Abstract: A zero-crossing type thyristor is formed in an N-type semiconductor substrate. A first P-type base layer, a second P-type base layer, and a first P-type emitter layer are formed in a main surface of the substrate and isolated from one another by semiconductor regions of the substrate. A second N-type emitter layer is formed in the first P-type base layer, and a third N-type emitter layer is formed in the second P-type base layer. The third N-type emitter layer is electrically connected to the first P-type base layer. A fourth P-type emitter layer is formed in an opposite surface of the substrate. The second N-type emitter layer, first P-tytpe base layer, N-type semiconductor region, and fourth P-type emitter layer constitute a vertical main thyristor of the zero-crossing type thyristor, and the third N-type emitter layer, second P-type base layer, N-type semiconductor region, and first P-type emitter layer constitute a lateral driving thyristor thereof.

Abstract: There are provided on improved light receiving member for use in electrophotography and a process for the production thereof.

Abstract: There are provided an improved light receiving member for use in electrophotography and a process for the production thereof. The light receiving member comprises a substrate usable for electrophotography and a light receiving layer constituted by a charge injection inhibition layer formed of an amorphous or polycrystalline material containing silicon atom as the main constituent and an element for controlling the conductivity, a photoconductive layer formed of an amorphous material containing silicon atom as the main constituent and at least one kind selected from hydrogen atom and halogen atom and a surface layer formed of a polycrystalline material containing silicon atom, carbon atom and hydrogen atom. The polycrystalline material is a polycrystalline material prepared by introducing a precursor capable of contributing to formation of the layer and an active species reactive with the precursor separately into a film deposition space and chemically reacting them.

Abstract: A circuiting device comprising a flexible base member having end portions to be fixed, a movable portion therebetween and conductor patterns carried on the base member. Parts of the portions to be fixed adjacent to the movable portion are covered by protective films which prevent solder from flowing to the movable portion from the portions to be fixed. This arrangement prevents disconnection and short circuit in the conductor patterns on the circuiting device, and facilitates connecting operations.

Abstract: There is provided an improved light receiving member for use in electrophotography comprising a substrate for electrophotography and a light receiving layer constituted by an absorption layer for light of long wavelength formed of a polycrystal material containing silicon atoms and germanium atoms, a photoconductive layer formed of an amorphous material containing silicon atoms as the main constituent atoms and a surface layer formed of an amorphous material containing silicon atoms, carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms, the amount of the hydrogen atoms contained in the surface layer being in the range of from 1.times.10.sup.-3 to 40 atomic %. The light receiving layer may have a charge injection inhibition layer or/and a contact layer.

Abstract: A clarification device comprises a purifier tank having an opening at its top and an inlet and an outlet for sewage, at least one contact means to which microorganisms for purification are to be attached and which is disposed in the purifier tank at position spaced upwardly from a bottom of the purifier tank, and air-flowing means disposed between the contact means and the bottom of the tank, air-supplying means extending vertically in the purifier tank for supplying air to the air-flowing means. The contact means includes a first assembly disposed at the inlet side so as to be removed out of the tank through the opening, and a second assembly disposed at the outlet side of the first assembly so as to be removed out of the tank through the opening. The clarification device further comprises means for closing the opening of the purifier tank.

Abstract: An electrophotographic member has an electrophotographic substrate and a light receiving layer having (i) a 0.01 to 10 .mu.m thick charge injection inhibition layer, (ii) a 1 to 100 .mu.m thick photoconductive layer and (iii) a 0.003 to 30 .mu.m thick surface layer. The charge injection inhibition layer includes a polycrystal material containing silicon atoms as the main constituent, 30 to 5.times.10.sup.4 atomic ppm of a conductivity controlling element of Group III and Group V elements uniformly or nonuniformly distributed in the thickness direction and 1-40 atomic % of hydrogen atoms and/or halogen atoms. The photoconductive layer is an amorphous semiconductor material containing silicon atoms as the main constituent and 1-40 atomic % of hydrogen atoms and/or halogen atoms. The surface layer includes an amorphous material: A--(Si.sub.x C.sub.1-x).sub.y :H.sub.1-y wherein x is 0.1 to 0.99999 and y is 0.6 to 0.999.

Abstract: This is provided an improved light receiving member having at least a photoconductive layer constituted with A-Si(H,X) series material and a surface layer constituted with A-Si(C,O,N)(H,X) for use in electrophotography, etc. which is characterized in that the atom(C,O,N) is contained in the surface layer in a state that the concentration of the atom(C,O,N) is grown increasingly starting from the position of the interface between the surface layer and the photoconductive layer while leaving a portion corresponding to a refractive index difference (.DELTA.n) [.DELTA.n.ltoreq.0.62] between the refractive index of the surface layer and that of the photoconductive layer which can be disregarded in the image-making process toward the free surface of the surface layer.

Abstract: There is provided an improved light receiving member for use in electrophotography comprising a substrate for electrophotography and a light receiving layer constituted by a charge injection inhibition layer formed of a polycrystal material containing silicon atoms as the main constituent atoms and an element for controlling the conductivity which functions to prevent a charge from being injected from the side of the substrate, a photoconductive layer formed of an amorphous material containing silicon atoms as the main constituent atoms and a surface layer formed of an amorphous material containing silicon atoms, carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms, the amount of the hydrogen atoms contained in the surface layer being in the range from 41 to 70 atomic %. The light receiving layer may have a contact layer and/or an absorption layer of light having a long wavelength.

