Abstract: A magnetic recording medium has a nonmagnetic substrate, a nonmagnetic underlayer containing at least one metal selected from Ru, Os, and Re laminated on the substrate, and a magnetic layer including ferromagnetic crystal grains and nonmagnetic grain boundaries surrounding the ferromagnetic crystal grains laminated on the underlayer. The underlayer is deposited in a gas atmosphere containing argon and at least one of krypton and xenon in an amount sufficient to reduce the argon remaining in the underlayer to less than 1,000 ppm. Such a gas atmosphere contains at least 10% of krypton or xenon, and pressurized to a range of 30-70 mTorr. The underlayer is formed having film structure composed of fine particles, which is suitable for controlling the structure of the magnetic layer.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium and manufacture method therefore and magnetic recording apparatus include a nonmagnetic base layer, a nonmagnetic intermediate layer, and a magnetic layer. The nonmagnetic base layer, the nonmagnetic intermediate layer, and the magnetic layer are sequentially stacked on a nonmagnetic substrate to control a partial pressure of H2O in an Ar atmosphere during film formation to make crystal grains of the magnetic layer finer, to obtain a uniform grain size, and to exhibit ferromagnetism and a nonmagnetic grain boundary surrounding the fine crystal grains.

Abstract: There comprises reading out a video game soft program from a video game program recording medium body (60) having a video game soft program recorded including a video game soft program (60A), privilege information (60B) corresponding to a game stage of a video game progressed in accordance with a video game program, and a printing control program (60C) capable of printing privilege information corresponding to a cleared game stage when the game stage is cleared; progressing a video game in accordance with the video game soft program; and converting privilege information corresponding to a cleared game stage in accordance with the printing control program when the game stage of the video game is cleared to print it.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium and a manufacturing method therefore includes a protective film, a nonmagnetic substrate, a nonmagnetic base layer, a nonmagnetic intermediate layer, a magnetic layer, and a liquid lubricant layer. The nonmagnetic base layer has a body-centered cubic structure and a (200) plane including a crystal-orientation parallel with a surface of the protective film. The nonmagnetic intermediate layer has a hexagonal close-packed structure and a (110) plane including a crystal-orientation parallel with the surface of the protective film. The magnetic layer has a granular structure including hexagonal close-packed ferromagnetic crystal grains and oxide-based nonmagnetic grain boundaries surrounding the ferromagnetic crystal grains. The nonmagnetic base layer, the nonmagnetic intermediate layer, the magnetic layer, the protective film, and the liquid lubricant layer are sequentially stacked on the nonmagnetic substrate.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium exhibits a high coercive force and suppresses noises caused therefrom at a low level. The magnetic recording medium includes a nonmagnetic substrate, a nonmagnetic undercoating layer on the substrate where the undercoating layer has a hexagonal close packing structure or a combination of the hexagonal close packing structure and a body center cubic structure. The magnetic recording medium includes a nonmagnetic intermediate layer on the undercoating layer, where the intermediate layer has a hexagonal close packing structure or a combination of the hexagonal close packing structure and a body center cubic structure, and a magnetic layer on the intermediate layer. The magnetic layer has a granular structure formed of ferromagnetic crystal grains and oxide grain boundaries or nitride grain boundaries surrounding the ferromagnetic crystal grains.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium has a non-magnetic under-layer, a magnetic layer, a protective film and a liquid lubricant layer sequentially laminated on a non-magnetic substrate. The magnetic layer has a multi-layer structure laminated with two or more magnetic layer components, each of the magnetic layer components having ferromagnetic grains and non-magnetic grain boundaries surrounding the grain. The resulting magnetic recording medium has a granular magnetic layer exhibiting very high Hc accompanying high density of magnetic recording, while decreasing the amount of platinum needed for attaining the high Hc, and reducing media noise accompanying the high recording density.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium has at least a non-magnetic under-layer, a magnetic layer, a protective layer and a liquid lubricant layer sequentially laminated on a non-magnetic substrate. The magnetic layer includes ferromagnetic grains and non-magnetic grain boundaries formed of metallic oxide or carbide surrounding the ferromagnetic grains. A non-magnetic intermediate layer, having grains of non-magnetic substance and non-magnetic grain boundaries, formed of metallic oxide or carbide, surrounding the grains of non-magnetic substance, is provided between the non-magnetic under-layer and the magnetic layer. The resulting magnetic recording medium exhibits a high coercive force, Hc, and low noise. Furthermore, the resulting magnetic recording medium prevents the deterioration of the media characteristics in an initial growth region in the granular magnetic layer.

Abstract: In a magnetic recording medium, a plurality of non-magnetic metallic intermediate layers is laminated between an under-layer and a magnetic layer. One of the intermediate layers is composed of at least an element selected from the group consisting of Ru, Re and Os and contains oxygen, and another is composed of a CoCr alloy containing at least an element selected from the group consisting of Nb, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ta, W, Re Os, Ir and Pt. The resulting magnetic recording medium provides reduced costs and improved recording characteristics.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium achieves excellent noise reduction by controlling the crystal orientation of a magnetic layer without thermal processing. The magnetic recording medium includes multiple layers laminated to a substrate. These layers include at least the magnetic layer and a non-magnetic under layer. The magnetic layer has a granular structure consisting of ferromagnetic grains with a hexagonal close-packed structure and non-magnetic grain boundaries composed mainly oxide or a nitride. The non-magnetic under-layer is a material having a body centered cubic crystal structure with a preferential orientation along a (200) plane parallel to a film surface of the under-layer.

