Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed towards formulated polyol compositions that include a first polyether polyol having an average hydroxyl number from 112 to 280 mg KOH/g, a second polyether polyol having an average hydroxyl number from 18.5 to 51 mg KOH/g, a third polyether polyol having an average hydroxyl number from 20 to 70 mg KOH/g, and at least one of: fourth polyether polyol having an average hydroxyl number from 112 to 280 mg KOH/g; and a methoxypolyethylene glycol having an average hydroxyl number from 56 to 190 mg KOH/g.

Abstract: A method of forming a flexible polyurethane foam that passes BS 5852:2006 source V (Crib 5) test. The method includes providing a modified polyisocyanate polyaddition (PIPA) 5 polyol formed by contacting a PIPA polyol dispersion with at least one carboxylic acid having a melting point above zero degree Celsius and present in a carrier solvent. The PIPA polyol dispersion has a polyol liquid phase content of 60 wt. % to 90 wt. % and a solid particle phase content of 10 wt. % to 40 wt. % based on a total weight of the PIPA polyol dispersion. From 10 weight percent (wt. %) to 80 wt. % of the modified PIPA polyol is combined with 90 wt. % to 20 10 wt. % of at least another polyether polyol based on a total weight of a polyol blend of the PIPA polyol and the at least another polyether polyol, where the polyether polyol is formed with propylene oxide and ethylene oxide and has an equivalent weight of 1,000 to 2,000 and a functionality of 3 to 6.

Abstract: A polyol composition is made by polymerizing a mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide onto a mixture of at least one diol initiator and at least one triol initiator, followed by polymerizing 100% propylene oxide or a mixture of at least 90 weight percent propylene oxide and at most 10 weight percent ethylene oxide. The resulting polyol composition has a hydroxyl equivalent weight of 200 to 400 and an average nominal functionality of 2.05 to 2.95 hydroxyl groups/molecule. 5 to 30 percent of the hydroxyl groups of the coinitiated polyether polyol are primary hydroxyl groups and polymerized ethylene oxide constitutes 40 to 63 percent of the total weight of the coinitiated polyether polyol.

Abstract: Flexible polyurethane foams are made by reacting a polyether mixture and water with a polyisocyanate. The foams have excellent suite of properties for use in seating applications, as they are supporting, comfortable and resilient foam. A further advantage is these properties can be obtained at isocyanate indices of close to or even greater than 100.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed towards polyol compositions including a dispersion of polyisocyanate polyaddition particles in a carrier polyol, wherein the polyisocyanate polyaddition particles have an average particle diameter from 0.1 to 10.0 microns and the dispersion has a solids content from 5 wt % to 50 wt % based upon a total weight of the dispersion, and a polyester polyol that is from 1 wt % to 98 wt % of the polyol composition based upon a total weight of the polyol composition.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed towards semi-flexible foam formulations that can be utilized to form semi-flexible foams. As an example, a semiflexible foam formulation can include a first polyether polyol having an average nominal hydroxyl functionality from 2 to 4 and a number average equivalent weight from 120 to 1500, a second polyether polyol having a having an average nominal hydroxyl functionality from 4 to 8 and a number average equivalent weight from 120 to 800, and a third polyether polyol having an average nominal hydroxyl functionality from 2 to 4 a number average equivalent weight from 200 to 500 and toluene diisocyanate.

Abstract: Dispersions of silicate particles are formed in a polyol phase. The polyol, an alkoxysilane, water and catalyst are combined and reacted under specific temperature conditions to form the silicate particles in-situ in a liquid polyol phase. The dispersions are characterized in having excellent stability.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed towards polyether polyol compositions that can be utilized to form semi-rigid foams. As an example, a polyether polyol composition can include a first polyether polyol having an average nominal hydroxyl functionality from 2 to 4 and a number average equivalent weight from 120 to 1500, a second polyether polyol having a having an average nominal hydroxyl functionality from 4 to 8 and a number average equivalent weight from 120 to 800, and a third polyether polyol having an average nominal hydroxyl functionality from 2 to 4 a number average equivalent weight from 200 to 500.

Abstract: A method for making a copolymer polyol includes (a) forming a pre-compounded thermoplastic polymeric composition by compounding from 10 wt % to 90 wt % of a solid functional additive component with from 10 wt % to 90 wt % of a polystyrene component, (b) melting the pre-compounded thermoplastic polymeric composition to form a melted thermoplastic polymeric composition, (c) combining the melted thermoplastic polymeric composition with a carrier polyol component in the presence of a stabilizer component to form a pre-mixture that includes the pre-compounded thermoplastic polymeric composition dispersed within a continuous phase of the carrier polyol component, and (d) cooling the pre-mixture to form the copolymer polyol.

Abstract: Flexible polyurethane foams are made by reacting a polyether mixture and water with a polyisocyanate. The foams have excellent suite of properties for use in seating applications, as they are supporting, comfortable and resilient foam. A further advantage is these properties can be obtained at isocyanate indices of close to or even greater than 100.

Abstract: A reaction system for forming a viscoelastic polyurethane foam includes an isocyanate component that has at least one isocyanate and an isocyanate-reactive component that is a mixture formed by adding at least a polyol component, an additive component, and a preformed aqueous polymer dispersion. The mixture includes, based on the total weight of the mixture, from 50.0 wt % to 99.8 wt % of a polyol component including at least one polyether polyol, from 0.1 wt % to 50.0 wt % of an additive component including at least one catalyst, and from 0.1 wt % to 6.0 wt % of a preformed aqueous polymer dispersion. The preformed aqueous polymer dispersion has a solids content from 10 wt % to 80 wt %, based on the total weight of the preformed aqueous polymer dispersion, and is one of an aqueous acid polymer dispersion or an aqueous acid modified polyolefin polymer dispersion in which the polyolefin is derived from at least one C2 to C20 alpha-olefin.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed towards polyol compositions including a dispersion of polyisocyanate polyaddition particles in a carrier polyol, wherein the polyisocyanate polyaddition particles have an average particle diameter from 0.1 to 10.0 microns and the dispersion has a solids content from 5 wt % to 50 wt % based upon a total weight of the dispersion, and a polyester polyol that is from 1 wt % to 98 wt % of the polyol composition based upon a total weight of the polyol composition.

