Abstract: An image forming method comprises: fixing an image formed by a toner on a record sheet in a nip member formed by a pressurizing member which is compressibly contacted against a heating fixing rotor having an elastic body layer formed on an endless periphery surface capable of orbitally moving and which creates locally a large distortion occurred in the elastic body layer in vicinity of outlet thereof, wherein the toner includes at least two metal salts having different valence and has a relationship given by the Formula (1). 2.0?a?0.1 1.0?b?0.01 7.5?a/b?1.1 ??Formula (1) wherein a (mass %) is defined as a content of a metal salt which is contained at a highest content in total toner mass and b (mass %) is defined as a content of a metal salt which is contained at a second-highest content in the total toner mass, and mass values of a and b represent anhydride reduced values.

Abstract: The present invention has for its object to provide a process for manufacturing multilayer printed circuit boards which is capable of simultaneous via hole filling and formation of conductor circuit and via holes of good crystallinity and uniform deposition can be constructed on a substrate and high-density wiring and highly reliable conductor connections can be realized without annealing.

Abstract: The toner for developing an electrostatic image, includes a toner particle containing a binder resin and a colorant. The colorant has Feret's average horizontal diameter from 10 nm to 500 nm, and 50 number % or more of colorant has a Feret's horizontal diameter of from 2 nm to 300 nm.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing toner having: a toner particle having a colorant and a resin; and a surfactant having two or more anionic groups within one molecule in an amount of 10 ppm to 10,000 ppm.

Abstract: A board 20 is provided with a Cu film 30 as a conformal mask, in which are formed a register mark 30b and an opening 3a through which a via hole is formed. A camera senses this register mark 30b so that the position of the board 30 is determined. A laser beam is directed to the approximate position of the opening 30a, so that the opening 26a through which the via hole is drilled is formed. The accuracy of the position of the opening of the via hole depends on the accuracy of the position of the opening 30a in the Cu film 30 as the conformal mask. Therefore, the via hole can be formed at an adequate position despite the low accuracy of the position for laser irradiation.

Abstract: A toner production method includes the step of: controlling a shape of toner particles in a shape controlling region to control the shape of toner particles in a water based medium, wherein the shape controlling region has a toner channel for the toner particles and a temperature controller capable of controlling at least two zones.

Abstract: A multi-layer printed wiring board includes a board covered with a conductor layer, an interlayer insulating resin layer, an etched metal film on the interlayer insulating resin layer, and a via hole. The interlayer insulating resin layer has a fibrous substrate. The via hole has an electrolytic plated film and an electrolessly plated film and connects the conductor layer of the board and the etched metal film.

Abstract: An image forming method comprises: fixing an image formed by a toner on a record sheet in a nip member formed by a pressurizing member which is compressibly contacted against a heating fixing rotor having an elastic body layer formed on an endless periphery surface capable of orbitally moving and which creates locally a large distortion occurred in the elastic body layer in vicinity of outlet thereof, wherein the toner includes at least two metal salts having different valence and has a relationship given by the Formula (1) 2.0?a?0.1 1.0?b?0.01 7.5?a/b?1.1??Formula (1) wherein a (mass %) is defined as a content of a metal salt which is contained at a highest content in total toner mass and b (mass %) is defined as a content of a metal salt which is contained at a second-highest content in the total toner mass, and mass values of a and b represent anhydride reduced values.

Abstract: A toner for developing an electrostatic image, includes a toner particle containing a binder resin and a colorant, wherein a Feret's average horizontal diameter of the colorant is from 10 nm to 500 nm, a ratio of the colorant having the Feret's horizontal diameter of from 2 nm to 300 nm is 50% by number or more, and the colorant contains a compound or a lake of the compound.

Abstract: A toner for electrostatic latent image development includes a coloring agent and a resin wherein the toner is formed by a polymerization method and a content of aromatic amine contained in the toner is 50 ppm or less, and a volume average particle size of the toner is 3 to 8 ?m; and an image forming method employs the same toner.

