Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for predicting a traversal time for a route. A request for navigation directions is received and a route between the origin and destination is calculated. A series of route segments to be traversed on the route are identified, as well as one or more sub-series of route segments of the series of route segments, with each sub-series having route segments to be traversed consecutively on a portion of the route. For each sub-series, a sub-series traversal time is predicted based on historical traversal time data associated with historical trips where each of the route segments of the sub-series were traversed consecutively. A total route traversal time is predicted based on the sub-series traversal time. A set of navigation directions and the predicted total route traversal time are provided for presentation on a client device for navigating from the origin to the destination via the route.

Abstract: A prefabricated construction element for use in construction of multi-storey buildings. The construction element is a mass timber exterior wall panel, integrating building assemblies such as windows, exterior wall finishes, and connectors to other building components. The construction element comprises: an envelope subpanel; a feature element such as a window or door; an insulation layer; and a cladding layer, wherein the envelope subpanel comprises an upper beam along its top edge and a lower beam along its bottom edge, and a plurality of spacers disposed between the upper beam and the lower beam, defining one or more openings for receiving the feature element; wherein the insulation layer is attached to the envelope subpanel and provided with one or more openings corresponding to the feature element; wherein the cladding layer overlies the insulation layer and is attached thereto.

Abstract: A method for a radar system is described. In accordance with one example implementation, the method comprises generating a frequency-modulated RF oscillator signal and feeding the RF oscillator signal to a first transmitting channel and a second transmitting channel. The method further comprises generating a first RF transmission signal in the first transmitting channel based on the RF oscillator signal, emitting the first RF transmission signal via a first transmitting antenna, receiving a first RF radar signal via a receiving antenna, and converting the first RF radar signal to a baseband, as a result of which a first baseband signal is obtained, which has a first signal component having a first frequency and a first phase, where the first signal component is assignable to direct crosstalk from the first transmitting antenna. This procedure is repeated for the second transmitting channel.

Abstract: Noise test systems, methods, and circuitries are provided for determining a phase error of a first modulator using a second modulator. In one example, an integrated circuit device includes a first modulator configured to modulate a first signal to generate a first modulated signal and a second modulator configured to modulate a second signal to generate a second modulated signal. The first signal and the second signal are based on the same reference signal. The integrated circuit device also includes analysis circuitry configured to determine a phase error of the first modulator based on the first modulated signal and the second modulated signal.

Abstract: A method for preprocessing camera raw data of an image sensor of a camera. The method includes a step of reading in, a step of setting, a step of reducing, and a step of outputting. In the step of reading in, a raw data signal is read in, which encompasses camera raw data detected by the image sensor at a detection point in time. In the step of setting, a preprocessing algorithm for reducing the resolution of the camera raw data is set, using at least one setting signal. In the step of reducing, the resolution of the camera raw data is reduced, using the preprocessing algorithm set in the step of setting, to obtain a preprocessed camera signal which represents a preprocessed camera image. In the step of outputting, the preprocessed camera signal is output to an image processing unit.

Abstract: A method for determining a motion state of an object in the surroundings of a vehicle. The vehicle includes at least one vehicle camera for providing image data that represent the surroundings. Movability measures and pieces of quality information that are generated by processing the image data, are read in. The movability measures include generated continuous measured values for detecting moving object pixels, using correspondences, recognized using a correspondence algorithm, between pixels in successive images represented by the image data. Pixel-specific pieces of quality information are generated using the read-in pieces of quality information. The pixel-specific pieces of quality information indicate for each pixel the quality of the correspondences. A dynamic object probability is determined for each pixel, using the movability measures and the pixel-specific pieces of quality information.

Abstract: A method for identifying potentially hazardous or at-risk objects in the surroundings of a vehicle. The method includes detecting an area of the surroundings using at least one event-based sensor, the event-based sensor including light-sensitive pixels, and a relative change of the light intensity incident upon a pixel by at least a predefined percentage prompting the sensor to output an event assigned to this pixel. The method also includes assigning events output by the sensor to objects in the area; analyzing, for at least one object to which events are assigned, the events assigned to the object with respect to present movements of the object; and ascertaining an impending movement of the object, and/or an impending change of state, of the object from the present movements. An associated computer program is also described.

