Abstract: An apparatus is provided to calibrate a target electrical circuit. The target electrical circuit includes at least a first variable capacitor and a first resistive element. The apparatus includes a second variable capacitor proportionally matched to the first variable capacitor. The apparatus also includes a measurement branch having at least a second resistive element proportionally matched to the first resistive element, and a current generator to generate a current proportionally matched to a predicted current of the target circuit. The apparatus also includes a digital loop to generate a digital code based on at least a comparison between a first voltage signal of the measurement branch and a predetermined voltage.

Abstract: A communication circuit, Ethernet controller card, and method comprises K digital-to-analog converters each receiving a corresponding digital control signal and each providing a corresponding analog control signal, wherein K is at least two; K voltage-to-current converters each providing a corresponding bi-level transmit signal component in accordance with a respective one of the corresponding analog control signals; and wherein the corresponding bi-level transmit signal components of each of the K voltage-to-current converters are combined to produce a J-level transmit signal, wherein J=K+1.

Abstract: An electrical circuit in a communications channel is provided. The electrical circuit includes an active resistive summer. The active resistive summer has a composite signal as an input. The composite signal includes a transmission signal component and a receive signal component. A replica transmission signal is also an input to the active resistive summer. The active resistive summer includes the receive signal component as an output.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided to calibrate a target electrical circuit. The target electrical circuit includes at least a first variable capacitor and a first resistive element. The apparatus includes a second variable capacitor proportionally matched to the first variable capacitor. The apparatus also includes a measurement branch having at least a second resistive element proportionally matched to the first resistive element, and a current generator to generate a current proportionally matched to a predicted current of the target circuit. The apparatus also includes a digital loop to generate a digital code based on at least a comparison between a first voltage signal of the measurement branch and a predetermined voltage.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided to calibrate a target electrical circuit. The target electrical circuit includes at least a first variable capacitor and a first resistive element. The apparatus includes a second variable capacitor proportionally matched to the first variable capacitor. The apparatus also includes a measurement branch having at least a second resistive element proportionally matched to the first resistive element, and a current generator to generate a current proportionally matched to a predicted current of the target circuit. The apparatus also includes a digital loop to generate a digital code based on at least a comparison between d first voltage signal of the measurement branch and a predetermined voltage.

Abstract: A linear voltage regulator generates a regulated output voltage from a low overhead input voltage. The voltage regulator includes a series pass device that generates the output voltage based on a control signal. A sense circuit generates a sense signal that is proportional to the output voltage. An integrator generates an integrated signal based on a difference between a first voltage reference and the sense signal. The integrated signal includes a first voltage reference component and a sense signal component. A summer generates the control signal in response to the integrated signal, a second voltage reference, and the sense signal. The first voltage reference component of the integrated signal has the opposite polarity of the second voltage reference and the sense signal component of the integrated signal is of the same polarity as the sense signal.