Abstract: A method of fabricating a fin-like field-effect transistor device is disclosed. The method includes forming mandrel features over a substrate and performing a first cut to remove mandrel features to form a first space. The method also includes performing a second cut to remove a portion of mandrel features to form a line-end and an end-to-end space. After the first and the second cuts, the substrate is etched using the mandrel features, with the first space and the end-to-end space as an etch mask, to form fins. Depositing a space layer to fully fill in a space between adjacent fins and cover sidewalls of the fins adjacent to the first space and the end-to-end space. The spacer layer is etched to form sidewall spacers on the fins adjacent to the first space and the end-to-end space and an isolation trench is formed in the first space and the end-to-end space.

Abstract: A spark ignited internal combustion engine is controlled in response to a self-learned TOB reference. The self-learned TOB reference is based on a difference between a learned TOB offset and a desired or target TOB, and a sensed TOB. The learned TOB offset at a given operating condition, such as charge pressure, can be found by interpolating between the learned charge pressure breakpoints in a TOB learning algorithm. The TOB learning algorithm can include using a filtered charge pressure value to indicate the engine load at which the TOB is learned. An index determination is made with a look up table with charge pressure as an input and an array index of learned charge pressure and learned TOB offset as outputs.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a robotic arm includes: a base; at least one link secured to the base; a gripper secured to the at least one link, wherein: the gripper comprises a finger, the gripper is configured to secure a wafer while the at least one link is in motion, and the gripper is configured to release the wafer while the at least one link is stopped, a sensor disposed on the finger, the sensor configured to collect sensor data characterizing the robotic arm's interaction with a semiconductor processing chamber while the wafer is secured using the finger.

Abstract: A system for control of an internal combustion system having subsystems, each with different response times. Subsystems may include a fuel system, an air handling system, and an aftertreatment system, each being operated in response to a set of reference values generated by a respective target determiner. Calibration of each subsystem may be performed independently. The fuel system is controlled at a first time constant. The air handling system is controlled on the order of a second time constant slower than the first time constant. The aftertreatment system is controlled on the order of a third time constant slower than the second time constant. A subsystem manager is optionally in operative communication with each target determiner to coordinate control. Generally, dynamic parameters from slower subsystems are treated as static parameters when determining reference values for controlling a faster subsystem.

Abstract: A three dimensional printing apparatus including a carrying plate, a transparent plate, an elastic film, and a bump is provided. The transparent plate is disposed on the carrying plate. The elastic film is disposed on the transparent plate. The bump is disposed between the elastic film and the carrying plate. An interface between the transparent plate and the elastic film is in communication with an external space through a fluid channel between each bump and the elastic film. An orthographic projection area of the bump on the transparent plate is not more than ¼ of a surface area of the transparent plate.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment provides a dual-speed dual-core enhanced drilling equipment which comprises an outer cylinder, a downhole power device, a large cutting head and a small cutting head, wherein the large cutting head is provided with a first centerline, a through hole arranged along the first centerline and a first diameter; the outer cylinder is sleeved outside the downhole power device and forms an annular space, and the outer cylinder directly or indirectly connects the upper drill string with the large cutting head so that the large cutting head and the downhole power device can rotate together with the upper drill string; the downhole power device is provided with a power generation section capable of generating power and a rotation output section which penetrates through the through hole to be connected with the small cutting head and provides independent power for the small cutting head, so that the small cutting head revolves around the first centerline under the driving of the upper drill strin

Abstract: A system for harmonizing knock in a plurality of cylinders included in an engine, the system comprises a plurality of knock sensors, and a controller coupled to each of the plurality of knock sensors. The controller is configured to receive a plurality of cylinder knock values corresponding to each of the plurality of knock sensors, and receive an average knock value. The controller determines a cylinder spark timing offset value for each cylinder in the plurality of cylinders from the average knock value and the cylinder knock values. The controller determines an average spark timing offset value. The controller also determines an adjusted spark timing value for each of the plurality of cylinders by subtracting the average spark timing offset value from a spark timing value of each of the plurality of cylinders.

Abstract: A system and a method for monitoring a video communication device configured to monitor an activation state of a video capturing module are provided. A detection circuit is configured to detect an operation current input to the video capturing module. A control circuit is electrically connected to the detection circuit and determines whether the video capturing module is activated according to a magnitude of the operation current.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for calibration and control of various engine subsystems using a target value approach. Under the target value approach, the control of each engine subsystem is separated or decoupled to include a set of target values, or a reference value set. A subsystem has a corresponding target determiner, which provides a target value set, or reference value set, in response to a basis variable set and optionally an overall subsystem target. The basis variable set includes parameters selected to robustly characterize the variables that affect the operation of the particular subsystem. The target determiner is optionally calibrated to provide a reference value set within specifications of the subsystem. A physical subsystem controller operates in response to the reference value set.

