Abstract: A physiological monitoring system may determine physiological information, such as physiological rate information, from physiological data. The system may condition the physiological data to assist in the determination of the physiological information. The system may calculate differences based on the physiological data and identify differences that exceed a threshold. The calculated differences may, for example, be a derivative signal. The system may modify the physiological data based on the identified differences. The modification may include reducing, or otherwise limiting, some differences between adjacent values in the physiological data.

Abstract: A physiological monitoring system may determine physiological information, such as physiological rate information, from a physiological signal. The system may receive a calculated value indicative of a physiological rate. The system may determine a value indicative of noise in the physiological signal and adjust at least one criterion for qualifying or disqualifying the calculated value based on the value indicative of noise. The criterion may, for example, be a threshold and the threshold may be adjusted based on the value indicative of noise. The system may qualify or disqualify the calculated value based on the at least one adjusted criterion.

Abstract: A physiological monitoring system may determine physiological information, such as physiological rate information, and other information, such as noise information, from a physiological signal. The system may generate a difference signal based on the physiological signal and sort the difference signal to generate a sorted difference signal. The system may identify one or more data points of the sorted difference signal as being associated with noise. For example, one or more end data points may be identified as being associated with noise based on a threshold. The system may determine a value indicative of noise based on the identified data points.

Abstract: A physiological monitoring system may determine physiological information, such as physiological rate information, from a physiological signal. The system may generate a correlation sequence using two segments of the physiological signal. The system may determine a first correlation lag value that corresponds to a peak in the correlation sequence, and also determine a second correlation lag value equal to a fraction of the first correlation lag value. The fraction may be, for example, one half. The system may qualify or disqualify the correlation lag value based on the correlation value at the second lag value. The system may compare the correlation value at the second lag value to a threshold, to the correlation sequence at the first lag value, or both.

Abstract: A physiological monitoring system may determine physiological information, such as physiological rate information, from a physiological signal. The system may determine a first metric value indicative of a physiological classification based on the physiological signal. An algorithm setting may be determined based on the physiological classification. The system may determine a second metric value indicative of a different physiological classification based on the physiological signal. A different algorithm may be determined based on the different physiological classification. The algorithm setting may, for example, affect the amount of filtering applied to the physiological signal.

Abstract: A physiological monitoring system may determine physiological information, such as physiological rate information, from a physiological signal. The system may condition the physiological signal to assist in the determination of the physiological information. The system may generate a signal based on a stability function applied to the physiological signal. The stability function may include a Lyapunov function. The system may generate a difference signal based on the stability function, and modify the physiological signal based on the difference signal. The modification may include reducing, or otherwise limiting, some differences between adjacent values in the physiological signal, removing portions of the physiological signal, or other modifications.

Abstract: A physiological monitoring system may determine physiological information, such as physiological rate information, and other information, such as noise information, from a physiological signal. The system may generate a first difference signal based on a first segment of the physiological signal and sort the first difference signal to generate a first sorted difference signal. The system may generate a second difference signal based on a second segment of the physiological signal and sort the second difference signal to generate a second sorted difference signal. The first and second sorted difference signals may be analyzed and a value indicative of noise may be determined based on the analysis.

Abstract: A physiological monitoring system may determine physiological information, such as physiological rate information, from a physiological signal. The system may generate a difference signal based on the physiological signal. The system may determine positive areas associated with positive regions of the difference signal and negative areas associated with negative regions of the difference signal. The system may determine area ratios based on adjacent positive and negative regions of the difference signal. The system may determine an algorithm setting based on the area ratios. The algorithm setting may, for example, affect the amount of filtering applied to the physiological signal.

Abstract: A physiological monitoring system may process a physiological signal such a photoplethysmograph signal from a subject. The system may determine physiological information, such as a physiological rate, from the physiological signal. The system may use search techniques and qualification techniques to determine one or more initialization parameters. The initialization parameters may be used to calculate and qualify a physiological rate. The system may use signal conditioning to reduce noise in the physiological signal and to improve the determination of physiological information. The system may use qualification techniques to confirm determined physiological parameters. The system may also use autocorrelation techniques, cross-correlation techniques, fast start techniques, and/or reference waveforms when processing the physiological signal.