Abstract: A filet F is added to a portion constituting a corner portion C equal to or smaller than 90° in a crossing portion X of wiring patterns 58b, 58c and 58d, and a wiring pattern 58 is formed. Since the filet F is added, the wiring patterns are not made thin and are not disconnected in the crossing portion X. Further, since there is no stress concentrated to the crossing portion X, disconnection is not caused in the wiring patterns and no air bubbles are left between the crossing portion X of the wiring patterns and an interlayer resin insulating layer so that reliability of a printed wiring board is improved.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an optical transmission structural body capable of preferably transmitting an optical signal between an optical wiring and an optical waveguide irrespective of a shape of a portion of the optical wiring, the portion being connected to a core part of the optical waveguide. The optical transmission structural body of the present invention is constituted so that at least an optical wiring and an optical waveguide are connected to each other and an optical signal can be transmitted between a core of the optical wiring and a core part of the optical waveguide, wherein a portion of the optical wiring, the portion being connected to the core part of the optical waveguide, is not specially subjected to a planarization processing or has a surface roughness Ra based on JIS B 0601 of 0.1 ?m or more.

Abstract: An image forming method for forming a full color toner image by overlaying four color electrostatic image developing toners of black, yellow, magenta and cyan, wherein at least one of the four color electrostatic image developing toners is a toner containing a large diameter external additive in a larger amount and at least one is a toner containing the large diameter external additive in a smaller amount, in which the primary particle diameter of the large diameter external additive is from 150 nm to 2,000 nm, the content of the large diameter external additive in the toner containing the large diameter external additive in larger amount is from 0.06% by weight to 4.0% by weight and the content of the large diameter external additive in the toner containing the large diameter external additive in the smaller amount is not more than 0.05% by weight.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for forming color image, in which one of the yellow, magenta, cyan and black toners is a high water content toner, and one of the yellow, magenta, cyan and black toners is a toner low water content toner, water content of the high water content toner is 1.2 to 2.5 % by weight based on the high water content toner, and water content of the low water content toner is 0.1 to 1.2% by weight based on the low water content toner.

Abstract: A toner for electrostatic latent image development contains a toner particle having a median diameter (d50) in number standard of 2.5 ?m to 7.5 ?m, acrylate of less than 12 ppm and aliphatic alcohol of 4 to 12 carbons of 40 ppm to 300 ppm.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing toner having: a toner particle having a colorant and a resin; and a surfactant having two or more anionic groups within one molecule in an amount of 10 ppm to 10,000 ppm.

Abstract: A toner for forming an electrophotographic image is disclosed. The toner particle contains at least two inorganic salts including an inorganic salt comprising a positive ion having a first valence and an inorganic salt comprising a positive ion having a second valence different from the first valence, a total amount of the inorganic salt having the first valence is greatest among the inorganic salts in the toner particle, and a total amount of the inorganic salt having the second valence is second greatest among the inorganic salts in the toner particle.

Abstract: An electrostatic image developing toner comprising a resin and a colorant is disclosed. The resin comprises a polymerization component of a polymerizable monomer having a polar group in an amount of 1.0 to 10.0 percent by weight, and a polymerization component of a polyfunctional polymerizable monomer in an amount of 0.1 to 10.0 percent by weight; ratio (A/B) is from 0.5 to 20.0 percent; and either a peak or a shoulder is positioned in the molecular weight region of 5,000 to 20,000, wherein A is an area of a chromatograph curve in the molecular weight region of 60,000 to 1,000,000, based on GCP measurement of a THF soluble component of toner and B is an entire area of the chromatograph curve.

Abstract: The present invention has for its object to provide a process for manufacturing multilayer printed circuit boards which is capable of simultaneous via hole filling and formation of conductor circuit and via holes of good crystallinity and uniform deposition can be constructed on a substrate and high-density wiring and highly reliable conductor connections can be realized without annealing.

Abstract: An opening is formed in resin 20 by a laser beam so that a via hole is formed. At this time, copper foil 22, the thickness of which is reduced (to 3 &mgr;m) by performing etching to lower the thermal conductivity is used as a conformal mask. Therefore, an opening 20a can be formed in the resin 20 if the number of irradiation of pulse-shape laser beam is reduced. Therefore, occurrence of undercut of the resin 20 which forms an interlayer insulating resin layer can be prevented. Thus, the reliability of the connection of the via holes can be improved.