Abstract: A semiconductor device, suitable for use in an invertor device for large currents in which IGBT chips are used and of which a high reliability is required, has an insulating plate on which are mounted semiconductor chips, a resin case enclosing the semiconductor chips, a filler resin filled into the resin case and covering the semiconductor chips and filling in the space between the semiconductor chips and the resin case, and a heatsink to which the insulating plate is attached, wherein, for purposes of attaching the insulating plate to the heatsink, the resin case is used to press the insulating plate onto the heatsink. Some benefits of this construction are that is makes it possible to eliminate the problem of fatigue failure of a solder layer previously used for attaching the insulating plate to the heatsink by dispensing with that solder layer, while at the same time improving the transfer of heat from the insulating plate to the heatsink, and thereby improving the removal of heat from the device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a carbodiimide derivative represented by the following general formula:W.sub.1 --X--N.dbd.C.dbd.N--Y--W.sub.2 --Zwherein W.sub.1 is a straight chain, branched chain or cyclic saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a heteroaryl group, a tertiary amino group or a tertiary or quaternary ammonium group; --W.sub.2 --Z is a quaternary ammonium group; X and Y are each independently a single bond or an alkylene group; and Z is a biotin group represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein n is 0 or 1. The derivative is useful as a label reagent for introducing a biotin group into a nucleic acid or a protein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a carbodiimide derivative represented by the following general formula:W.sub.1 --X--N.dbd.C.dbd.N--Y--W.sub.2 --Zwherein W.sub.1 is a straight chain, branched chain or cyclic saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a heteroaryl group, tertiary amino group or a tertiary or quaternary ammonium group; --W.sub.2 --Z is a quaternary ammonium group; X and Y are each independently a single bond or an alkylene group; and Z is a biotin group represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein n is 0 or 1. The derivative is useful as a label reagent for introducing a biotin group into a nucleic acid or a protein.

Abstract: One package for photographic film (PF) has five cassettes (3), which respectively contain the photographic film (PF). Five cylindrical watertight cases (2) respectively contain the cassettes (3). Heat shrinkable film (7, 25, 30, 57) is disposed around the five watertight cases (2), and shrunken by heat for collectively covering the five cassettes (3). The shrinkable film (7, 25, 30, 57) has shrinkability from 40 to 63% when heated at 140.degree. C. for 10 seconds, and has thickness from 35 to 50 .mu.m.

Abstract: A cooling apparatus having a plurality of heat pipes is improved to reduce the condensation capacity of selected heat pipes when ambient air temperature is low, so as to facilitate start-up of the cooling apparatus from a state in which the working fluid in the heat pipes has been frozen. The cooling apparatus has a block of a high heat conductivity in which one end of each heat pipe serving as an evaporation section of the heat pipe is embedded. Heat radiation fins are attached to portions of the heat pipes exposed from the block, so that the exposed portions of the heat pipes serve as condensation sections of the respective heat pipes. There are two types of heat radiation fins: a first type of fins which are attached to all the heat pipes and a second type of fins which are attached only to selected heat pipes.

Abstract: In radio communication system in which single frequency simultaneous transmission and reception is performed, a speech audio signal is divided by a predetermined time interval. A transmission time and a reception time are allotted in the predetermined time. A time-compressed signal is transmitted during the transmission time, and a time-compressed signal transmitted from other transceiver is received during the reception time and it is decompressed to the original length. The transmission time and the reception time are alternately repeated to transmit and receive the audio signals substantially simultaneously by a single frequency, and the audio signal is reproduced from the received signal. When communication with a telephone set is to be established, a DTMF signal is used as a dialing signal to call the telephone set from the transceiver. The DTMF signal is time-compressed and then transmitted along with the speech signal.

