Abstract: An improved formulation of an ophthalmic composition contains riboflavin, as cross-linking agent of corneal collagen, administered by corneal iontophoresis, able to guarantee an increased capacity of permeation of riboflavin of the corneal stroma and therefore greater therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of keratoconus.

Abstract: An animal-machine audio interaction system includes a sound monitor for monitoring the sounds made by one or more animals, a sound segmenter for identifying coherent sound segments within the sounds made by the animal(s), a sound analyzer for analyzing and assigning a category to each sound segment, an output sound selector for selecting an output sound appropriate to the category assigned by the sound analyzer, and a sound output unit for outputting the selected output sound to the animal(s). A different control protocol may be used to define the categories assigned to the animal sounds and to determine the respective audio responses that are appropriate to the different sound categories. During operation of the system, a closed-loop audio interaction is set up between the animal(s) and the system. This interaction may be used for various purposes, such as investigating animal behavior, entertaining the animal(s) and controlling animal behavior.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for injection into an eye comprising of a means for displacing a conjunctival layer of the eye over an underlying scleral layer of the eye so as to form a fold in the conjunctival layer, and means for guiding a needle through the conjunctival layer once the fold has been formed.

Abstract: The invention concerns a device for ocular application of an active principle (1) comprising a main electrode (2) including an insulating layer, an adhesive layer designed to bind the insulating layer to a conductive layer, characterized in that the main electrode comprises a zone (21, 22) designed to be urged into contact with an eyelid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for packaging and dispensing a generally liquid or viscous product, including a container for containing the product to be packaged and dispensed in the form of clean or sterile calibrated doses or drops using a dispensing accessory including a tip, wherein the assembly of the container and the accessory includes an additional flexible and deformable chamber actuated simultaneously with the accessory and capable of either sucking the residual drop at the end of said accessory after dispensing a calibrated dose or drop, or of blowing said calibrated dose or drop without permitting the formation of a residual drop. The invention can be used for packaging and dispensing clean or sterile products, in particular doses or drops in the field of ophthalmology.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device of ocular iontophoresis for delivering active substances, comprising a reservoir having an outer wall and a hollow body at least partly delimited by the outer wall, wherein the hollow body is capable of receiving an electrical conductive medium and active substances contained in the medium and has an outlet defining a surface, so-called “application surface”, intended to received a determine part of an eyeball surface, the application surface being at least partly limited by an outer line concave towards the optical axis of the eyeball, wherein the outer wall extends from the outer line with a global outwardly with respect to the said optical axis.

Abstract: A system and method is provided for generating a multi-dimensional contextual platform that may be used to manage, diagnose, and communicate with patients in a medical practice. In particular, the system may provide a website that may provide dynamic, avatar-based interfaces that include a doctor interface and a patient interface. A doctor may create a subscription with an operator of the website in order to find new patients and view patient health records across multiple dimensions. A patient may create a subscription with the operator to locate a doctor and maintain open communications with the doctor. Once subscribed, the doctor and patient may use the website to enhance the overall healthcare experience by using social networking aspects of the website to facilitate doctor and patient communication in real-time.

Abstract: The invention provides an ocular iontophoresis device for delivering medication, the device comprising a medication reservoir suitable for being positioned on the eye, at least one medication in solution in the reservoir, an active electrode disposed in the reservoir, and a passive electrode, the device including at least one medication dissolved in non-saline water, the said solution having a lying in the range 6.5 to 8.5, the medication having a pKa lying in the range about 5.5 to about 9.5 and includes an active principle which is associated with an additive, such as a dendrimer, a polymer, a nanoparticle, a microsphere, a liposome, or an emulsion, and having an ionic form of valency greater than or equal to 1.

Abstract: Iontophoresis for delivering ophthalmic compositions (in particular. collyriums) preferably containing riboflavin, or other cross-linking agents, designed to imbibe the corneal stroma in the practice of the corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) for the keratoconus treatment, and the corresponding ophthalmic compositions adapted to be administrated by iontophoresis in the treatment of keratoconus by corneal collagen cross-linking. Additionally, an ophthalmic composition for the treatment of keratoconus by corneal iontophoresis characterized by the fact that it includes cross-linking agents having buffering properties and whose initial pH value is included between 5 and 6, and/or bio-enhancers, and/or photo-enhancers.

Abstract: A new type of Markovian sequence generator and generation method generates a Markovian sequence having controllable properties, notably properties that satisfy at least one control criterion which is a computable requirement holding on items in the sequence. The Markovian sequence is generated chunkwise, each chunk containing a plurality of items in the sequence. During generation of each chunk a search is performed in the space of Markovian sequences to find a chunk-sized series of items which enables the control criterion to be satisfied. The search can be performed using a generate and test approach in which chunk-sized Markovian sequences are generated then tested for compliance with the requirement(s) of the control criteria.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for injection into an eye comprising of a means for displacing a conjunctival layer of the eye over an underlying scleral layer of the eye so as to form a fold in the conjunctival layer, and means for guiding a needle through the conjunctival layer once the fold has been formed.

