Abstract: A method for optimizing a structure of an industrial product includes selecting control factors from among manufacturing parameters affecting a target characteristic, which is scheduled to be manufactured by a sequence of manufacturing processes; setting levels to the respective control factors; selecting a reference characteristic having a trade-off relation with the target characteristic from among characteristics of the structure; setting a reference value to the reference characteristic; selecting a prior adjustment factor affecting the reference characteristic; creating conditions for experiments assigning combinations of the levels to the respective control factors; determining an adjustment value of the prior adjustment factor so that each of characteristic values of the reference characteristic obtained by the experiments conforms substantially to the reference value; and determining experimental characteristic values of the target characteristic using the adjustment value.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a silicon substrate having a film thickness smaller than a maximum range of a particle generated by a nuclear reaction between a fast neutron and a silicon atom, and a semiconductor element formed on a surface of the silicon substrate.

Abstract: A toner includes core particles containing a resin and a colorant, and a coating layer formed over the core particles. The coating layer includes at least one type of coating particles selected from the group consisting of wax-containing resin microparticles containing a resin and a wax, and colorant-containing resin microparticles containing a resin and a colorant, the coating particles fusion-bonded to the surface of the core particles.

Abstract: A toner including core particles containing at least a resin and a colorant and coated with a resin coating layer is provided. The core particles are formed by flocculating and fusion-bonding at least resin microparticles and colorant microparticles dispersed in fluid dispersion, while two or more coating layers are formed over the core particles. A wax is added to at least one of the coating layer(s) but for the outermost coating layer, and the core particles. A ratio d/r between an average thickness d of the overall coating layers and a volume average particle size r of the core particles is adjusted to 0.01 to 0.6.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image-forming method and a image-forming device, wherein a specific photosensitive member, an exposing process and a toner are adopted in combination.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image-forming method and a image-forming device, wherein a specific photosensitive member, an exposing process and a toner are adopted in combination.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a silicon substrate having a film thickness smaller than a maximum range of a particle generated by a nuclear reaction between a fast neutron and a silicon atom, and a semiconductor element formed on a surface of the silicon substrate.

Abstract: Provide a bulky paper that provides improved paper-strength properties such as higher tensile strength without increasing paper density, while also offering good optical characteristics such as opacity and brightness, wherein the paper is produced by: (a) blending polyacrylamides that have an electric charge of 2.0 m-equivalent/g or less at pH2 and also 2.0 m-equivalent/g or less at pH12; (b) adding fillers comprising amorphous silica or silicate with a specific bulk density of 0.3 g/ml or less, bulk-increasing agents comprising fatty-acid polyamide compound or of ester compound of polyhydric alcohol and fatty acid, and/or mercerized pulps or bridged pulps; and (c) adjusting the relative bonding area of the paper containing polyacrylamides to 1.2 times the relative bonding area of a paper not containing polyacrylamides, or less.

Abstract: An electrostatic latent image developing toner contains toner particles each of which has a shell layer on the surface of a core particle comprising at least a first binder resin having a softening point of less than 100° C., a second binder resin having a softening point of not less than 100° C. and a colorant, being applicable to a low-temperature fixing process, and making it possible to achieve conflict functions, such as a heat-resistant storing property, mechanical strength and charge environmental stability.

Abstract: A toner includes core particles containing a resin and a colorant, and a coating layer formed over the core particles. The coating layer includes at least one type of coating particles selected from the group consisting of wax-containing resin microparticles containing a resin and a wax, and colorant-containing resin microparticles containing a resin and a colorant, the coating particles fusion-bonded to the surface of the core particles.

Abstract: A toner including core particles containing at least a resin and a colorant and coated with a resin coating layer is provided. The core particles are formed by flocculating and fusion-bonding at least resin microparticles and colorant microparticles dispersed in fluid dispersion, while two or more coating layers are formed over the core particles. A wax is added to at least one of the coating layer(s) but for the outermost coating layer, and the core particles. A ratio d/r between an average thickness d of the overall coating layers and a volume average particle size r of the core particles is adjusted to 0.01 to 0.6.