Abstract: A top cover is disclosed that is able to reduce the number of processing steps required for processing and assembly of the entire guide unit into which the top cover itself is included as one of its parts, contribute to reduced costs, facilitate easy attachment and removal to and from a track rail, and be installed on various types of track rails that have already been installed on a machine tool and so forth. In addition, a track rail unit is disclosed that is composed by combining the top cover and track rail, and a guide unit is disclosed that contains the track rail unit.The above effects are obtained by using fastening member insertion holes formed in a track rail, and employing a top cover having an engaging portion that elastically fits into those insertion holes.

Abstract: The ABS is provided with a modulator, and when the ABS is activated, control of the caliper pressure by the driver, is modified by the operation of the modulator having the aforementioned inlet valve (normally closed to a pressurized fluid source) and aforementioned outlet valve (normally open to a fluid exit), both controlled by the above-described control logic circuit. The modulator increases or decreases the caliper pressure, in response to changes in the pressurized fluid, regulated by such valves. Depending on the operation of the control logic circuit described above, three events may occur. When the inlet and outlet valves are not operated (i.e. their normal state), the modulator releases pressurized fluid through the output valve, and increases caliper pressure, to increase braking up to a predetermined maximum. If only the outlet valve is operated (i.e. both the inlet and outlet valves are closed), the modulator remains in a constant state and likewise, the caliper pressure is kept constant.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling brakes using a reciprocating cut valve actuated by an expander piston that is moved via a crank pin on a crank shaft. The cut valve cuts off caliper pressure and adjusts the volume and pressure of an output hydraulic chamber to effectuate antilock braking. When changing from antilock braking to normal braking, the movement of the expander piston is controlled by repeatedly changing a crank angle of the crank pin during specified time intervals. The rate of increase in caliper pressure can be set according to (1) detected brake operation which is detected from a present crank angle and a target crank angle and (2) the frictional state of the road surface which is estimated from vehicle acceleration/deceleration.

Abstract: A molded article for a photographic photosensitive material formed of a resin composition comprising of (a) 50 wt. % or more of a rubber-containing aromatic monovinyl resin having a melt flow index of 3 to 40 g/10 minutes, a bending elastic modulus of 20,000 kg/cm.sup.2 or more and a Vicat softening point of 78.degree. C. or more and containing 1 to 12 wt. % of a rubber material, (b) 0.1 to 10 wt. % of a light-shielding material, and (c) 0.01 to 20 wt. % of at least one of a lubricant and an antistatic agent. The molded article is excellent in physical strength, photographic properties, injection moldability and the like.

Abstract: A radio apparatus having a unit for receiving a first signal from a first transceiver compressed in time by a predetermined rate, a unit for reproducing a first original signal from the first signal, a unit for receiving a second signal from a second transceiver compressed by the predetermined rate during the reception period of the first transceiver, a unit for reproducing a second original signal from the second signal, and a unit for adding the first and second original signals and outputting the added signal.

Abstract: An intake system for an internal combustion engine includes first and second intake valve bores provided to face a combustion chamber and to be independently opened and closed by first and second intake valves, and first and second intake ports which are connected to the corresponding intake valve bores with a partition wall interposed therebetween and which communicate with a common intake passage. In a particular operation range of the engine, an imbalance is produced in the concentration of the air-fuel mixture flowing through the first and second intake valve bores into the combustion chamber on the basis of a difference between the amounts of fresh air flowing into the first and second intake ports. The intake system further includes a communication hole provided in the partition wall for putting the first and second intake ports into communication with each other. This provides for improvements in the lean combustibility and in the nature of the exhaust gas.

Abstract: A process for producing a container is disclosed including molding the container using an injection molding machine with a multicavity mold having not less than 12 cavities by charging a hot runner thermoplastic resin having a melt flow rate of 5 to 80 g/10 minutes to the multicavity mold, wherein not less than 70% of the total injected resin amount at each shot is injected at an injection speed which is adjusted at 150 to 270 mm/sec., and the remaining resin at each shot is injected at a final injection speed which is adjusted at 3 to 90 mm/sec. By employing the process, molding troubles such as burrs, stringiness, short shot and weld lines do not occur, and the container can be molded continuously for a long period under unmanned conditions without screening inspection.