Abstract: A polyol composition is made by polymerizing a mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide onto a mixture of at least one diol initiator and at least one triol initiator, followed by polymerizing 100% propylene oxide or a mixture of at least 90 weight percent propylene oxide and at most 10 weight percent ethylene oxide. The resulting polyol composition has a hydroxyl equivalent weight of 200 to 400 and an average nominal functionality of 2.05 to 2.95 hydroxyl groups/molecule. 5 to 30 percent of the hydroxyl groups of the coinitiated polyether polyol are primary hydroxyl groups and polymerized ethylene oxide constitutes 40 to 63 percent of the total weight of the coinitiated polyether polyol.

Abstract: A reaction system for forming a polyurethane product comprises an isocyanate component and an isocyanate-reactive component including a sulfur-containing polyether polyol that is an alkylated sulfur-containing initiator. The sulfur-containing polyether polyol has a number average molecular weight from 400 g/mol to 10,000 g/mol and the sulfur-containing initiator having another number average molecular weight that is less than the number average molecular weight of the sulfur-containing polyether polyol. The composition has a sulfur content from 0.1 wt % to 3.0 wt %, based on a total weight of the composition.

Abstract: A method of forming a flexible polyurethane foam that passes BS 5852:2006 source V (Crib 5) test. The method includes providing a modified polyisocyanate polyaddition (PIPA) 5 polyol formed by contacting a PIPA polyol dispersion with at least one carboxylic acid having a melting point above zero degree Celsius and present in a carrier solvent. The PIPA polyol dispersion has a polyol liquid phase content of 60 wt. % to 90 wt. % and a solid particle phase content of 10 wt. % to 40 wt. % based on a total weight of the PIPA polyol dispersion. From 10 weight percent (wt. %) to 80 wt. % of the modified PIPA polyol is combined with 90 wt. % to 20 10 wt. % of at least another polyether polyol based on a total weight of a polyol blend of the PIPA polyol and the at least another polyether polyol, where the polyether polyol is formed with propylene oxide and ethylene oxide and has an equivalent weight of 1,000 to 2,000 and a functionality of 3 to 6.

Abstract: A reaction system for forming a viscoelastic polyurethane foam includes an isocyanate component that has at least one isocyanate and an isocyanate-reactive component that is a mixture formed by adding at least a polyol component, an additive component, and a preformed aqueous polymer dispersion. The mixture includes, based on the total weight of the mixture, from 50.0 wt % to 99.8 wt % of a polyol component including at least one polyether polyol, from 0.1 wt % to 50.0 wt % of an additive component including at least one catalyst, and from 0.1 wt % to 6.0 wt % of a preformed aqueous polymer dispersion. The preformed aqueous polymer dispersion has a solids content from 10 wt % to 80 wt %, based on the total weight of the preformed aqueous polymer dispersion, and is one of an aqueous acid polymer dispersion or an aqueous acid modified polyolefin polymer dispersion in which the polyolefin is derived from at least one C2 to C20 alpha-olefin.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed towards polyether polyol compositions that can be utilized to form semi-rigid foams. As an example, a polyether polyol composition can include a first polyether polyol having an average nominal hydroxyl functionality from 2 to 4 and a number average equivalent weight from 120 to 1500, a second polyether polyol having a having an average nominal hydroxyl functionality from 4 to 8 and a number average equivalent weight from 120 to 800, and a third polyether polyol having an average nominal hydroxyl functionality from 2 to 4 a number average equivalent weight from 200 to 500.

Abstract: A method for making a copolymer polyol includes (a) forming a pre-compounded thermoplastic polymeric composition by compounding from 10 wt % to 90 wt % of a solid functional additive component with from 10 wt % to 90 wt % of a polystyrene component, (b) melting the pre-compounded thermoplastic polymeric composition to form a melted thermoplastic polymeric composition, (c) combining the melted thermoplastic polymeric composition with a carrier polyol component in the presence of a stabilizer component to form a pre-mixture that includes the pre-compounded thermoplastic polymeric composition dispersed within a continuous phase of the carrier polyol component, and (d) cooling the pre-mixture to form the copolymer polyol.

Abstract: PIPA polyols are made by reacting a low equivalent weight polyol with a polyisocyanate in the presence of a stabilizer. Low amounts, if any, of water are present. Useful stabilizers include functionalized linear or branched polyethers having at least one polyether segment having a molecular weight of 200 to 8000, wherein the functionalized polyether is terminated at one end with one or more isocyanate groups or with one or more isocyanate-reactive groups linked to the polyether through one or more urea and/or urethane groups, and further wherein all or a portion of such functionalized polyether contains one or more biuret, isocyanurate, urea or allophonate groups.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed towards semi-flexible foam formulations that can be utilized to form semi-flexible foams. As an example, a semiflexible foam formulation can include a first polyether polyol having an average nominal hydroxyl functionality from 2 to 4 and a number average equivalent weight from 120 to 1500, a second polyether polyol having a having an average nominal hydroxyl functionality from 4 to 8 and a number average equivalent weight from 120 to 800, and a third polyether polyol having an average nominal hydroxyl functionality from 2 to 4 a number average equivalent weight from 200 to 500 and toluene diisocyanate.