Abstract: A method of operating a mass spectrometer, comprising: generating ions from a sample; mass filtering the ions using a quadrupole mass filter having a set of selection parameters to transmit ions within at least one selected range of mass-to-charge ratios narrower than an initial range, wherein the quadrupole comprises four parallel elongate electrodes arranged in opposing pairs to which are applied RF and DC, wherein an attractive DC voltage is applied to one pair of opposing electrodes and a repulsive DC voltage is applied to the other pair; mass analysing or detecting the ions transmitted by the quadrupole mass filter; repeating the steps of generating ions, mass filtering and mass analysing or detecting multiple times; switching a configuration of the pairs of opposing electrodes to which the attractive DC voltage and the repulsive DC voltage are applied multiple times over the course of repeating the steps so that over long term operation the build-up of contamination on each pair of opposing electrodes i

Abstract: A circuit includes a transmission channel that outputs a continuous-wave signal based on a reference signal, a transmit monitoring signal path that couples out a portion of the transmit signal as a monitoring signal, a test phase shifter that receives the reference signal and generates a phase-shifted signal based on a sequence of phase offsets applied to the reference signal, a phase mixer that mixes the phase-shifted signal and the monitoring signal to generate a mixer output signal including a plurality of direct current (DC) values, an analog-to-digital converter that samples the mixer output signal in order to provide a sequence of DC values; and a monitor circuit that applies a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) to the sequence of DC values to generate a plurality of DFT bins with corresponding DFT bin values, and generate compensated phase information of the transmission channel using at least two DFT bin values.

Abstract: A composite construction element or panel system for use in construction of multi-storey structures, either as a prefabricated panelized system or as a modular system. The composite construction element comprises two mass timber subpanels joined at a distance to form a hollow core, through which various building services (e.g. HVAC or electrical systems) and/or insulation may be integrated. When used as a modular system, after assembly, the two subpanels become one structural entity of increased structural capacity while providing a hollow core to provide/deliver desired building services.

Abstract: A method for preprocessing camera raw data of an image sensor of a camera. The method includes a step of reading in, a step of setting, a step of reducing, and a step of outputting. In the step of reading in, a raw data signal is read in, which encompasses camera raw data detected by the image sensor at a detection point in time. In the step of setting, a preprocessing algorithm for reducing the resolution of the camera raw data is set, using at least one setting signal. In the step of reducing, the resolution of the camera raw data is reduced, using the preprocessing algorithm set in the step of setting, to obtain a preprocessed camera signal which represents a preprocessed camera image. In the step of outputting, the preprocessed camera signal is output to an image processing unit.

Abstract: A method for the use in a radar system is described herein. In accordance with one embodiment, the method includes providing a local oscillator signal to an RF output channel of a radar system. The RF output channel is configured to generate, in an enabled state, an RF output signal based on the local oscillator signal. The method further includes determining a first measurement signal based on the local oscillator signal and a first representation of the RF output signal, while the RF output channel is disabled, and thus the first measurement signal represents crosstalk. Further, the method includes determining a second measurement signal based on the local oscillator signal and a second representation of the RF output signal while the RF output channel is enabled. A phase value associated with the RF output channel is determined based on the first measurement signal and the second measurement signal.

Abstract: Noise test systems, methods, and circuitries are provided for determining a phase error of a first modulator using a second modulator. In one example, an integrated circuit device includes a first modulator configured to modulate a first signal to generate a first modulated signal and a second modulator configured to modulate a second signal to generate a second modulated signal. The first signal and the second signal are based on the same reference signal.

Abstract: A circuit includes a transmission channel that outputs a continuous-wave signal based on a reference signal, a transmit monitoring signal path that couples out a portion of the transmit signal as a monitoring signal, a test phase shifter that receives the reference signal and generates a phase-shifted signal based on a sequence of phase offsets applied to the reference signal, a phase mixer that mixes the phase-shifted signal and the monitoring signal to generate a mixer output signal including a plurality of direct current (DC) values, an analog-to-digital converter that samples the mixer output signal in order to provide a sequence of DC values; and a monitor circuit that applies a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) to the sequence of DC values to generate a plurality of DFT bins with corresponding DFT bin values, and generate compensated phase information of the transmission channel using at least two DFT bin values.

