Abstract: A method, a system, an apparatus, and a computer program product are presented for fragment caching. After a message is received at a computing device that contains a cache management unit, a fragment in the message body of the message is cached. Subsequent requests for the fragment at the cache management unit result in a cache hit. The cache management unit operates equivalently in support of fragment caching operations without regard to whether the computing device acts as a client, a server, or a hub located throughout the network; in other words, the fragment caching technique is uniform throughout a network. Cache ID rules accompany a fragment from an origin server; the cache ID rules describe a method for forming a unique cache ID for the fragment such that dynamic content can be cached away from an origin server.

Abstract: A method, a system, an apparatus, and a computer program product are presented for a fragment caching methodology. Within the request path from a client to a server, a first computing device may attach to a request message a message header that indicates that the first computing device supports fragment processing; a second computing device within the request path processes this request message. When the second computing device receives a response message corresponding to the request message, it can check for a message header directive that indicates that it should cache the response message's fragment only if the response path does not have at least one computing device that supports the processing of fragments; if so, then it forwards the response message without caching its contained fragment.

Abstract: A method for inspecting small holes in a material is disclosed. The method comprises directing a light source through the holes in the material, and then focusing the light passing through the material onto a CCD detector. The focusing techniques allow for a reduction in the size of the image which must be inspected, thereby increasing sample throughput, while still allowing for detailed inspection of the hole number and quality. Methods of producing an aerosolization container and device comprising membranes which pass such an inspection are also provided.

Abstract: A semiconductor device (10, 40) is formed to have a well (19) in a substrate (11). The well and the substrate have the same doping type, for example both P-type or both N-type. Low resistance contact regions (26, 27) of a second conductivity type are formed to at least abut the well. A drain (17) is formed within one low resistance contact region. A source (12) is formed in the substrate and laterally displaced from the other low resistance contact region. A buried layer (21, 22, 23) is formed laterally across the well.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for multiplexing higher-layer packets (110) into a single lower layer packet (112) is described herein. There exists an optimal frame size for a given bit error rate (BER). The optimal frame size provides the best trade off between frame size and capacity. The BER for a transmission media (205) is constantly monitored and the lower-layer packet size (112) is adjusted dynamically based on the BER.

Abstract: A method of forming a semiconductor device (10, 40, 45, 50) forms a plurality of P and N stripes (16,17) within a first region (12) that is formed with an opposite conductivity to a substrate (11). The plurality of P and N stripes assist in providing a low on-resistance. A portion (15) of the first region underlies the P and N stripes and protects the semiconductor device from high voltages applied to the drain. A base layer (41) and a cap layer (48) further reduce the on-resistance of the semiconductor device.

Abstract: A system and method of providing a silent alarm is provided for tactilely alerting a user. The system includes a timekeeping device having a timekeeping mechanism for tracking real time, an input mechanism operatively connected to the timekeeping mechanism for setting an alarm time, a processor operatively connected to the timekeeping mechanism that monitors the real time and the alarm time, and a wireless data transmitter operatively connected to the processor, such that the wireless data transmitter transmits a signal at a predetermined radio frequency when the real time corresponds to the alarm time. The system also includes a silent alarm signaling device secured to a user, wherein said silent alarm signaling device includes a wireless data receiver, a processor operatively connected to the wireless data receiver, and a signaling mechanism operatively controlled by the processor.

Abstract: During reception of a higher-layer packet (301), segmented into lower-layer frames (302), a receiver (400) will appropriately determine if a lower-layer frame was correctly received (503). If a lower-layer frame is not correctly received, and the maximum number of NAKs have been sent, the lower-layer frame is categorized as aborted. Once a frame has been categorized as aborted, the receiver will send no more NAKs for a predetermined number of lower-layer frames (302). In particular, those lower-layer frames (302) associated with the higher-layer packet will fail to have NAKs sent even if they are improperly received.

Abstract: An environmental friendly process for the production of precipitated calcium carbonate suitable for industrial application from calcium carbonate rich by-product of nitrophosphate fertilizer plant by adopting purification steps of calcination, carbonation and optional treatment with emulsion of fatty acid or its derivatives.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for off-loading application components to edge servers are provided. An application is made edge-aware by defining which components of the application may be run from an edge server, and which components cannot be run from an edge server. When a request is received that is to be processed by an application on an origin server, a determination is made as to whether the application contains edgable components. If so, an edgified version of the application is created. When a request is received that is handled by a component that may be run on the edge server, the request is handled by that component on the edge server. When a request is received that is handled by a component that is not edgable, the request is passed to a proxy agent which then provides the request to a broker agent on the origin server.

Abstract: A method for producing a nozzle useful in generating a fine aerosol for delivery of therapeutic or diagnostic agents is provided. The method comprises focusing a laser source onto a thin, preferably flexible material so as to form pores substantially through the material. The pores are formed to have an unflexed exit aperture diameter in the range of about 0.5 to about 25 microns, depending on the size of the aerosol particles desired for a particular application. The nozzle may have a variety of shapes and be distributed in a variety of patterns. An elevated area can be formed around the exit aperture of the nozzle in order to prevent intrusion of liquid into the nozzle.