Abstract: A physiological monitoring system may process a physiological signal such a photoplethysmograph signal from a subject. The system may determine physiological information, such as a physiological rate, from the physiological signal. The system may use search techniques and qualification techniques to determine one or more initialization parameters. The initialization parameters may be used to calculate and qualify a physiological rate. The system may use signal conditioning to reduce noise in the physiological signal and to improve the determination of physiological information. The system may use qualification techniques to confirm determined physiological parameters. The system may also use autocorrelation techniques, cross-correlation techniques, fast start techniques, and/or reference waveforms when processing the physiological signal.

Abstract: A physiological monitoring system may determine physiological information, such as physiological rate information, from a physiological signal. The system may determine a skew metric based on the physiological signal. The system may determine an algorithm setting based on a reference relationship between the determined skew metric and a value indicative of a physiological rate. The algorithm setting may, for example, affect the amount of filtering applied to the physiological signal.

Abstract: A physiological monitoring system may determine physiological information, such as physiological rate information, from a physiological signal. The system may receive a calculated value indicative of a physiological rate. The system may determine difference values between a first collection of values of the physiological signal and another collection of corresponding value of the physiological signal spaced from the first collection based on the calculated value. The system may sum the difference values, and qualify or disqualify the calculated value based on the sum. The difference values may have positive and negative values, or the system may calculate an absolute value of each difference value prior to summing. The sum may be compared to a threshold to determine whether to qualify or disqualify the calculated value.

Abstract: A physiological monitoring system may determine physiological information, such as physiological rate information, from a physiological signal. The system may condition the physiological signal to assist in the determination of the physiological information. The system may generate a difference signal based on the physiological signal and sort the difference signal. The system may identify values in the sorted difference signal that exceed a threshold, and modify the physiological signal based on the identified values. The modification may include reducing, or otherwise limiting, some differences between adjacent values in the physiological signal.

Abstract: A physiological monitoring system may process a physiological signal such a photoplethysmograph signal from a subject. The system may determine physiological information, such as a physiological rate, from the physiological signal. The system may use search techniques and qualification techniques to determine one or more initialization parameters. The initialization parameters may be used to calculate and qualify a physiological rate. The system may use signal conditioning to reduce noise in the physiological signal and to improve the determination of physiological information. The system may use qualification techniques to confirm determined physiological parameters. The system may also use autocorrelation techniques, cross-correlation techniques, fast start techniques, and/or reference waveforms when processing the physiological signal.

Abstract: A physiological monitoring system may determine physiological information, such as physiological rate information, from a physiological signal. The system may apply a bandpass filter to the physiological signal to assist in the determination of the physiological information. The system may determine a value indicative of a physiological rate and a metric based on the physiological signal. The system may select one or more settings, such as the center frequency and bandwidth, of the bandpass filter based on the rate and based on the metric, and apply the bandpass filter to the physiological signal.

Abstract: A physiological monitoring system may process a physiological signal such a photoplethysmograph signal from a subject. The system may determine physiological information, such as a physiological rate, from the physiological signal. The system may use search techniques and qualification techniques to determine one or more initialization parameters. The initialization parameters may be used to calculate and qualify a physiological rate. The system may use signal conditioning to reduce noise in the physiological signal and to improve the determination of physiological information. The system may use qualification techniques to confirm determined physiological parameters. The system may also use autocorrelation techniques, cross-correlation techniques, fast start techniques, and/or reference waveforms when processing the physiological signal.

Abstract: A physiological monitoring system may determine physiological information, such as physiological rate information, from a physiological signal. The system may generate a first difference signal based on the physiological signal. The system may sort the first difference signal to generate a sorted difference signal. The system may generate a second difference signal based on the sorted difference signal. The system may determine an algorithm setting based on the second difference signal. The algorithm setting may, for example, affect the amount of filtering applied to the physiological signal.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for implementing thermal printing techniques onto thermally sensitive print media use one or more laser arrays to provide optical heating. Thermal management of the laser arrays is described. Techniques for alignment of multiple monolithic arrays onto a common carrier are described. Various output optics are described.