Abstract: According to example embodiments of inventive concepts, a nonvolatile memory device includes a memory cell array, an address decoder, an input/output circuit, a voltage generation circuit, and control logic. The memory cell array includes a plurality of memory blocks on a substrate. Each of the memory blocks includes a plurality of strings connected between bit lines and a common source line. The address decoder is configured to measure impedance information of word lines of a selected memory block. The voltage generation circuit is configured to generate word line voltages to be applied to word lines, and at least one of the word line voltages includes an offset voltage and a target voltage. The control logic is configured to adjust a level of the offset voltage and the offset time depending on the measured impedance information of the word lines.

Abstract: A variable intake valve apparatus may include a fixing pin, wherein a spring may be connected to an outer peripheral surface of the fixing pin, a driving mode portion configured for compressing the spring such that a protrusion formed at a distal end of the spring may be disposed variably depending on a selected driving mode, and a body portion engaged with the driving mode portion and configured for controlling an opening point in time of the intake valve apparatus depending on negative pressure of air on the selected driving mode.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display device is discussed. The organic light emitting display device in one embodiment includes at least one light emitting part between an anode and a cathode, and including at least one organic layer and a light emitting layer, wherein the organic layer includes a compound having one or more nitrogen atoms and a substituent with relatively high electron mobility.

Abstract: A maskless exposure device includes an exposure head including a digital micro-mirror device. The digital micro-mirror device is configured to transmit a source beam applied from an exposure source to a substrate. A system control part is configured to control the digital micro-mirror device by using a graphic data system file. The graphic data system file includes data for forming a source electrode, a drain electrode and a channel portion disposed between the source electrode and the drain electrode. The graphic system file includes data for forming the channel portion extending in a diagonal direction with respect to a scan direction of the exposure head.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting an object includes a filter for filtering a current input image and a background model generated based on a previous input image, a homography matrix estimation unit for estimating a homography matrix between the current input image and the background model, an image alignment unit for converting the background model by applying the homography matrix to a filtered background model and aligning a converted background model and a filtered current input image, and a foreground/background detection unit for detecting a foreground by comparing corresponding pixels between the converted background model and the filtered current input image.

Abstract: According to example embodiments of inventive concepts, a nonvolatile memory device includes a memory cell array, an address decoder, an input/output circuit, a voltage generation circuit, and control logic. The memory cell array includes a plurality of memory blocks on a substrate. Each of the memory blocks includes a plurality of strings connected between bit lines and a common source line. The address decoder is configured to measure impedance information of word lines of a selected memory block. The voltage generation circuit is configured to generate word line voltages to be applied to word lines, and at least one of the word line voltages includes an offset voltage and a target voltage. The control logic is configured to adjust a level of the offset voltage and the offset time depending on the measured impedance information of the word lines.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display device is disclosed. The organic light emitting display device comprises an anode, an organic layer over the anode, and a cathode over the organic layer. The organic layer may include a heterocyclic compound. Alternatively, the organic layer may include a spirobisfluorene compound with hole transfer properties and a material with electron transfer properties.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display device and an organic layer are disclosed. The organic light emitting display device includes an anode, an organic layer over the anode, and a cathode over the organic layer. In one aspect, the organic layer may include an indolocarbazole compound. In another aspect, the organic layer may include a compound by linking a carbazole derivative and a carbazole compound to an aryl group or a heteroaryl group.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display device is disclosed. The organic light emitting display device comprises at least two light emitting parts between an anode and a cathode, each of the light emitting parts having a light emitting layer and an electron transport layer, charge generation layers between the at least two light emitting parts, wherein at least one among the electron transport layers in the at least two light emitting parts includes a pyrimidine derivative at both sides of the core so as to reduce a driving voltage and increase an efficiency of the organic light emitting display device.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display device is disclosed. The organic light emitting display device comprises an anode; an organic layer on the anode; and a cathode on the organic layer, wherein the organic layer comprises a compound including a carbazole compound having hole characteristics and a material having electron characteristics.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a user-interaction toy and an interaction method of the toy, and more particularly, to a user-interaction toy and an interaction method of the toy that recognize an intention of a user's action and select a reaction thereto, and output the intention and the reaction to a user. According to embodiments of the present invention, there is a provided a user-interaction toy that can more accurately determine a user's intention by sensing means including two or more sensors, and as a result, an appropriate response is made to a user to commune with the user through voice, sound, an action, and video, thereby enjoying the toy more vividly, a toy which interacts with the user.

