively turned on and off. The positioning unit includes a first positioning unit that positions an initial location of the rotary body when the solenoid unit is turned on; and a plurality of second positioning units that are separated from the first positioning unit and stop the rotary body at a predetermined location when the solenoid unit is turned off.

Abstract: A nonvolatile programmable switch device using a phase-change memory device and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. The switch device includes a substrate, a first metal electrode layer disposed on the substrate and including a plurality of terminals, a phase-change material layer disposed on the substrate and having a self-heating channel structure, the phase-change material layer having a plurality of introduction regions electrically contacting the terminals of the first metal electrode layer and a channel region interposed between the introduction regions, an insulating layer disposed on the first metal electrode layer and the phase-change material layer, a via hole disposed on the first metal electrode layer, and a second metal electrode layer disposed to fill the via hole.

Abstract: Data transmission apparatus and method thereof, and data reception apparatus and method thereof. Input data is encoded into a plurality of visual codes according to a visual code type. The visual code type includes a sequential type requiring sequential transmission and a nonsequential type not requiring sequential transmission. The sequential visual code includes start code, data code, and end code, and is displayed sequentially. The nonsequential visual code is displayed nonsequentially.

Abstract: A high voltage switch device includes a plurality of switches installed between a high voltage power unit and a plurality of developing units. A plurality of cams are disposed on a cam shaft corresponding to the respective switches. The switches are selectively turned “on” and “off” as the cam shaft rotates.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus is provided. The image forming apparatus includes a plurality of developing units. A cam shaft includes a plurality of cams having different rotation phases respectively corresponding to the plurality of developing units. A regulation means controls a rotational force of a driving force source that is transferred to the cam shaft. The regulation means includes a spring clutch having a plurality of latch portions of which phases correspond to the plurality of cams, and an actuator that is selectively connected to the plurality of latch portions and corresponds the plurality of cams to the plurality of developing units. A control means is disposed at the spring clutch and substantially prevents the cam shaft from excessive rotation to prevent the cams from being separated from a corresponding position with respect to the selected developing unit.

Abstract: A method for determining a transmission time of collected context information at a sensor node in a communication system that includes a client, at least one sensor node collecting context information, and an access point (AP) forwarding the context information received from the sensor node to the client. The communication system operates in a session layer of protocol layers of open systems interconnection (OSI). The sensor node calculates a transmission period in which the collected context information is transmitted, and randomly determines a transmission time at which the context information is transmitted within the calculated transmission period. Since the collected context information is transmitted at the transmission time randomly determined by the sensor node, the load on the AP can be balanced.

Abstract: A mobile terminal and a method for searching for a home network for the mobile terminal are provided. The method includes performing a full scan for searching for the home network at a certain time after roaming to a visited network, initializing a count of a number of times a timer has expired when the home network is not found, initiating the timer, updating the count when the timer expires, scanning frequencies in a frequency list when the count is less than a certain value, and scanning all frequencies around the mobile terminal when the count is equal to the certain value.

Abstract: Provided are a method of fabricating a zinc-tin-oxide (ZTO) thin film, a thin film transistor employing the same, and a method of fabricating a thin film transistor. The method of fabricating a ZTO thin film includes depositing zinc oxide and tin oxide at a deposition temperature of 450° C. or lower so that a zinc-to-tin atomic ratio is 4:1 or greater, to form an amorphous ZTO thin film. In the thin film transistor, the ZTO thin film is used as a channel layer.

Abstract: A phase-change memory device in which a phase-change material layer has a multilayered structure with different compositions and a method of fabricating the same are provided. The phase-change memory device includes a first electrode layer formed on a substrate, a heater electrode layer formed on the first electrode layer, an insulating layer formed on the heater electrode layer and having a pore partially exposing the heater electrode layer, a phase-change material layer formed to fill the pore and partially contacting the heater electrode layer, and a second electrode layer formed on the phase-change material layer.

Abstract: Data characterizing a read/write head of a hard disk drive is produced in a burn-in process. The method includes measuring the flying height of the head at a first temperature in a burn-in chamber, measuring the flying height of the head at a second temperature in the burn-in chamber, postulating a linear relationship between the flying height and the temperature of ambient air using values of the flying height measured at the first and second temperatures, and estimating the flying height of the head at a third temperature using the linear relationship. The elevation of the read/write head is then controlled based on data representing the values of the flying height as measured at the first and second temperatures and as estimated for the temperature. In particular, the amount of electric power supplied to an FOD heater of the head is controlled based on the data generated during the burn-in process.

Abstract: Provided is an image forming apparatus for printing a desired image.

Abstract: A multi-pass type color image forming apparatus. The multi-pass type color image forming apparatus includes an indicating member which is provided at a camshaft and has a plurality of indicating portions, a sensing part which detects the plurality of indicating portions, and a control unit which receives a signal from the sensing part when the indicating member passes by the sensing part by the rotation of the camshaft, and determines a home position by a rotational position of the camshaft when a signal pattern from a sequence of signals from the sensing part corresponds with a preset reference pattern. Accordingly, the home position of the camshaft can be determined in a short amount of time regardless of the slip between the cams and the push caps, so that the warm up time can be shortened and the generation time of noise caused by the contact between the cams and the push caps can be minimized.

Abstract: Provided are a low temperature-cured polymer gate insulation layer and an organic thin film transistor having the same. The gate insulation layer includes an acrylate-based compound, an anhydride-based compound, and an epoxy-based compound each by 0.1 weight % or more.

Abstract: A phase change memory device and a method of fabricating the same are provided. A phase change material layer of the phase change memory device is formed of germanium (Ge)-antimony (Sb)-Tellurium (Te)-based Ge2Sb2+xTe5 (0.12?x?0.32), so that the crystalline state is determined as a stable single phase, not a mixed phase of a metastable phase and a stable phase, in phase transition between crystalline and amorphous states of a phase change material, and the phase transition according to increasing temperature directly transitions to the single stable phase from the amorphous state. As a result, set operation stability and distribution characteristics of set state resistances of the phase change memory device can be significantly enhanced, and an amorphous resistance can be maintained for a long time at a high temperature, i.e., around crystallization temperature, and thus reset operation stability and rewrite operation stability of the phase change memory device can be significantly enhanced.

Abstract: Provided are a composition for a photo-reactive organic polymeric gate insulating layer and an organic thin film transistor using the same. The composition for the photo-reactive organic polymeric gate insulating layer comprises poly (vinyl) phenol and a photo-reactive material, and the organic thin film transistor has a photo-reactive organic polymeric gate insulating layer formed of the composition. The composition for the photo-reactive organic polymeric gate insulating layer can add the photo patterning characteristics to an organic polymer and can form the layer with the enhanced electrical characteristics.

Abstract: Provided is a display panel comprised of a white color organic luminescent element and a color filter for full color implementation, wherein a substrate in which an organic luminescent element is formed and a color filter are assembled and fixed to face each other with an adhesive pattern therebetween, and liquid oil is filled between the color filter and the substrate inside of the adhesive pattern so as to block external moisture or oxygen, so that deterioration of luminous characteristics due to the external moisture or oxygen may be prevented by encapsulating the organic luminescent element and the color filter with the liquid oil, which leads to enhance reliability and stability of the element, and also allows the encapsulation process to be performed with relatively simple steps and low cost.