Abstract: To accommodate recent progress in printing technologies including conversion to offset printing, color printing, high-speed mass printing and automation of printing, by providing a coating layer containing an inorganic surface preparation agent mainly comprising silica sol and colloidal silica or a coating layer containing an inorganic surface preparation agent, to which an inorganic pigment, surface-sizing agent, inorganic salt and/or organic binder accordingly added in addition to silica sol or colloidal silica, offset paper serviceable for newsprint paper, which has improved qualities such as high whiteness, excellent water absorption resistance and ink acceptability, few adhesion troubles such as surface tack and curling caused by adhesion, and low chemical oxygen demand COD) load in wastewater when recycled, is provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image-forming method and a image-forming device, wherein a specific photosensitive member, an exposing process and a toner are adopted in combination.

Abstract: Produce a printing paper that offers sufficient bulk and flexibility by using a bulk-increasing/softening agent with a HLB of 6 or below, which is either a liquid or a solid with a melting point of 40° C. or below, wherein the agent may be an ester compound of polyhydric alcohol and higher fatty acid or a long-chain alkyl ammonium salt, and by adjusting the surface temperature of the paper during a preheating drying period (a period during a drying process before the temperature of a wet paper becomes constant) to at least 10° C. higher than the melting point of the bulk-increasing/softening agent.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an image forming method for forming an image on a reversible thermo-sensitive recording medium provided with a recording layer containing liquid crystal that exhibits a solid phase or a fixed phase at a room temperature and a cholesteric liquid crystal phase at higher temperature. Specifically, the image forming method comprises: a first heating process for heating the liquid crystal in a crystal phase to a first temperature that allows the liquid crystal to exhibit the cholesteric liquid crystal phase or an isotropic phase to form an image and for rapidly cooling the liquid crystal to fix thus formed image; and a second heating process for heating at least a part of an area of the recording medium containing at least a part of an area where the image has been formed to allow at least a part of the image to discolor or develop a color and for rapidly cooling the liquid crystal to fix thus discolored or developed image.

Abstract: Disclosed is a reversible thermosensible recording medium comprising a base board, a rewritable thermosensible recording layer which contains a liquid crystal compound showing a cholesteric liquid crystal phase and is provided on the base board, and a protective layer which is provided on the recording layer and contains an ultraviolet curing resin and at least one of a lubricant and an ultraviolet stabilizer.

Abstract: A method of assembling a wire harness circuit includes providing a plurality of module plates, attaching wire connection terminals to predetermined wires of a plurality of wire sub-harnesses, inserting one or more wire connection terminals into selected wire housing grooves on the module plates, laminating the module plates on each other so as to form a laminated body, and inserting at least one connection member into the laminated body through openings in the module plates to electrically connect selected wire connection terminals on respective module plates.

Abstract: A process of manufacturing a semiconductor device utilizing a thermo-chemical reaction is started based on preset initial settings, a state function of an atmosphere associated with the thermo-chemical reaction is measured, a state of the atmosphere and a change thereof are analyzed based on measurement data obtained by the measurement, and then, analysis data obtained by the analysis is fed back to a manufacturing process.

Abstract: Disclosed are a liquid crystal composition that is phase-changeable to a cholesteric liquid crystal phase when subjected to rapid heating or to a non-cholesteric liquid crystal phase when subjected to continuous heating, and a reversible thermal recording medium including a recording layer 3 containing the liquid crystal composition provided on a substrate 2. The recording medium assumes a state that causes selective reflection of light having a desired wavelength when subjected to rapid heating and subsequent rapid cooling, or a transparent state or a scattering white-colored state when subjected to continuous heating, whereby information is recorded.

Abstract: The present invention relates to toner comprising a binder resin and a colorant, wherein the toner is manufactured by a wet-type granulation method using an organic dispersing agent, an aqueous extract liquid having a surface tension of 50 to 72 mN/m at 25° C., the aqueous extract liquid obtained by mixing 1 part-by-weight toner and 50 parts-by-weight distilled water for 1 hour at 80° C.