Abstract: An image sensor having improved image quality is provided. The image sensor includes a first array of pixels, a second array of pixels, and a binning module. The first array of pixels has a color pattern formed in an n×m array and includes at least first-color pixels, second-color pixels, and third color-pixels. The second array of pixels is adjacent to the first array of pixels and has the same color pattern formed in an n×m array as the first array of pixels, to include at least first-color pixels, second-color pixels, and third color-pixels.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a memory device includes a memory cell array including a plurality of memory cells; and a control logic which includes a mode register, performs a refresh operation in response to a refresh command, generates an internal mode register write command in response to the refresh command in a first mode, and does not generate the internal mode register write command in response to the refresh command in a second mode.

Abstract: Provided is a stiffness-reinforced surgical system. A stiffness-reinforced surgical system includes a plurality of links provided rotatably with each other to form a joint device, a main tendon configured to form a traction force for driving the links, an auxiliary tendon configured to form a traction force to resist rotation of the links, and a controller configured to control the traction forces of the main tendon and the auxiliary tendon. According to example embodiment, it is possible to provide a stiffness-reinforced surgical system configured such that an overtube forms sufficient flexibility while being inserted into the lumen and forms high stiffness during lesion removal, and a control method thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for accessing memory cells arranged in rows and columns. The method includes activating a specific row of the rows of the memory cells, and flipping data bits stored in memory cells of the specific row in response to determining that concentrated activation occurs at the specific row.

Abstract: A display device includes a substantially rigid display panel, a printed circuit board spaced apart from the display panel in a first direction and having at least one angled portion, a flexible member having a first portion connected to the display panel and a second portion spaced from the first portion, the second portion being connected to a first portion of the printed circuit board, and a support attached to the display panel and the printed circuit board to support the printed circuit board.

Abstract: A memory device includes memory cells connected to a first word-line, wherein the memory cells include a data region in which data is stored and a counting value backup region in which the number of times the first word-line is activated is backed up, a counting table for storing a first row address corresponding to the first word-line and a first counting value as a counting result of the number of times the first word-line is activated, and a comparator configured to compare the first counting value with a first backed-up counting value stored in the counting value backup region; and when the first counting value is greater than the first backed-up counting value, back up the first counting value in the counting value backup region, or when the first backed-up counting value is greater than the first counting value, overwrite the first backed-up counting value into the counting table.

Abstract: An image signal processor includes a register and a disparity correction unit. The register stores disparity data obtained from a pattern image data that an image senor generates, and the image sensor includes a plurality of pixels, and each of the pixel includes at least a first photoelectric conversion element and a second photoelectric conversion element. The image sensor generates the pattern image data in response to a pattern image located at a first distance from the image sensor. The disparity correction unit corrects a disparity distortion of an image data based on the disparity data to generate a result image data, and the image senor generates the image data by capturing an object.

Abstract: A ramp system is configured to move a step disposed in a frame between a ramp closed position and a ramp open position along a moving direction. The ramp system may include a driving device including a pair of chain gears spaced from each other along the moving direction and rotatably disposed in the frame and a chain meshed with the pair of chain gears and being movable along the moving direction, and transmitting driving torque to the step to move the step along the moving direction, and a tensioner including a tension bar rotatably mounted in the frame and having one end connected to a tension spring to receive elastic force and the other end at which a tension gear engaged with the chain is rotatably mounted to apply tensile force to the chain.

Abstract: A ramp system is disclosed. The ramp system is configured to move a step disposed in a frame between a ramp closed position and a ramp open position along a moving direction. The ramp system may include a driving device generating driving torque and transmitting the driving torque to the step to move the step along the moving direction, a pair of guide rails extending in the moving direction at both side portions of the frame in a traverse direction perpendicular to the moving direction, a roller rotatably disposed on each guide rail to be movable along each guide rail by rotation of the roller, and a sliding frame connected to one end portion of the step in the moving direction, wherein the step is hingedly connected to the sliding frame, and the roller is rotatably connected to both sides of the sliding frame in the traverse direction.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an asymmetric rolling joint device of a surgical instrument which increases traction force by asymmetrically forming rolling contact surfaces of joint links facing each other. The asymmetric rolling joint device includes: a first joint link part which forms a joint of the surgical instrument; and a second joint link part coming into rolling contact with the first joint link part, wherein rolling contact surfaces where the first joint link part and the second joint link part come into rolling contact with each other are formed asymmetrically so as to increase traction force more than rolling contact surfaces which are formed symmetrically.

