Abstract: An access node, method and computer program product for: receiving from a terminal device served by a first access node measurement data relating to a plurality of radio beams, determining that the measurement data comprises data relating to at least one radio beam provided by at least one second access node, receiving information relating to angular coverage of the at least one radio beam provided by at least the second access node, determining, based on the angular coverage and the measurement data relating to the plurality of radio beams, an estimated location of the terminal device, and selecting a set of radio beams for provision to the estimated location of the terminal device, wherein the set of radio beams comprises a subset of radio beams provided by the first access node for serving the terminal device.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method comprising obtaining a plurality of previous clock skews, a reported temperature and a reported time, based on the plurality of previous clock skews, the reported temperature and the reported time, obtaining a prediction of the current clock skew, determining a current clock offset based on the predicted current clock skew, determining a clock adjustment based on the current clock offset and the reported time, and determining a corrected time based on the clock adjustment.

Abstract: A method including receiving a first reference signal, wherein the first reference signal is having a first bandwidth in a first frequency range, determining an angle of arrival of a line of sight component of the first reference signal, receiving a second reference signal, wherein the second reference signal is having a second bandwidth in a second frequency range, wherein the second bandwidth is greater than the first bandwidth, determining a time of arrival of a line of sight component of the second reference signal, based on the first reference signal and on the second reference signal, determining a link quality measure, and based on the link quality measure, the time of arrival and the angle of arrival, performing a position estimation to obtain an estimated position, wherein the first reference signal and the second reference signal are received from a same transmit-receive point.

Abstract: To increase positioning accuracy, channel characteristics are determined taking into account receive filter response and transmit filter response. For example, upon receiving assistance data for positioning an apparatus, a transmit sequence is generated using the assistance data; and a combination of the transmit sequence is generated by combining the transmit sequence. Further, a receive filter response is determined, a transmit filter response is obtained, and a combined filter response is generated using the receive filter response and the transmit filter response. Reference signals received over a channel are measured by sampling them into a plurality of time-domain samples, and the channel is estimated from the plurality of time-domain samples using the combined filter response and the combination of the transmit sequence. Then, per channel characteristics, a value of the channel characteristics based on the channel estimated is determined.

Abstract: Example embodiments may relate to systems, methods and/or computer programs relating to positioning, for example for terminating or adapting an established positioning session under certain conditions. For example, the method may involve monitoring, for a plurality of time instances during transmission over a wireless channel of a positioning signal from a first terminal to a second terminal as part of a positioning session, one or more features of the wireless channel. The method may also involve identifying based on a value of one, or a combination, of the monitored one or more features between a first time instance and a second time instance, a change indicative of transition of at least one of the first and second terminals from a first environment to a second environment. The method may also involve causing termination or adaptation of the active positioning session responsive to the identification.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for apparatus positioning are provided. Solution includes receiving (300) by an apparatus from a network element a signal having multipath propagated signal components and obtaining time domain samples of the multipath propagated signal components, mapping (302) the time domain samples to one or more frequency offset-delay pairs to obtain frequency offsets and delays of the received multipath propagated signal components, calculating (304) angle of arrival of one or more multipath propagated signal components, determining (306) the multipath propagated signal component corresponding to the direct propagation path between the apparatus and the network element, and controlling (308) the utilisation of the angle of arrival and delay of the multipath propagated signal component corresponding to the direct propagation path in the determination of the location of the apparatus.

Abstract: A method for a user equipment includes determining full duplex capability and metric thresholds during cell search or attachment to a base station and reporting these to the base station; when in an RRC-connected state, dynamically sending reports of the metric conditions to the base station; and receiving instructions, based on the reports of the metric conditions, to communicate with the base station in one of a full duplex mode and a time division duplex mode. A method for a base station includes receiving a full duplex capability and metric thresholds from a user equipment; when in an RRC-connected state, initially scheduling the user equipment for communications in a time division duplex mode; receiving reports of metric conditions dynamically from the user equipment; and sending instructions, based on the reports, to the user equipment to communicate in one of a full duplex mode and a time division duplex mode.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code; the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform: determining, for a terminal node, at least one time delay value for a plurality of access nodes; determining at least one metric for the access nodes, the at least one metric indicative of probability of line of sight conditions between the terminal node and the access nodes; determining, based, at least in part, on the at least one metric, a first set of line of sight time delay values having an associated probability of line of sight conditions above a threshold; determining, based, at least in part, on the at least one metric, a second set of time delay values having an associated probability of line of sight conditions below the threshold; determining a position estimate of the terminal node based, at least in part, on the first set of line of sight time delay values; de

Abstract: A terminal device including circuitry configured to perform: measuring, for each candidate positioning beam pair of a first subset of candidate positioning beam pairs, at least one respective positioning reference signal metric, wherein each candidate positioning beam pair represents a combination of a respective receive beam of the terminal device and a respective transmit beam of a respective network node of one or more network nodes; estimating, for each candidate positioning beam pair of a second subset of candidate positioning beam pairs, at least one respective positioning reference signal metric at least partially based on the measured positioning reference signal metrics; selecting one or more candidate positioning beam pairs as positioning beam pairs for downlink positioning.

