Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for calibrating beam orientation errors for improved positioning. For example, certain embodiments may utilize collection of various measurements to compute, and correct for, beam orientation errors. Additionally, or alternatively, certain embodiments may collect information about propagation conditions in a network and may establish virtual anchors for the network.

Abstract: An apparatus, method and computer program is described comprising: determining, using a first passive module, whether one or more of a first plurality of frequency ranges is occupied, wherein each of the first plurality of frequency ranges has one of a first set of one or more bandwidths; determining, using a second passive module, whether one or more of a second plurality of frequency ranges is occupied, wherein each of the second plurality of frequency ranges has one of a second set of one or more bandwidths, and wherein a smallest bandwidth amongst the second set of bandwidths is larger than a largest bandwidth amongst the first set of bandwidths; and triggering an active module in the event that one or more of the first plurality of frequency ranges is determined to be occupied and none of said second plurality of frequency ranges is determined to be occupied, wherein the active module comprises a radio detector for detecting a target waveform.

Abstract: A measurement gap pattern configuration method of a network element (130) of a wireless communications system includes sending, by the network element (130), assistance data to a user equipment (UE) (110) of the wireless communications system; sending, by the network element (130), positioning performance target data and at least a portion of the assistance data to a serving next generation Node B (gNB) (120) of the UE (110); sending a positioning request to the UE (110); and notifying the gNB (120) that a positioning session has started with respect to the UE (110) by sending a positioning session start notification message to the gNB (120).

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for neighbor cell measurement based timing advance validation. A method may include receiving a network configuration comprising a timing advance command from a network element. The method may also include acquiring at least measurement data of a serving cell relative to a first set of neighbor cells at a first time instance, and measurement data of the serving cell relative to a second set of neighbor cells at a second time instance according to the network configuration. The method may further include performing a timing advance validity check using at least the acquired measurement data from the first time instance and the second time instance. Further, the method may include performing data transmission based on a result of the timing advance validity check.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program is described comprising: obtaining samples of received positioning information from each of a plurality of channels; identifying one or more of said channels as benchmark channels; determining a benchmark channel response representative of channel propagation conditions for the or each benchmark channel; generating a common benchmark channel response based on said benchmark channel responses; estimating channel responses for some or all non-benchmark channels; modifying positioning information samples of at least some of the non-benchmark channels to generate corrected positioning information samples; and combining the positioning information samples of said one or more benchmark channels and the one or more corrected positioning information samples to generate combined positioning information samples.

Abstract: This specification describes an apparatus comprising: means for receiving, at a target user equipment, UE, a signal including information indicative of supporting UE measurements of signals transmitted from the target UE to a supporting UE via a multipath communications channel, the supporting UE measurements including delay and angle measurements of the signals transmitted from the target UE to the supporting UE via the multipath communications channel; means for time-aligning the supporting UE measurements with target UE measurements of signals transmitted from the supporting UE to the target UE via the multipath communications channel, the target UE measurements including delay and angle measurements for the signals transmitted from the supporting UE to the target UE via the multipath communications channel; means for determining, based on the time-aligned measurements, an association between a component of the target UE measurements and at least one respective component of the supporting UE measurements,

Abstract: There are provided measures for provision of vehicle's surrounding intelligence information. Such measures exemplarily include, at a network side node of a cellular system, receiving, from a first mobile entity, a request for combined spatiotemporal surroundings characteristics related to surroundings of said first mobile entity, generating said combined spatiotemporal surroundings characteristics related to said surroundings of said first mobile entity based on a position of said first mobile entity, and transmitting, towards said first mobile entity, said combined spatiotemporal surroundings characteristics related to said surroundings of said first mobile entity, wherein said combined spatiotemporal surroundings characteristics related to said surroundings of said first mobile entity include location information of at least one second mobile entity in the surroundings of said first mobile entity.

Abstract: In order to reduce power consumption of a wireless communication apparatus without unduly increasing latency a way of triggering activation of a transceiver on the apparatus is provided that uses different forms of wakeup signals and corresponding forms of wakeup signal detectors. This allows the transceiver to operate in a discontinuous receiving mode, with the different wakeup signal receivers detecting for wakeup signals at different times the times being indicated to the apparatus by a wakeup signal pattern sent by the network.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for dynamic antenna array angular phase deviation compensation for broad beam positioning. For example, certain embodiments may provide for multi-round trip time (multi-RTT) positioning where a user equipment (UE) may report time of departure (TOD) compensation values to a serving gNB and/or location management function (LMF). The LMF may calibrate the RTT computation with the received TOD compensation values. As another example, certain embodiments may provide for uplink time difference of arrival (UL-TDOA) positioning where an LMF may signal calculated assistance information to the UE to request time of departure TOD compensation values. The UE may report the TOD compensation values to a location management function (LMF), and the LMF may compensate initial relative time of arrival (RTOA) estimates using the TOD compensation values.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for asset tracking joint sounding reference signal (SRS) transmission. A location management network node may send a positioning failure message to a serving network node. The serving network node may group devices if one or more criteria are met. When one or more of the devices can be grouped, the serving network node may assign and distribute, to devices, a multi-tag-SRS sequence identifier that may be used by the devices in the group. The serving network node may compute and send, to the devices in the group, a multi-tag-SRS transmit configuration. The devices may perform a joint SRS transmission. The location management network node may compute a location of a centroid for the group of devices associated with the reported metric.