Abstract: A method for selecting a user's desired target from among a plurality of targets, at a touch point on a touch screen of a mobile device is provided. The method includes displaying a web page; checking a touch input at a touch point is received on the touch screen, a number of hyperlinks overlapped with the touch point in the displayed web page; enlarging, if at least two hyperlinks are overlapped with the touch point, defining a target area around the touch point, the target area, and displaying the enlarged target area; and selecting and visually emphasizing, if only a single one of the hyperlinks in the enlarged target area is overlapped with the touch point, the single hyperlink among the hyperlinks.

Abstract: A maskless exposure device includes an exposure head including a digital micro-mirror device. The digital micro-mirror device is configured to transmit a source beam applied from an exposure source to a substrate. A system control part is configured to control the digital micro-mirror device by using a graphic data system file. The graphic data system file includes data for forming a source electrode, a drain electrode and a channel portion disposed between the source electrode and the drain electrode. The graphic system file includes data for forming the channel portion extending in a diagonal direction with respect to a scan direction of the exposure head.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for sensing a fuel level, and more particularly, an apparatus for sensing a fuel level that is installed in a fuel tank of a vehicle to sense the fuel level. The apparatus for sensing a fuel level may improve reliability of the sensing of the level because a pipe is vertically installed in the fuel tank and an ultrasonic wave sensor is provided to a lower end of an interior of the pipe to measure the level of the fuel by an ultrasonic wave, and a filter is installed in a fuel inflow and outflow hole formed in the pipe and prevents an inflow of foreign materials into the pipe, thereby making it possible to more accurately sense the level of the fuel.

Abstract: Disclosed are a flexible display apparatus and a method of manufacturing the same. The method includes preparing an organic layer material for a thin film encapsulation layer, coating an edge area and a central area of a substrate with the organic layer material by using a plurality of nozzles, and finishing an organic layer for the thin film encapsulation layer on the substrate. An amount of the organic layer material is adjusted by selectively driving a variable adjustment unit of the substrate.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display device is disclosed. The organic light emitting display device includes at least two light emitting parts each including a light emitting layer and an electron transport layers, and at least one charge generation layer between the light emitting parts, wherein at least one among the charge generation layer or the electron transport layer includes a compound having nitrogen atoms and a substituent for enhancing electron mobility.

Abstract: According to example embodiments of inventive concepts, a nonvolatile memory device includes a memory cell array, an address decoder, an input/output circuit, a voltage generation circuit, and control logic. The memory cell array includes a plurality of memory blocks on a substrate. Each of the memory blocks includes a plurality of strings connected between bit lines and a common source line. The address decoder is configured to measure impedance information of word lines of a selected memory block. The voltage generation circuit is configured to generate word line voltages to be applied to word lines, and at least one of the word line voltages includes an offset voltage and a target voltage. The control logic is configured to adjust a level of the offset voltage and the offset time depending on the measured impedance information of the word lines.

Abstract: A variable intake valve apparatus may include a fixing pin, wherein a spring may be connected to an outer peripheral surface of the fixing pin, a driving mode portion configured for compressing the spring such that a protrusion formed at a distal end of the spring may be disposed variably depending on a selected driving mode, and a body portion engaged with the driving mode portion and configured for controlling an opening point in time of the intake valve apparatus depending on negative pressure of air on the selected driving mode.

Abstract: Disclosed is an organic light emitting diode. The organic light-emitting diode comprises at least one light-emitting part between an anode and a cathode, wherein the at least one light-emitting part has at least one organic layer and an emissive layer. The at least one organic layer is composed of a compound having one or more heteroatoms, and the compound has an energy level due to the heteroatoms and conductive characteristics due to the energy level.

Abstract: Provided are a BAB-type tri-block copolymer including a polylactic acid (A) that is a hydrophobic block and polyethylene glycol (B) that is a hydrophilic block, a method of preparing the BAB-type tri-block copolymer including synthesizing a polylactic acid (A)-polyethylene glycol (B) di-block copolymer by a ring opening polymerization of a lactic acid monomer using a hydroxyl group of polyethylene glycol (B) as a polymerization initiator; and synthesizing a BAB-type tri-block copolymer by reacting the AB-type di-block copolymer with polyethylene glycol (B) including at least one carboxyl group at one or more terminals thereof in the presence of a coupling agent and a catalyst, and a drug delivery system using the BAB-type tri-block copolymer.