Abstract: There is provided an improved light receiving member for use in electrophotography comprising a substrate for electrophotography and a light receiving layer constituted by a photoconductive layer and a surface layer, the photoconductive layer being formed of an amorphous material containing silicon atoms as the main constituent atoms and at least one kind selected from hydrogen atoms and halogen atoms and the surface layer being formed of an amorphous material containing silicon atoms, carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms, and the amount of the hydrogen atoms contained in the surface layer being in the range of 41 to 70 atomic %.

Abstract: A light-receiving member for electrophotography comprises a substrate and a light-receiving layer provided on the substrate comprising a photoconductive layer exhibiting photoconductivity comprising an amorphous material containing at least one of hydrogen atoms and halogen atoms as the constituent in a matrix of silicon atoms and a surface layer comprising an amorphous material containing silicon atoms, carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms and the constituents, said surface layer being changed in the distribution concentration in the layer thickness direction of the constituent elements such that matching optical gap is obtained at the interface with said photoconductive layer, and the maximum distribution concentration of the hydrogen atoms within said surface layer being 41 to 70 atomic percent.

Abstract: There is provided an improved light receiving member for use in electrophotography comprising a substrate for electrophotography and a light receiving layer constituted by a contact layer formed of a polycrystal material containing silicon atoms as the main constituent atoms and at least one kind selected from nitrogen atoms, oxygen atoms and carbon atoms, a photoconductive layer formed of an amorphous material containing silicon atoms as the main constituent atoms and a surface layer formed of an amorphous material containing silicon atoms, carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms, the amount of the hydrogen atoms contained in the surface layer being in the range from 1.times.10.sup.-3 to 40 atomic %. The light receiving layer may have a charge injection inhibition layer or/and an absorption layer of light having a long wavelength.

Abstract: A magnetic head comprises a first magnetic core having a first gap on an exposed surface side; a second magnetic core having a second gap on an exposed surface side forming an identical surface with an exposed surface of the first magnetic core, and disposed in the vicinity of the first magnetic core; and a magnetic film disposed in the vicinity of the second magnetic core and for magnetically short-circuiting a magnetic circuit of the second magnetic core without passing through a coil wound around the second magnetic core. The magnetic film prevents crosstalk to the first magnetic core from the second magnetic core.

Abstract: There is provided an improved light receiving member for use in electrophotography comprising a substrate for electrophotography and a light receiving layer constituted by a charge injection inhibition layer, a photoconductive layer and a surface layer, the charge injection inhibition layer being formed of an amorphous material containing silicon atoms as the main constituent atoms and an element for controlling the conductivity, the photoconductive layer being formed of an amorphous material containing silicon atoms as the main constituent atoms and at least one kind selected from hydrogen atoms and halogen atoms and the surface layer being formed of an amorphous material containing silicon atoms, carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms, and the amount of the hydrogen atoms contained in the surface layer being in the range from 41 to 70 atomic %.

Abstract: In a magnetic head having magnetic cores for performing recording and/or reproducing and erasing of information onto and/or from and from a magnetic recording medium and a slider for supporting the cores, a member for shielding the magnetic cores magnetically is provided in the slider. When accessing information by sandwiching a magnetic recording medium between the two opposing portions of a pair of the magnetic heads, crosstalk is reduced between the magnetic cores and thus recording and/or reproducing errors are prevented. The reliability of the magnetic head is improved.

Abstract: A color video camera using a solid-state image pickup device having filters of the complementary color system consisting of a filter to transmit the light of all colors, a filter to transmit the yellow light, a filter to transmit the cyan light, and a filter to transmit the green light can obtain color signals having no color aliasing by selecting the conditions of the arithmetic operating processes of the signals corresponding to the respective filters. In these conditions, assuming that the signals corresponding to the four kinds of filters are represented by W, Ye, Cy and G in correspondence to the colors of the respective filters, a red signal and a blue signal are produced by the arithmetic operations represented by the following expressions:R=.alpha.W-.beta.Cy+.gamma.Ye-.delta.GB=.alpha.'W+.beta.'Cy-.gamma.'Ye-.delta.'Gwherein the respective arithmetic operational ratios .alpha., .beta., .gamma., .delta., .alpha.', .beta.', .gamma.', and .delta.

Abstract: A method for forming a deposition film by introducing a source gas into a reduced pressure deposition chamber, establishing an electric field across opposing electrode to cause discharge in the deposition chamber, and decomposing or polymerizing the source gas by a discharge energy or the discharge energy and a thermal energy to form the deposition film on a substrate disposed in the deposition chamber, characterized by that an auxiliary substrate is provided in adjacent to the substrate.

Abstract: Deburring apparatus for removing the burrs which are formed at the intersecting inner edges of at least two intersecting bores of a workpiece comprises; a frame having means for holding the workpiece; a cutter spindle borne rotatably in the frame; a cutter hinged to the leading end portion of the cutter spindle and biased to swing outwardly of the side thereof for cutting off the burrs at the inner edges of the bores of the workpiece held by the holding means of the frame when the cutter spindle is inserted into one of the bores and rotated; and a guide sleeve fitted slidably on the cutter spindle for sheathing the cutter, when the cutter spindle is inserted into or retracted out of the one of the bores, to protect the inner walls of the workpiece from damage, and for exposing the edge of the cutter to the outside when in the deburring operation. The cutter is directed along a curve of the inner edges of the bore of the workpiece by a cam on the frame engaged by a follower on the cutter spindle.