Abstract: Various example embodiments may relate to relate to transmission of random access preambles in non-terrestrial networks. An apparatus may estimate a location of the apparatus; determine a quality of the estimated location; determine, based on the location of the apparatus, a plurality of frequency pre-compensation values for accessing a non-terrestrial network, in response to determining that the quality of the estimated location meets a condition for applying multiple frequency pre-compensation values for accessing the non-terrestrial network; and transmit a plurality of random access preambles corresponding to the plurality of frequency pre-compensation values.

Abstract: An apparatus, which comprises at least one antenna array comprising a plurality of array elements having cross-polarized coupled branches, is configured to adjust at least its uplink beam steering direction by measuring (301), while transmitting a combined uplink signal via the plurality of the an-ay elements as individual signals forming the combined uplink signal, per an array element, first signal on an unused branch of the array element, and using the first signal and reference information in the memory to adjust if needed, at least one beam steering setting.

Abstract: Improved techniques of reducing latency in UL positioning include generating a priority indication by the LMF for all UE requiring UL positioning. For example, an LMF can generate a priority list identifying UEs within a network that may be considered by a serving network node (gNB) for positioning prioritization. In some implementations, the serving gNB indicates that prioritizing all of the identified UEs would require more network resources than are available. In such a case, the LMF obtains latency measurement values for TRPs in the network. Based on the latency measurement values obtained, the LMF performs a configuration operation on at least one of the TRPs to reduce the UL positioning latency to an acceptable value.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method comprising selecting a reference point associated with a position of a terminal device (302), determining a timing offset associated with one or more first antenna panels (304), wherein the timing offset is determined based at least partly on the reference point, and applying the timing offset to the one or more first antenna panels (305).

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for a base station including at least one processing core, configured to cause the apparatus at least to define a first cluster of time-division duplex user equipments at least partly by including in the first cluster user equipments whose uplink signals may be received using a single first directional beamforming beam, determine a ratio of received signal strengths of a pair of user equipments in the first cluster, the pair including a first user equipment associated with the apparatus and a second user equipment associated with a neighbouring base station device, and responsive to the ratio fulfilling a predetermined condition, inform the neighbouring base station device of a scheduling plan of the first user equipment.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for transmitter residual carrier frequency offset compensation. The method may include receiving, at a reference user equipment, configuration for a positioning reference measurement from a network element. The method may also include estimating a transmission carrier frequency offset of the network element based on the positioning reference measurements. The method may further include transmitting the estimated transmission carrier frequency offset in a report to the network element.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for GIS-NR beamforming for mmWave. For example, certain embodiments may provide for beam realignment, through which a serving network node may be able to re-position its beam towards a UE without the UE explicitly measuring and signalling to the network node the need for realignment. Instead of performing the traditional UE-based exhaustive beam search, the serving network node may proactively switch the beam in an attempt to track the UE movements. The serving network node may do this by corroborating information from two types of sources: 1) a set of neighbor mobile or fixed network nodes and 2) a geographic information system (GIS).

Abstract: Example embodiments relate to an apparatus, method and computer program for timing compensation, for example timing compensation in relation to timing information provided by one or more positioning reference units (PRUs). An example method may involve providing data representing a timing error associated with a first position reference unit located at a first known position, with respect to a second position reference unit located at a second known position. The method may also comprise modifying timing information received from the first position reference unit, the modifying being based on at least the first timing error.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for positioning measurements are provided. One method may include receiving, from a user equipment, a number of supported receive and transmit panels that can be simultaneously activated and/or a panel switch time. The method may then include computing or otherwise determining a UE-based latency lag using the number of supported receiver and transmitter panels that can be simultaneously activated and the panel switch time.

Abstract: There is provided a method for a UE of a wireless communication system, the method comprising: detecting an imbalance in a line-of-sight, LOS, training dataset for training a LOS detector; determining a minority class of the LOS training dataset associated with the detected imbalance; transmitting, to a network element of the wireless communication system, a request message indicating the determined minority class and requesting measurement activation to perform one or more measurements, by the UE, to obtain one or more additional signal samples for the minority class; and receiving, from the network element, an activation message causing the UE to perform the one or more measurements during a configured observation window.