Abstract: An overlay mark includes a first feature extending in an X-direction, wherein the first feature is a first distance from a substrate. The overlay mark further includes a second feature extending in a Y-direction perpendicular to the X-direction, wherein the second feature is a second distance from the substrate, and the second distance is different from the first distance. The overlay mark further includes a third feature extending in the X-direction and the Y-direction, wherein the third feature is a third distance from the substrate, and the third distance is different from the first distance and the second distance.

Abstract: An apparatus includes an engine module, an in-cylinder content module, and an engine out NOx module. The engine module is structured to interpret engine in-cylinder data regarding an operating condition within a cylinder of an engine, wherein the engine in-cylinder data includes an engine torque, an engine speed, a rail pressure, and a start-of-injection. The in-cylinder content module is structured to interpret at least one additional in-cylinder data point regarding the operating condition within the cylinder of the engine. The engine out NOx module is structured to determine an engine out NOx amount responsive to the engine in-cylinder data and the at least one additional in-cylinder data point.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a casing, a driven component, a magnetic component and an electromagnetic component. The casing has an outer surface, an inner surface, and an accommodating groove penetrating through the outer surface and the inner surface. The driven component is movably disposed in the accommodating groove. The magnetic component is connected to the driven component. The electromagnetic component is aligned with the magnetic component, and the magnetic component and the electromagnetic component are located at the same side of the inner surface. When the electromagnetic component isn't powered, the magnetic component and the electromagnetic component are attracted to each other, and the driven component is positioned at a first position. When the electromagnetic component is powered, the magnetic component and the electromagnetic component are repulsed to each other so as to drive the driven component to move from the first position to the second position.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a first body, a second body, two hinges, and at least one electronic assembly. The two hinges are connected between the first body and the second body, and the first body and the second body are adapted to rotate relatively through the two hinges. The electronic assembly is connected to the second body and is located between the two hinges.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for connecting multiple loads with a common return pin in engine control module application are disclosed. Only one of the multiple loads can be connected to a power source at a time. At the high side, each load is coupled to the power source through a respective pin at a connector. At the low side, the multiple loads share a common return pin at the connector that connects the loads to the ground. When a first load is connected to the power source at the high side, a first low side driver circuit is used to connect the first load to the ground at the low side. When a second load is connected to the power source at the high side, the second low side driver circuit is used to connect the second load to the ground at the low side.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for calibration and control of various engine subsystems using a target value approach. Under the target value approach, the control of each engine subsystem is separated or decoupled to include a set of target values, or a reference value set. A subsystem has a corresponding target determiner, which provides a target value set, or reference value set, in response to a basis variable set and optionally an overall subsystem target. The basis variable set includes parameters selected to robustly characterize the variables that affect the operation of the particular subsystem. The target determiner is optionally calibrated to provide a reference value set within specifications of the subsystem. A physical subsystem controller operates in response to the reference value set.

Abstract: Systems, apparatus, and methods of manufacturing an article using electroadhesion technology, either as a sole modality of handling such materials or in concert with at least one mechanically actuated modality for the pick-up and release of materials, respectively. The mechanically actuated modality in one embodiment is configured as a netting configured to be placed over a contact surface of an electroadhesive plate to facilitate the handling of an object.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a robotic arm includes: a base; at least one link secured to the base; a gripper secured to the at least one link, wherein: the gripper comprises a finger, the gripper is configured to secure a wafer while the at least one link is in motion, and the gripper is configured to release the wafer while the at least one link is stopped, a sensor disposed on the finger, the sensor configured to collect sensor data characterizing the robotic arm's interaction with a semiconductor processing chamber while the wafer is secured using the finger.

Abstract: A display device is disclosed, including: a display panel including a first substrate with a first side surface; a backlight module disposed opposite the display panel and including a light guide having a second side surface; and a first adhesive layer attached to the first side surface and the second side surface.

Abstract: Systems, methods and apparatus are disclosed for providing or maintaining a target surge margin at the compressor during steady state engine operating conditions and to avoid compressor surge during transients by controlling a compressor recirculation valve position to a commanded position. The estimated surge margin can be determined in response to the measured pressure ratio across the compressor, an estimated compressor flow, and a compressor map for the compressor.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a casing, a driven component, a magnetic component and an electromagnetic component. The casing has an outer surface, an inner surface, and an accommodating groove penetrating through the outer surface and the inner surface. The driven component is movably disposed in the accommodating groove. The magnetic component is connected to the driven component. The electromagnetic component is aligned with the magnetic component, and the magnetic component and the electromagnetic component are located at the same side of the inner surface. When the electromagnetic component isn't powered, the magnetic component and the electromagnetic component are attracted to each other, and the driven component is positioned at a first position. When the electromagnetic component is powered, the magnetic component and the electromagnetic component are repulsed to each other so as to drive the driven component to move from the first position to the second position.