Abstract: Ocular iontophoresis device and method for delivering any ionized drug solution to the cornea includes: a reservoir containing a solution suitable to be positioned on the eye; an active electrode disposed in or on the reservoir; and a passive electrode suitable to be placed on the skin of the subject, elsewhere on the body; elements for irradiating the cornea surface with suitable light for obtaining corneal cross-linking after the drug delivery; wherein the reservoir and the active electrode are transparent to UV light and/or visible light and/or IR light. The method includes: positioning the iontophoretic device on the eye to be treated; driving the solution by a cathodic current applied for 0.5 to 5 min, at an intensity not higher than 2 mA; and thereafter irradiating, with UV light for 5 to 30 min at a power of 3 to 30 mW/cm2; thereby obtaining the corneal cross-linking of the solution.

Abstract: The application relates to an apparatus for intraocular injection comprising a plate adapted for being brought into contact with an eye and guiding means for guiding a needle into the interior of an eye, characterized in that the plate comprises a cut-out having an edge adapted to be positioned along the limbus delimiting the cornea and the sclera of the eye, so as to adjust the position of the guiding means with respect to the limbus.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device of ocular iontophoresis for delivering active substances, comprising a reservoir having an outer wall and a hollow body at least partly delimited by the outer wall, wherein the hollow body is capable of receiving an electrical conductive medium and active substances contained in the medium and has an outlet defining a surface, so-called “application surface”, intended to received a determine part of an eyeball surface, the application surface being at least partly limited by an outer line concave towards the optical axis of the eyeball, wherein the outer wall extends from the outer line with a global outwardly with respect to the said optical axis.

Abstract: Meta-data (tags) for an audiovisual file can be generated by producing an initial estimate of the tags and then revising the estimate (notably to expand it and/or render it more precise) based on the assumption that the relationships which hold between the different tags for a set of manually-tagged training examples will also hold for the tags of the input file now being tagged. A fully-automatic method and system is a hybrid between signal-based and machine-learning approaches, because the initial tag estimate is based on the physical properties of the signal representing the audiovisual file. The initial tag estimate may be produced by inferring that the input content will have the same tags as those files of the same kind, in the training database, which have a global similarity to the input audiovisual file in terms of signal properties.

Abstract: Meta-data (tags) for an audiovisual file can be generated by prompting a user to input certain tags (meta-data) descriptive of the audiovisual file, to serve as an initial estimate of the tags, and then revising the initial estimate (notably to expand it and/or render it more precise) based on the assumption that the relationships which hold between the different tags for a set of manually-tagged training examples will also hold for the tags of the input file now being tagged.

Abstract: The invention provides an ocular iontophoresis device for delivering medication, the device comprising a medication reservoir suitable for being positioned on the eye, at least one medication in solution in the reservoir, an active electrode disposed in the reservoir, and a passive electrode, the device including at least one medication dissolved in non-saline water, the said solution having a pH lying in the range 6.5 to 8.5, the medication having a pKa lying in the range about 5.5 to about 9.5 and includes an active principle which is associated with an additive, such as a dendrimer, a polymer, a nanoparticle, a microsphere, a liposome, or an emulsion, and having an ionic form of valency greater than or equal to 1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for creating a Markov process that generates sequences. Each sequence has a finite length L, comprises items from a set of a specific number n of items, and satisfies one or more control constraints specifying one or more requirements on the sequence. The method comprises the steps of receiving data defining an initial Markov process of a specific order d and having an initial probability distribution and of receiving data defining one or more control constraints. The method further comprises the step of generating data defining intermediary matrices, each matrix being of dimension nd by n, by zeroing out transitions in the initial Markov process data that are forbidden by the one or more control constraints.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device of ocular iontophoresis for delivering active substances, comprising a reservoir having an outer wall and a hollow body at least partly delimited by the outer wall, wherein the hollow body is capable of receiving an electrical conductive medium and active substances contained in the medium and has an outlet defining a surface, so-called “application surface”, intended to received a determine part of an eyeball surface, the application surface being at least partly limited by an outer line concave towards the optical axis of the eyeball, wherein the outer wall extends from the outer line with a global outwardly with respect to the said optical axis.

Abstract: A system and method is provided for generating a multi-dimensional contextual platform that may be used to manage, diagnose, and communicate with patients in a medical practice. In particular, the system may provide a website that may provide dynamic, avatar-based interfaces that include a doctor interface and a patient interface. A doctor may create a subscription with an operator of the website in order to find new patients and view patient health records across multiple dimensions. A patient may create a subscription with the operator to locate a doctor and maintain open communications with the doctor. Once subscribed, the doctor and patient may use the website to enhance the overall healthcare experience by using social networking aspects of the website to facilitate doctor and patient communication in real-time.