Abstract: A method of operating a mass spectrometer, comprising: generating ions from a sample; mass filtering the ions using a quadrupole mass filter having a set of selection parameters to transmit ions within at least one selected range of mass-to-charge ratios narrower than an initial range, wherein the quadrupole comprises four parallel elongate electrodes arranged in opposing pairs to which are applied RF and DC, wherein an attractive DC voltage is applied to one pair of opposing electrodes and a repulsive DC voltage is applied to the other pair; mass analysing or detecting the ions transmitted by the quadrupole mass filter; repeating the steps of generating ions, mass filtering and mass analysing or detecting multiple times; switching a configuration of the pairs of opposing electrodes to which the attractive DC voltage and the repulsive DC voltage are applied multiple times over the course of repeating the steps so that over long term operation the build-up of contamination on each pair of opposing electrodes i

Abstract: Methods for processing an OFDM radar signal are provided. A plurality of Nc×NDS receive samples corresponding to a number of NDS consecutive OFDM symbols is received, each OFDM symbol comprising a plurality of Nc subcarriers modulated with a respective modulation symbol. Each of the plurality of Nc×NDS receive samples is divided by its respective modulation symbol to generate a number of NDS processed OFDM symbols. The number of NDS processed OFDM symbols is decimated to generate at least one decimated OFDM symbol. A first type discrete Fourier transform (e.g. IFFT) of the at least one decimated OFDM symbol is performed to generate at least one first transformed vector.

Abstract: A method for a radar system is described. In accordance with one example implementation, the method comprises generating a frequency-modulated RF oscillator signal and feeding the RF oscillator signal to a first transmitting channel and a second transmitting channel. The method further comprises generating a first RF transmission signal in the first transmitting channel based on the RF oscillator signal, emitting the first RF transmission signal via a first transmitting antenna, receiving a first RF radar signal via a receiving antenna, and converting the first RF radar signal to a baseband, as a result of which a first baseband signal is obtained, which has a first signal component having a first frequency and a first phase, where the first signal component is assignable to direct crosstalk from the first transmitting antenna. This procedure is repeated for the second transmitting channel.

Abstract: Methods for detecting radar targets are provided. According to one exemplary embodiment, the method includes providing a digital radar signal having a sequence of signal segments. Each signal segment of the sequence is respectively associated with a chirp of a transmitted RF radar signal. The method further includes detecting one or more radar targets based on a first subsequence of successive signal segments of the sequence. For each detected radar target, a distance value and a velocity value are determined. If a group of radar targets having overlapping signal components has been detected, a respective spectral value is calculated for each radar target of the group of radar targets based on a second subsequence of the sequence of signal segments and further based on the velocity values ascertained for the group of radar targets.

Abstract: Methods for processing an OFDM radar signal are provided. A plurality of Nc×NDS receive samples corresponding to a number of NDS consecutive OFDM symbols is received, each OFDM symbol comprising a plurality of Nc subcarriers modulated with a respective modulation symbol. Each of the plurality of Nc×NDS receive samples is divided by its respective modulation symbol to generate a number of NDS processed OFDM symbols. The number of NDS processed OFDM symbols is decimated to generate at least one decimated OFDM symbol. A first type discrete Fourier transform (e.g. IFFT) of the at least one decimated OFDM symbol is performed to generate at least one first transformed vector.

Abstract: First, an auxiliary cut-out (11, 16) is formed in a side wall (1) of a continuous casting mold. That cut-out extends, in the longitudinal direction, at least over the cut-out length (L) of the useful cut-out (10) and has an auxiliary cross-section orthogonal to the longitudinal direction. Then, an additional element (13, 14, 17) is inserted into the auxiliary cut-out (11, 16), and extends, in the longitudinal direction, at least over a cut-out length (L) of a later useful cut-out (10) and bounds the useful cut-out (10) orthogonally to the longitudinal direction at least over part of the periphery of the useful cut-out. The useful cut-out (10) is formed by inserting the additional element (13, 14, 17) into the auxiliary cut-out (11, 16). The useful cut-out (10) is closed all around orthogonally to the longitudinal direction. Orthogonally to the longitudinal direction, the useful cut-out has a (correspondingly small) useful cross-section and a maximum useful extent (d3).