Abstract: A first apparatus (101) for a first method comprising receiving input data of at least one user equipment (102), determining an input to at least a part of at least one input layer (112A) of an artificial neural network depending on the input data, determining an output of a first part of the artificial neural network and transmitting the output of this part of the artificial neural network, and a second apparatus (105) for a second method comprising receiving an input for another part of the artificial neural network, determining an output of this part of the artificial neural network for at least one user equipment (102) depending on the input, the other part of the rtificial neural network comprising at least a part of at least one hidden layer (118A) or at least a part of an output layer (114A) of he artificial neural network or at least a part of at least one hidden layer (118A) and at least a part of an output layer (114A) of the artificial neural network, and outputting the output.

Abstract: There are provided apparatuses, methods and computer program products. In accordance with an embodiment, there is disclosed a method including receiving positioning reference signals from a positioning signal transmitter; forming a delay search space from the received positioning reference signals to obtain a plurality of channel taps; estimating a noise precision for the channel taps; estimating channel gains for the channel taps; and estimating a probability of line of sight signal for the channel taps.

Abstract: An apparatus, method and computer program is described, including: obtaining a first received signal from a transmission system; obtaining or generating a first transmission signal for transmission using the transmission system; obtaining a plurality of input data, wherein the input data include transmission system data associated with the transmission system, environmental data and timestamp data; providing the first transmission signal and the plurality of input data as inputs to a self-interference correction algorithm to generate a self-interference estimate; and subtracting the self-interference estimate from the first received signal to generate a modified received signal.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method comprising, determining, by a network node, a timing offset (TOA) of a first wireless link, determining, by the network node, a timing offset (TOB) of a second wireless link, determining, by the network node, a timing offset (TOC) of a third wireless link, calculating, by the network node, a timing calibration value of the first sidelink device using the timing offset (TOA) of the first wireless link, the timing offset (TOB) of the second wireless link and the timing offset (TOC) of the third wireless link and transmitting, by the network node, at least the timing calibration value of the first sidelink device.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for multi-link establishment for sidelink (SL) enhancement. A method may include transmitting, to a user equipment, a coordination request for communication over a plurality of beams. Beamformed reference signals may be exchanged with the user equipment identifying corresponding beams of the apparatus and the user equipment. Coordination information comprising at least one of preferred or non-preferred time-frequency-beam resources of the user equipment may be received from the user equipment including preferred or non-preferred radio resources of the user equipment and associated simultaneous links for their communication. At least one of preferred or non-preferred time-frequency-beam resources may be determined for their communication.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for apparatus positioning are provided. Solution comprises monitoring relative vertical movement of an apparatus utilising repeated readings of a barometric sensor; comparing monitored relative movement to a given threshold and determining whether the vertical position of the apparatus is changed or unchanged based on the comparison and controlling calculation of the position of the apparatus based on the determination.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems, methods and/or computer programs for determining time and/or angle-based measurements for use in position determination. The apparatus may comprise means for receiving, at a plurality of antennae, a reference signal associated with positioning and determining cross-correlation values comprising a cross correlation between the reference signal received at each antenna and a known reference signal associated with positioning. There may also be provided means for estimating a channel response for a reference antenna of the plurality of antennae using the cross correlation values, the known reference signal and an antenna correlation comprising a known relationship between a channel response of each antenna of the plurality of antennae and the channel response of the reference antenna, and determining a time of arrival and/or an angle of arrival of the received reference signal based on the estimated channel response for the reference antenna.

Abstract: In order to perform small data transmission during an RRC_INACTIVE mode, a UE may need to determine whether the stored timing advance (TA) is valid. A TA may be valid if its usage would result in an uplink transmission arriving at a TRP of a base station during a time period during which the base station expects to receive uplink transmission. A UE may determine that a TA is valid based on a received fraction of the length of a cyclic prefix and observed SSB time shift.

Abstract: An apparatus, method and computer program is described comprising: receiving, at a user device, positioning signals from each of a plurality of nodes of a mobile communication system, wherein the positioning signals comprise first positioning signals received from each of one or more fixed nodes of the mobile communication system and second positioning signals received from each of one or more mobile nodes of the mobile communication system; determining relative angles of arrival of positioning signals between a first plurality of pairs of said nodes; determining a collinearity indication for each of the pairs of nodes of the first plurality, wherein each collinearity indication is based on the respective determined relative angles of arrival of said positioning signals; and selecting at least some of the plurality of pairs of nodes for use in positioning refinement, wherein the selecting is based, at least in part, on the determined collinearity.

Abstract: An apparatus, computer program and method is described comprising: obtaining, at a receiver, during a first phase of operation, one or more first downlink positioning reference samples from each of a plurality of communication nodes of a mobile communication system, wherein the receiver operates in a wide-beam or omnidirectional mode during the first phase of operation; determining first response estimates of channels between the receiver and each of said each communication nodes, based on the positioning reference samples obtained for the respective communication node; selecting, for each communication node, a receiver beam for receiving positioning signals from the respective communication node, based, at least in part, on the respective first channel response estimate; and receiving, at the receiver, in a second phase of operation, one or more second downlink positioning reference samples from each of the plurality of communication nodes using the selected receiver beams.

Abstract: An apparatus may include circuitry configured for providing first data indicative of a first relative angle-of-arrival measurement between a first base station and a second base station, from the position of a user device, based on angle-of-arrival measurements. The apparatus may also include circuitry configured for providing second data indicative of first and second angle-of-departure measurements, each measurement indicative of an angle between the user device and the other base station of the first set of base stations from the position of the respective first and second base stations based on a plurality of beams transmitted from the respective base station to the user device. The apparatus may also include circuitry configured for determining a beam directionality error associated with at least one of the first and second base stations based on the first relative angle-of-arrival measurement and the first and second angle-of-departure measurements.