Abstract: Linking sequences which modulate cross-talk between modules of Type I polyketide synthases have been identified. Thus, arbitrarily chosen modules can be mixed and matched by supplying the appropriate linkers to obtain desired polyketide synthases and new polyketides. The modules are provided suitable linkers so that the polyketide chain is passed from one module to the other in the correct sequence. Synthetic peptides which mimic linkers can be used to inhibit the synthesis of polyketides. Kinetic channeling, both intrapolypeptide and interpolypeptide, of diketide intermediates in a Type I polyketide synthase can occur.

Abstract: A nozzle comprised of a thin, flexible membrane material having a plurality of pores is disclosed. In one embodiment, the pores have an unflexed exit aperture diameter in the range of about 0.5 to about 2 microns (preferably about 1 micron) and are positioned substantially uniformly in the material, preferably about 50 microns apart. The nozzle preferably has a conical or trumpet-shaped cross-section. In another aspect of the invention, the exit aperture of the nozzle is surrounded by an elevated area protruding above the substantially planar exit side of the membrane in order to prevent intrusion of liquid back into the nozzle. The nozzle can be used to form an aerosol containing a pharmaceutical composition from the exit side of the nozzle upon forcible application of the composition to the entrance side of the nozzle. This aerosol can be used to administer the pharmaceutical composition, for example, to the eye or to a selected portion of the respiratory tract.

Abstract: A multilayer thin film structure having defined strap repair lines thereon and a method for repairing interconnections in the multilayer thin film structure (MLTF) and/or making engineering changes (EC) are provided. The method determines interconnection defects in the MLTF at a thin film layer adjacent the top metal layer of the structure, defines the top surface metallization including a series of orthogonal X conductor lines and Y conductor lines using photoresist and lithography and additive or subtractive metallization techniques and then uses a phototool to selectively expose the photoresist to define top surface strap connections needed to repair the interconnections and/or make EC's, and forms the top surface metallization.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for addressing the name space mismatch between content servers (which use Uniform Resource Locators, or “URLs”) and content caching systems (which use file and path names). A file name-to-URL mapping is created for use by content caching systems, and data in protocol response messages (and optionally in protocol request messages) is augmented to transmit information for use in creating this mapping, enabling a content caching system to automatically and dynamically populate its file name-to-URL mapping. By having the file name available, the caching system can now respond to content management messages which identify the cached content by only the content's associated file name.

Abstract: A method for material processing using a pulsed laser includes generating a beam of laser pulses, focusing the beam in a plane above the surface of a workpiece, causing breakdown of matter at a lasing point, and removing or modifying material of the workpiece. Positioning the focal plane of the laser above the workpiece permits the use of higher intensity laser beam pulses and minimizes ill effects of workpiece surface conditions on laser energy absorption. In a second aspect, a method for material processing further includes using vacuum to remove the material removed by the beam, preferably by a push-pull type air vacuum system located slightly above the workpiece surface, thereby providing cleaner workpiece and feature surfaces.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to a method of identifying a subject having an increased risk of developing cervical cancer based on levels of IGF-II in serum and levels of EGF-R and HPV-E6/E7 in cervical epithelial cells and in serum.

Abstract: A transport service provider provides a credit-based flow control scheme and is designed to operate over VI Architecture. The credit-based flow control scheme reduces overhead (e.g., reduces buffer copies and kernel processing) by relying upon the reliability properties of the underlying VI Architecture. If the number of send credits is sufficient, then the sender prepares and sends the packet. Otherwise, the sender sends a Credit Request and waits for a Credit Response. Upon receiving the corresponding Credit Response, the sender continues sending data packets. In response to a sender's Credit Request, the receiver sends the Credit Response only when it has enough receive credits (above a threshold value or low water mark).

Abstract: A communication system sorts packets or messages at a base station such that differential delays and absolute delays are reduced, further resulting in less needed memory at the packet selector and reduced jitter. The sorting is based on a packet identifier that is associated with each packet or message, which packet identifier includes data specific to the packet.

Abstract: A nozzle comprising a thin, flexible substantially planar polymeric film having a plurality of pores with structures allowing for generation of an aerosol at reduced extrusion pressure is disclosed. The pores can comprise at least two sections, or steps, in which the thickness of the membrane is reduced in stepwise fashion, or the pores can be tapered. Nozzles formed comprising pores having such structures permit aerosol generation at lower extrusion pressures, thereby allowing for decreased weight of aerosolization devices, increased efficiency, increased portability and increased battery life. The pore structures also allow for the use of thicker, more easily processed polymeric films in manufacturing while having a thinner, more efficient aerosolization area. The use of decreased extrusion pressures also results in increased uniformity in aerosol generation and improved reliability of other components.