Abstract: A semiconductor integrated circuit device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a semiconductor substrate; an internal circuit formed on the semiconductor substrate, a first potential and a second potential being supplied to the internal circuit, thereby applying an operating voltage to the internal circuit; a fuse disposed above a semiconductor region of a first conductivity type, and electrically connected to the internal circuit, the semiconductor region being supplied with the second potential and being formed in the semiconductor substrate; and a protective element formed in the semiconductor region of the first conductivity type and protecting the internal circuit in response to positive and negative abnormal voltages generated in a wiring through which the fuse and the internal circuit are connected to each other.

Abstract: An image forming method using toner comprising toner particles having a core-shell structure comprising a core particle incorporating a viscous material and a shell layer covering the above core particle is disclosed. The method comprises steps of a toner image forming step on a dielectric drum; a first pressure applying step in which the shell layer of the toner particles forming the toner image is subjected to a preliminary break treatment by a first pressure roller, which is arranged in contact with the dielectric drum; and a transfer/fixing step in which a toner image made by the toner particles which have been subjected to a preliminary break treatment by the first pressure applying step is transferred and fixed to an image support by a second pressure roller which is arranged in contact with the dielectric drum.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a semiconductor memory device includes memory cells, first and second selection transistors, a source line, a temperature monitor, and a source line voltage controller. The memory cells are connected in series between a source of the first selection transistor and a drain of the second selection transistor. The temperature monitor monitors a temperature of the semiconductor substrate. The source line voltage controller applies a voltage to the source line, in a read operation, in such a manner that a potential difference between the source line and the semiconductor substrate increases according to a rise in the temperature monitored by the temperature monitor and that a reverse bias is applied between the source of the second selection transistor and the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a structural color display including: (a) a pattern forming member which forms a plurality of cells each lined up in two dimension; and (b) a light transmissive image display sheet comprising a color showing layer which shows a structural color, the light transmissive image display sheet being faced to the pattern forming member, wherein each cell is independently controlled to reflect a light from a light source corresponding to an image pattern to be displayed, provided that the reflected light is made to enter in the image display sheet from a side facing the pattern forming member by a predetermined incident angle corresponding to the cell. The pattern image forming member comprises the element having a plurality of microscopic mirrors arranged in a rectangular array and being individually rotated.

Abstract: A method of recycling an image forming material comprising the steps of holding a toner image formed by employing toner particles in a toner holding layer formed on an image supporting substrate to form a first generation image print, separating the toner particles from the first generation image print; and recycling the separated toner particles to form a second generation image print by holding a toner image formed by employing the separated toner particles in a toner holding layer formed on an image supporting substrate, provided that the image forming material comprises at least toner particles, wherein Condition (1) 0.9?B/A?0.1 and Condition (2) 1?C/A?0.9 are satisfied, A, B and C representing particle shape factors of original toner particles, toner particles held in the image holding layer of the first generation image print; and separated toner particles, respectively.

Abstract: An image forming method comprising the step of: forming a toner image employing toner particles containing at least a resin on an image supporting substrate having thereon a toner holding layer via a toner image holding process to form an image print, the toner image being held in the toner holding layer in the toner image holding process, wherein at least the toner particles or the image supporting substrate is separated from the image print via a separation process; and at least the separated toner particles or the separated image supporting substrate is recyclable as an image forming material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a structural color display including: (a) a pattern forming member which forms a plurality of cells each lined up in two dimension; and (b) a light transmissive image display sheet comprising a color showing layer which shows a structural color, the light transmissive image display sheet being laminated on the pattern forming member, wherein each of the cells is independently controlled to switch to a light reflective state or to a light absorptive state corresponding to an image pattern to be displayed, provided that the light absorptive state is a state in which a light which enters in the cell through the image display sheet is absorbed; and the light reflective state is a state in which a light which enters in the cell through the image display sheet is reflected and the reflected light is made to enter in a region of the image display sheet corresponding to the cell.

Abstract: Provided is a display member containing: an display layer which exhibits a structural color and contains spherical bodies and a matrix; and a reflective interface which reflects a light transmitting through the display layer, wherein the reflective interface is made between the display layer and a reflective interface forming layer which is provided in contact with the display layer; and a refractive index of the spherical bodies na, a refractive index of the matrix nb and a refractive index of the reflective interface forming layer nc satisfy the following Formulas (1) and (2): 0.35<nc/na<1.00 ??Formula (1) 0.35<nc/nb<1.00.

Abstract: A method for optimizing a structure of an industrial product includes selecting control factors from among manufacturing parameters affecting a target characteristic, which is scheduled to be manufactured by a sequence of manufacturing processes; setting levels to the respective control factors; selecting a reference characteristic having a trade-off relation with the target characteristic from among characteristics of the structure; setting a reference value to the reference characteristic; selecting a prior adjustment factor affecting the reference characteristic; creating conditions for experiments assigning combinations of the levels to the respective control factors; determining an adjustment value of the prior adjustment factor so that each of characteristic values of the reference characteristic obtained by the experiments conforms substantially to the reference value; and determining experimental characteristic values of the target characteristic using the adjustment value.

Abstract: Disclosed is a structural color display including: (a) a pattern forming member which forms a plurality of cells each lined up in two dimension; and (b) a light transmissive image display sheet comprising a color showing layer which shows a structural color, the light transmissive image display sheet being laminated on the pattern forming member, wherein each of the cells is independently controlled to switch to a light reflective state or to a light absorptive state corresponding to an image pattern to be displayed, provided that the light absorptive state is a state in which a light which enters in the cell through the image display sheet is absorbed; and the light reflective state is a state in which a light which enters in the cell through the image display sheet is reflected and the reflected light is made to enter in a region of the image display sheet corresponding to the cell.