Abstract: A tanker which can reliably prevent the outflow of cargo oil from cargo oil tank sections (1, 2, 105, 106) in the ship body in the event of damage or injury to an outer plate (8, 9) of the ship body has a double-sided hull construction (4, 104) arranged on opposite sides of each cargo oil tank in the ship's body and a mid-height deck (3, 118) arranged to divide each cargo oil tank into an upper cargo oil tank (2, 106) and a lower cargo oil tank (1, 105). To reliably prevent the outflow of cargo oil in the event of damage or injury to the ship body due to stranding, collision or similar malfunction, the height (H) of the mid-height deck (1, 118) as measured from the ship bottom (8, 108) is determined so that the pressure of cargo oil exerted on an outer plate of the ship's side wall will not be higher than the pressure of sea water. An access trunk (5, 112) and pressure control devices (6, 7, 113, 114) serve for degassing cargo tank sections.

Abstract: An aromatic diamine compound represented by formula (1): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, which may be the same or different, are each a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl group; and an aromatic diamine compound useful as an intermediate for the synthesis of the above compound (1), represented by formula (2): ##STR2## The compound (1) alleviates the problems of the prior art, and is unlikely to cause crystallization by heat and has a melting point and a glass transition temperature both higher than those of conventional compounds.

Abstract: A video detector has a PLL, a bias circuit, a synchronous detector for detecting a video IF signal by using the output of a VCO, and a lock detector for detecting whether the PLL is locked. The PLL has the VCO, a phase comparator, and a low-pass filter. In the video detector the supply of the direct current from the bias circuit is halted while said lock detector detects that the PLL is locked.

Abstract: Metal sheets having a layer of a cured polyvinylidene fluoride paint on the metal surface and a layer of a cured fluorinated ethylene vinyl ether paint on the polyvinylidene fluoride paint exhibit excellent weathering properties, have a gloss of 25 to 80%, and may be bent to a sharp angle without cracking of the coating. Such sheets are particularly useful in the preparation of metal-resin composite laminates, because they do not experience thermal blocking during the lamination step.

Abstract: A method of and an apparatus for estimating a vehicle velocity, which are suitable for use in a vehicle. Velocities of drive wheels and follower wheels of the vehicle are determined and the fastest one of the so-determined velocities is selected. The velocity of the vehicle is estimated based on the fastest wheel velocity thus selected. The above respective processes are repeatedly executed at given time intervals. Thus, when the estimated vehicle velocity is faster than each of the velocities of the follower wheels and lower than the fastest wheel velocity, the estimated vehicle velocity determined immediately before the above estimating process is set as a desired estimated vehicle velocity. Accordingly, a high-accuracy estimated vehicle velocity corresponding to an actual vehicle velocity can be obtained, thereby making it possible to control brakes and driving forces with high accuracy using the estimated vehicle velocity.

Abstract: A tanker which can reliably prevent the outflow of cargo oil from cargo oil tank sections (1, 2, 105, 106) in the ship body in the event of damage or injury to an outer plate (8, 9) of the ship body has a double-sided hull construction (4, 104) arranged on opposite sides of each cargo oil tank in the ship's body and a mid-height deck (3, 118) arranged to divide each cargo oil tank into an upper cargo oil tank (2, 106) and a lower cargo oil tank (1, 105). To reliably prevent the outflow of cargo oil in the event of damage or injury to the ship body due to stranding, collision or similar malfunction, the height (H) of the mid-height deck (1, 118) as measured from the ship bottom (8, 108) is determined so that the pressure of cargo oil exerted on an outer plate of the ship's side wall will not be higher than the pressure of sea water. An access trunk (5, 112) and pressure control devices (6, 7, 113, 114) serve for degassing cargo tank sections.