Abstract: An image signal processor includes a register and a disparity correction unit. The register stores disparity data obtained from a pattern image data that an image senor generates, and the image sensor includes a plurality of pixels, and each of the pixel includes at least a first photoelectric conversion element and a second photoelectric conversion element. The image sensor generates the pattern image data in response to a pattern image located at a first distance from the image sensor. The disparity correction unit corrects a disparity distortion of an image data based on the disparity data to generate a result image data, and the image senor generates the image data by capturing an object.

Abstract: A flexible drive manipulator according to an example embodiment may include a proximal portion, a plurality of joint portions drivably connected from an end of the proximal portion with respect to a longitudinal axis, a distal portion connected to an end of the plurality of joint portions, a pair of drive wires passing through the plurality of joint portions in parallel along the longitudinal axis, the pair of drive wires configured to drive the plurality of joint portions in a rotational direction of rotation with respect to a transverse axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, and a fixing wire passing through the plurality of joint portions in a shape of converging along the longitudinal axis, the fixing wire configured to adjust rigidity of the plurality of joint portions.

Abstract: A colon linearizing device installed in an endoscope to linearize a colon by performing translation and expansion motions in the colon may include a ring-shaped proximal member installed to surround an outer circumferential surface of an insertion tube of an endoscope, a fixed end secured to the insertion tube, a ring-shaped distal member positioned between the proximal member and the fixed end and movably installed along a longitudinal direction of the insertion tube, and an elastic member connected between the fixed end and the distal member.

Abstract: An image sensor includes; a pixel array disposed in a Bayer pattern and including pixels which respectively generate electrical charge according to received light incident, and an analog logic configured to convert an analog signal output from at least one pixel among the pixels into a first digital code using analog-to-digital conversion, and convert the first digital code into a second digital code by adjusting low-order bits of the first digital code in response to a control signal.

Abstract: A method of determining hysteresis according to an example embodiment may include capturing a real-time image of the surgical robot driven according to a drive input, and measuring a drive angle of the surgical robot by comparing the real-time image to a previously rendered image data set of the surgical robot, and calculating a difference between the drive input and the measured drive angle.

Abstract: A flexible drive manipulator according to an example embodiment may include a proximal portion, a plurality of joint portions drivably connected from an end of the proximal portion with respect to a longitudinal axis, a distal portion connected to an end of the plurality of joint portions, a pair of drive wires passing through the plurality of joint portions in parallel along the longitudinal axis, the pair of drive wires configured to drive the plurality of joint portions in a rotational direction of rotation with respect to a transverse axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, and a fixing wire passing through the plurality of joint portions in a shape of converging along the longitudinal axis, the fixing wire configured to adjust rigidity of the plurality of joint portions.

Abstract: An RGBW image sensor, a binning method in an image sensor, and a computer readable medium for performing the method are provided, and the binning method in an image sensor includes selecting one or more binning target pixels for each of a red pixel, a green pixel, a blue pixel, and a white pixel, constituting a pixel array of an RGBW image sensor with a uniform array pattern, generating binning pixel data for each of the red pixel, the green pixel, the blue pixel, and the white pixel, based on pieces of pixel data corresponding to the binning target pixel, and rearranging pixels, represented by the binning pixel data, to be equal to the entirety or a portion of the uniform array pattern and to be equally spaced apart from each other.

Abstract: An automatic cardiopulmonary resuscitation device includes a movable chest compressor for repeatedly pressing a patient's chest at a preset depth and cycle, a cardiac output measurement unit for measuring a cardiac output of the patient in accordance with the pressurization of the chest compressor and a processor for changing pressing locations by performing control such that the chest compressor moves according to a preset method.

Abstract: A display device includes a substantially rigid display panel, a printed circuit board spaced apart from the display panel in a first direction and having at least one angled portion, a flexible member having a first portion connected to the display panel and a second portion spaced from the first portion, the second portion being connected to a first portion of the printed circuit board, and a support attached to the display panel and the printed circuit board to support the printed circuit board.

Abstract: The present invention relates to memory apparatuses and an operating methods using a heterogeneous memory array. An operation method of a memory apparatus using a heterogeneous memory array according to an embodiment of the present invention includes dividing an input bit into at least one data bit according to a mode bit, and writing the divided data bits in each cell of the memory array by using a cell level of the memory array which is configured according to the mode bit.