Abstract: Disclosed is a structural color display including: (a) a pattern forming member which forms a plurality of cells each lined up in two dimension; and (b) a light transmissive image display sheet comprising a color showing layer which shows a structural color, the light transmissive image display sheet being faced to the pattern forming member, wherein each cell is independently controlled to reflect a light from a light source corresponding to an image pattern to be displayed, provided that the reflected light is made to enter in the image display sheet from a side facing the pattern forming member by a predetermined incident angle corresponding to the cell. The pattern image forming member comprises the element having a plurality of microscopic mirrors arranged in a rectangular array and being individually rotated.

Abstract: An indication member having an original structural color, is provided with an indication layer to cause a structural color change irreversibly by receiving a stimulus from the outside so as to exhibit another structural color different from the original structural color. The another structural color obtained by the structural color change is not reversed to the original structural color.

Abstract: Colored particles and their manufacturing method are disclosed. Each of the colored particles composed of a core shell structure comprising a core particle and a colored shell layer formed on a surface of the core particle; and the core particle is composed of a hydrophobic resin; the colored shell layer comprises an active agent structure resin having a hydrophobic part and a hydrophilic part, and a colorant particle; a volume based median particle diameter of the colored particles is 2 to 100 ?m; and a volume based CV value of the colored particles is 1.0 to 15.0%.

Abstract: An electrostatic latent image developing toner contains toner particles each of which has a shell layer on the surface of a core particle comprising at least a first binder resin having a softening point of less than 100° C., a second binder resin having a softening point of not less than 100° C. and a colorant, being applicable to a low-temperature fixing process, and making it possible to achieve conflict functions, such as a heat-resistant storing property, mechanical strength and charge environmental stability.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of preparing hollow particles comprising polymerizing a hydrophobic monomer to form a particulate resin exhibiting a number average molecular weight of from 20,000 to 500,000, dispersing the particulate resin in an aqueous medium to form a resin particle dispersion and adding thereto a hydrophobic cross-linkable monomer in an amount of from 0.1 to 50 parts by mass based on 1 part by mass of the particulate resin to polymerize the cross-linkable monomer to form hollow particles.

Abstract: A non-spherical resin particle giving a projection image viewing from at least one direction of approximately regular hexagonal shape in which each of the sides is convex to out side, wherein the particle satisfy the following formula when circumference length and the major diameter of the projection image of the non-spherical particle are each a and b, respectively, (3/?)?{a/(b×?)}?C.995, and the method for producing such the particle is characterized in that the method includes a step for forming the particle having the specific approximate hexagonal outline in a projection image viewing at least one direction by removing a swelling liquid from a swollen particle which is prepared by swelling a true-spherical particle by the swelling liquid containing a swelling agent and positioned on a substrate in a state of that the center portions of each of the adjacent three swollen particles are each positioned at each vertex of a regular triangle on a plane.

Abstract: A process of manufacturing a semiconductor device utilizing a thermo-chemical reaction is started based on preset initial settings, a state function of an atmosphere associated with the thermo-chemical reaction is measured, a state of the atmosphere and a change thereof are analyzed based on measurement data obtained by the measurement, and then, analysis data obtained by the analysis is fed back to a manufacturing process.

Abstract: A method for optimizing a structure of an industrial product includes selecting control factors from among manufacturing parameters affecting a target characteristic, which is scheduled to be manufactured by a sequence of manufacturing processes; setting levels to the respective control factors; selecting a reference characteristic having a trade-off relation with the target characteristic from among characteristics of the structure; setting a reference value to the reference characteristic; selecting a prior adjustment factor affecting the reference characteristic; creating conditions for experiments assigning combinations of the levels to the respective control factors; determining an adjustment value of the prior adjustment factor so that each of characteristic values of the reference characteristic obtained by the experiments conforms substantially to the reference value; and determining experimental characteristic values of the target characteristic using the adjustment value.

Abstract: A method for optimizing a structure of an industrial product includes selecting control factors from among manufacturing parameters affecting a target characteristic, which is scheduled to be manufactured by a sequence of manufacturing processes; setting levels to the respective control factors; selecting a reference characteristic having a trade-off relation with the target characteristic from among characteristics of the structure; setting a reference value to the reference characteristic; selecting a prior adjustment factor affecting the reference characteristic; creating conditions for experiments assigning combinations of the levels to the respective control factors; determining an adjustment value of the prior adjustment factor so that each of characteristic values of the reference characteristic obtained by the experiments conforms substantially to the reference value; and determining experimental characteristic values of the target characteristic using the adjustment value.

Abstract: A semiconductor integrated circuit device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a semiconductor substrate; an internal circuit formed on the semiconductor substrate, a first potential and a second potential being supplied to the internal circuit, thereby applying an operating voltage to the internal circuit; a fuse disposed above a semiconductor region of a first conductivity type, and electrically connected to the internal circuit, the semiconductor region being supplied with the second potential and being formed in the semiconductor substrate; and a protective element formed in the semiconductor region of the first conductivity type and protecting the internal circuit in response to positive and negative abnormal voltages generated in a wiring through which the fuse and the internal circuit are connected to each other.