Abstract: Hybrid composite components, such as gas turbine engine containment assemblies, and methods of forming such components are provided. For example, a hybrid composite component comprises an annular composite shell and an annular metallic shell joined with the composite shell. At least one segment of the metallic shell interlocks with the composite shell or another segment of the metallic shell along an axial length. An exemplary containment assembly comprises a containment case extending along an axial direction about a longitudinal centerline of the gas turbine engine. The containment case has an inner surface and an outer surface spaced apart along a radial direction and includes an annular composite shell joined with an annular metallic shell. The metallic shell defines a first portion of the inner surface and the composite shell defines a second portion of the inner surface.

Abstract: A rotor blade for a gas turbine engine includes an airfoil section and a root section extending along a longitudinal direction between an upstream surface and a downstream surface. The root section further extends along a radial direction between an inner surface positioned at an inner end of the root section and an outer end coupled to the airfoil section. Moreover, the root section extends along a circumferential direction between a first side surface and a second side surface. Furthermore, the root section defines a longitudinal centerline extending along the longitudinal direction and positioned equidistant from the inner surface and the outer end in the radial direction. The root section includes a first portion formed from a composite material and a second portion formed from a metallic material, with the longitudinal centerline extending through the second portion of the root section.

Abstract: Hybrid material components and methods of forming hybrid material components are provided. For example, a hybrid material component comprises a plurality of metallic tows and a plurality of non-metallic tows. Each metallic tow of the plurality of metallic tows is surrounded by a portion of the plurality of non-metallic tows such that the plurality of metallic tows are embedded within the plurality of non-metallic tows. An exemplary hybrid material component is a containment assembly of a gas turbine engine. Methods of forming such components include forming a hybrid material; laying up a plurality of layers of the material to form a layup; and processing the layup such that a plurality of metallic tows and a plurality of non-metallic tows are co-cured.

Abstract: An airfoil defining a span extending between a root and a tip. The airfoil includes a frangible airfoil portion extending between a leading edge and a trailing edge and extending between the tip and a fusion line along the span. The frangible airfoil portion includes a first material defining a first modulus of elasticity and further defines an internal cavity. The airfoil includes a residual airfoil portion coupled to the frangible airfoil portion extending from the fusion line to the root along the span and including a second material defining a second modulus of elasticity greater than the first modulus of elasticity. The residual airfoil portion meets the frangible airfoil portion at the fusion line.

Abstract: A propulsion system including a casing surrounding a fan rotor assembly is provided. An example casing includes an outer layer material, an inner layer material including first openings extended partially through the inner layer material along a radial direction of a first side of the inner layer material, and second openings extended partially through the inner layer material along the radial direction of a second side of the inner layer material opposite the first side, and a spring member coupled to the outer layer material and the inner layer material.

Abstract: Airframe localized keel structures are disclosed. An example aircraft includes an airframe, a first engine mounted on a first side of the airframe, a second engine mounted on a second side of the airframe, and an airframe keel positioned on at least one of a lower portion of the airframe or an upper portion of the airframe between the first engine and the second engine, the airframe keel to prevent an object from exiting the first engine and impacting the second engine.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for determining an emotional state of a user based on a facial expression of the user and causing to display the emotional state of the user to the user is provided.

Abstract: A blade for a propulsion apparatus that includes a body formed of a first material having opposed pressure and suction sides, and extending in span between a root and a boundary, and extending in chord between a leading edge and a trailing edge. A tip region that is formed of a second material and that is positioned such that it extends from the body and defines a tip. The tip region joins the body at the boundary. The tip region is configured to fail when a predetermined force is applied to the tip such that the tip separates from the blade and defines a fused tip.

Abstract: A rotor disk for a gas turbine engine includes a disk body having a central bore extending therethrough. The disk body includes a bore body that extends around the central bore, a web that extends radially outward from the bore body having decreased thickness relative to the bore body and a peripheral rim that is located at an outer end of the web. The peripheral rim includes blade mounting structures for engaging complimentary mounting structures of rotor blades. The bore body has a bore cavity that extends continuously through the bore body and about an entire periphery of the central bore. The bore cavity has a central axis that forms a circle about the central bore.

Abstract: A rotor blade for a gas turbine engine includes an airfoil section and a root section extending along a longitudinal direction between an upstream surface and a downstream surface. The root section further extends along a radial direction between an inner surface positioned at an inner end of the root section and an outer end coupled to the airfoil section. Moreover, the root section extends along a circumferential direction between a first side surface and a second side surface. Furthermore, the root section defines a longitudinal centerline extending along the longitudinal direction and positioned equidistant from the inner surface and the outer end in the radial direction. The root section includes a first portion formed from a composite material and a second portion formed from a metallic material, with the longitudinal centerline extending through the second portion of the root section.