Abstract: A manufacturing method achieves excellent magnetic recording characteristics by sequentially sputtering a non-magnetic under-layer, a non-magnetic intermediate layer, and a magnetic layer on a non-magnetic substrate in an atmosphere of H2O partial pressure of 2×10−10 Torr or lower. This process allows beneficial deposition of the magnetic layer and reduces raw materials costs. The magnetic layer includes ferromagnetic grains and non-magnetic grain boundaries. The intermediate layer has a hexagonal close-packed crystal structure. The manufacturing method allows manufacture of a high quality magnetic recording medium without a heating step thereby allowing use of lower cost materials, reduces manufacturing time, and increases savings.

Abstract: The present invention provides a magnetic recording medium including at least a nonmagnetic undercoat layer, a nonmagnetic metallic intermediate layer, a magnetic layer, a protective film, and a liquid lubricant layer sequentially laminated on a nonmagnetic substrate, wherein the magnetic layer contains crystal grains having ferromagnetism and nonmagnetic grain boundaries surrounding the crystal grains, and the nonmagnetic metallic intermediate layer contains at least one layer, and the crystal structure of each layer being a hexagonal close-packed structure; and a method for producing the magnetic recording medium. The magnetic recording medium shows high coercive force Hc and a low medium noise, and its manufacturing cost is also low.

Abstract: An alignment apparatus, which includes a stage which is supported by compressed fluid ejected from a bearing pad in a non-contact state from a translation drive guide, a linear motor serving as a driving device of the stage, position detectors for detecting the position of the stage, and a controller for aligning the stage on the basis of a position signal detected by the position detectors, attains high alignment precision by including a plurality of gap driving devices for changing the support force of the stage by varying the bearing gap of the stage, a plurality of displacement detectors for detecting any displacements of the bearing gap, and a controller for controlling any rotational vibration produced upon driving the stage by combining alignment control for synchronously controlling the linear motor and control for the support force by the bearing gap driving device, on the basis of signals detected by the position detectors of the stage and the displacement detectors for detecting the displacements o

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium is provided which includes a non-magnetic base, and a non-magnetic metal base layer, a magnetic layer, and a protective layer, which are laminated in the order of description on the non-magnetic base, wherein the non-magnetic metal base layer is formed from an alloy film in which at least one element selected from the group consisting of W, Ta, Hf, Mo, Cr, Zr and Nb is added to NiAl.

Abstract: In a magnetic recording medium in which at least Cr or Cr-alloy base layer and Co-alloy magnetic layer are formed in this order on a substrate, a seed layer is provided between the substrate and the base layer. In a preferred embodiment, the seed layer is made of a material selected from Al--Co, Cu--Si, Ni--Ga, Cu--Be, Mn--V, Ni--Zn and Fe--V each having a specific composition. Where the substrate is formed of a glass material, the base layer and magnetic layer are formed by sputtering on the substrate while the substrate is kept at a temperature of 150.degree. to 300.degree. C. and a bias voltage of -300 to 0 V is applied to the substrate.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium includes an uneven layer, a non-magnetic metal base layer, a magnetic layer and a protective layer which are laminated on a non-magnetic base in the order of description. The uneven layer includes non-magnetic metal deposits containing nitrogen or oxygen, and consists of mutually isolated protrusions having a crystalline phase, which are discretely dispersed on the surface of the non-magnetic base, and a connecting layer having an amorphous phase for filling spaces between the protrusions so as to connect the protrusions with each other.

Abstract: A video printer includes a chassis, a platen rotatably mounted on the chassis, a printing head carried by the chassis so as to be moved between a pressure-contact position in which the printing head is pressure-contacted with the platen and a standby position in which the printing head is spaced apart from the platen, a roll for pressure-contacting a transfer sheet against the platen, and a cutter provided at a position spaced apart from the printing head and proximate to the sheet exit opening. The transfer sheet is provided in a sheet guide system through a space between the platen and the printing head as far as a sheet exit opening. The printing head is moved to the pressure-contact position during printing time and to the standby position during non-printing time. When printing an image on the transfer sheet, the transfer sheet is rewound by a distance less than a distance between the printing head and the cutter for effective utilization of the transfer sheet.

Abstract: A video printer includes a chassis, a platen rotatably mounted on the chassis, a printing head carried by the chassis so as to be moved between a pressure-contact position in which the printing head is pressure-contacted with the platen and a standby position in which the printing head is spaced apart from the platen, a roll for pressure-contacting a transfer sheet against the platen, and a cutter provided at a position spaced apart from the printing head and proximate to the sheet exit opening. The transfer sheet is provided in a sheet guide system through a space between the platen and the printing head as far as a sheet exit opening. The printing head is moved to the pressure-contact position during printing operation to the standby position during non-printing operation. When printing an image on the transfer sheet, the transfer sheet is rewound by a distance less than a distance between the printing head and the cutter for effective utilization of the transfer sheet.

Abstract: A disturbance compensation system for a camera on board a spacecraft and having an imaging device and condensing means for condensing light onto the imaging device. Linear actuators adjust the position of the imaging device by moving it with multifreedom. A control circuit computes, in response to position information associated with the imaging device, an amount in which the position of the imaging device should be corrected, and controls the linear actuators on the basis of the computed amount.

Abstract: A method of pleating a garment, wherein an unfinished garment, prepared by sewing cloth parts together, is folded, rolled and twisted, and then attached to a holder. The holder holding the garment is placed in a heat-treatment apparatus, and the unfinished garment is heat-treated and pleated at the same time in the heat-treatment apparatus filled with saturated steam.

Abstract: A method of pleating an unfinished garment, wherein an unfinished garment prepared by sewing cloth parts together is folded around a core plate, the unfinished garment, thus folded, is placed in a case. The case containing the folded garment is inserted into a heat-treating apparatus, and the folded garment is simultaneously heat-treating and pleated.