Abstract: A booster splitter for a gas turbine engine and a method of additively manufacturing the booster splitter are provided. The booster splitter includes an annular inner wall defining a radially outer boundary of a compressor flow path defined through a compressor section of the gas turbine engine, an annular outer wall spaced apart from the annular inner wall along the radial direction, the annular outer wall adjacent to the annular inner wall at a forward end, the forward end defining an inlet to the compressor flow path, an annular bulkhead spanning between the annular inner wall and the annular outer wall substantially along the radial direction, the bulkhead defining an inlet port, and a passageway defined within the annular outer wall, the passageway extending from the inlet port, into the bulkhead, radially outward to the outer wall, and through the annular outer wall towards the inlet defined by the forward end.

Abstract: A rotor assembly includes a fan rotor shaft coupled to a fan rotor, a low pressure turbine rotor shaft coupled to a low pressure turbine rotor, and a joint device configured to connect the fan rotor shaft to the low pressure turbine rotor shaft, to allow torsion, shear and bending to be transferred between the fan rotor shaft and the low pressure turbine rotor shaft under normal operation, and allow torsion and shear but prevent bending to be transferred between the fan rotor shaft and the low pressure turbine rotor shaft under a fan blade-out event.

Abstract: A laminated composite airfoil assembly includes a first lamina formed of a material including metal fibers, and at least a second lamina formed of a material including at least one of metal fibers intermixed with carbon fibers, only metal fibers, only carbon fibers, a substrate including metal fibers, a substrate including carbon fibers, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A softwall containment system for a machine includes an inner wall circumscribing a bladed rotatable member of the machine and extending from a forward end to an aft end. The softwall containment system also includes an outer wall circumscribing the inner wall and extending from a forward end to an aft end. The outer wall is spaced radially outwardly from the inner wall. The outer wall extends axially between a first joint coupling the forward end of the inner wall to the forward end of the outer wall and a second joint coupling the aft end of the inner wall to the aft end of the outer wall. The softwall containment system also includes an anti-ballistic material wrap covering the outer wall, the anti-ballistic material wrap including at least one of a first extension extending forward of the first joint and a second extension extending aft of the second joint.

Abstract: A turbine engine can comprise a fan section, compressor section, a combustion section, and a turbine section in axial flow arrangement. At least one of the fan section and compressor section can include an airfoil with a leading edge, and a plurality of riblets can be arranged on the leading edge.

Abstract: An airfoil including a plurality of composite plies extending from a leading edge to a trailing edge and between a tip and a root. The airfoil further includes a frangible airfoil portion at the tip extending between the leading edge and the trailing edge and extending between the tip and a frangible line along a span including a first plurality of composite plies. Each of the first plurality of composite plies includes fibers oriented at least partially along a chordwise direction, a thickness direction, or both. The airfoil further includes a residual airfoil portion extending from the frangible line to the root along the span including a second plurality of composite plies. The second plurality of composite plies includes at least one composite ply with fibers oriented along the span. Further, the residual airfoil portion meets the frangible airfoil portion at the frangible line.

Abstract: A rotating shaft and a method for additively manufacturing the rotating shaft are provided. The rotating shaft includes an elongated body extending along an axial direction and including an inner surface that defines a hollow central portion. An internal support structure extends from the inner surface into the hollow central portion to stiffen the rotating shaft and provide a high stiffness-to-weight ratio. The internal support structures may include stiffening ribs, truss structures, mesh structures, solid disks, and/or regions having a decreased density relative to the elongated body. The elongated body and some or all internal features may be integrally formed as a single monolithic component.

Abstract: An airfoil defining a span extending between a root and a tip and a chord at each point along the span extending between a leading edge and a trailing edge. The airfoil includes a frangible airfoil portion at the tip extending between the leading edge and the trailing edge and extending between the tip and a frangible line along the span. The frangible airfoil portion includes an exterior surface. The exterior surface at least partially defines at least one fusion cavity at least partially defining the frangible line. The airfoil further includes a residual airfoil portion extending from the frangible line to the root along the span. The residual airfoil portion meets the frangible airfoil portion at the frangible line. As such, the frangible airfoil portion deforms or partially or fully detaches relative to the residual airfoil portion at the frangible line following an event creating imbalance.

Abstract: A booster splitter for a gas turbine engine and a method of additively manufacturing the booster splitter are provided. The booster splitter includes an annular outer wall defining an internal fluid passageway in fluid communication with a fluid supply and terminating in discharge ports that eject a flow of fluid into the compressor section of the gas turbine engine. The internal fluid passageway may also be in fluid communication with heating plenums of a first plurality of airfoils for heating those airfoils.

Abstract: Fan blade containment system includes a composite fan case with an annular composite shell extending from forward flange downstream to aft flange, and circumferentially varying thickness portion of composite shell. Annular composite back sheet spaced radially outwardly of annular composite shell has annular filler layer disposed radially therebetween. Annular forward and aft seams between annular composite shell and composite back sheet may axially trap filler layer. Circumferentially varying thickness portion may include aftwardly extending fingers of composite back sheet in aft seam and first thickness of fingers thicker than second thickness of composite shell circumferentially between fingers. Composite shell may extend from forward flange to aft flange. Aft flange bolted to metallic flange of metallic fan casing aft of aft flange. Containment system may circumscribe and surround fan and fan blades of gas turbine engine fan section.