Abstract: A method of controlling an optical output power of a laser diode associated with a photodiode includes obtaining first optical trimming parameters indicative of a first optical output power of the laser diode at a first laser diode current and a second optical output power of the laser diode at a second laser diode current above lasing threshold. Next, second electrical trimming parameters indicative of a photodiode characteristic curve of photodiode current versus laser diode current are obtained. A first photodiode current and a second photodiode current at a laser diode currents below lasing threshold. A slope of a photodiode current versus laser diode current is determined. The optical output power of the laser diode above lasing threshold is controlled based on the first optical trimming parameters, the second electrical trimming parameters and the slope of the photodiode current versus laser diode current below lasing threshold.

Abstract: A method for actuating an actuable deflection device of an optical system for a virtual retinal display. A first eye status of the user of the virtual retinal display, detected and/or determined using an eye status detection device of the optical system, is received by way of a control unit of the optical system at a first time. In addition, first actuation signals are generated for the actuable deflection device using the control unit, in such a way that the scanning region of the deflection device is adjusted in accordance with the detected and/or determined first eye status of the user.

Abstract: A method reduces false-positive particle counts detected by an interference particle sensor module, which has a laser and a light detector. The method including: emitting laser light; providing a high-frequency signal during the emission of the laser light, a modulation frequency of the high-frequency signal being between 10-500 MHz; detecting an optical response by the light detector in reaction to the emitted laser light while providing the high-frequency signal, which is arranged such that a detection signal caused by a macroscopic object positioned between a first and second distance is reduced in comparison to a detection signal caused by the macroscopic object at the same position without providing the high-frequency signal. The high-frequency signal is provided to a tuning structure of the particle sensor module which is arranged to modify a resonance frequency of an optical resonator comprised by the laser sensor module upon reception of the high-frequency signal.

Abstract: A laser device includes a laser diode configured to emit radiation, an output power of the radiation being dependent on a laser diode driving current, and a photodiode configured to receive the radiation emitted by the laser diode. A photodiode current induced in the photodiode by the received radiation is dependent on a power of the received radiation. The laser device further includes circuitry configured to measure the photodiode current for a laser diode driving current and calculate a laser threshold current of the laser diode from the measured photodiode current as a measure of an actual laser threshold current of the laser diode. The circuitry is further configured to detect a malfunction or degradation of the laser diode.

Abstract: A method for projecting image contents onto a user's retina using an optical system. A light beam is first projected onto a diverting unit of the optical system using a projector unit of the optical system. The light beam is subsequently diverted to the position of the user's eye. An ascertained deviation of an actual state of the projected light beam diverted by the diverting unit from a desired state is stored using memory unit. Second image data are generated using an image-processing device based on the stored and ascertained deviation of the actual state of the projected light beam from the desired state. The second image data are received using the projector unit. The received second image data are projected at successive second time intervals using the projector unit. At least two of the second time intervals differ from one another in terms of time.

Abstract: A method for detecting and creating magnetic resonance imaging anatomical outlines of a subject, including acquiring magnetic resonance imaging signals of a selected region of interest of the subject's anatomy, processing the magnetic resonance imaging signals to determine image pixel intensity. calculating a mean intensity value associated with the center location of the selected region of interest, and determining concentric interior and exterior anatomical outlines surrounding the center location. Image pixels with an intensity value greater than the mean intensity value by a first threshold amount are designated as part of the interior anatomical outline. Image pixels with an intensity value less than the mean intensity value by a second threshold amount are designated as part of the exterior anatomical outline.

Abstract: A method for actuating an actuable deflection device of an optical system for a virtual retinal display. A first eye status of the user of the virtual retinal display, detected and/or determined using an eye status detection device of the optical system, is received by way of a control unit of the optical system at a first time. In addition, first actuation signals are generated for the actuable deflection device using the control unit, in such a way that the scanning region of the deflection device is adjusted in accordance with the detected and/or determined first eye status of the user.

Abstract: A two-stage transimpedance amplifier device having a transimpedance amplifier and a post-connected voltage differential amplifier. One of the two amplifiers receives a signal from the respective other amplifier as a reference signal. In this way, a noise compensation is able to be achieved.

Abstract: A method for projecting image contents onto a user’s retina using an optical system. A light beam is first projected onto a diverting unit of the optical system using a projector unit of the optical system. The light beam is subsequently diverted to the position of the user’s eye. An ascertained deviation of an actual state of the projected light beam diverted by the diverting unit from a desired state is stored using memory unit. Second image data are generated using an image-processing device based on the stored and ascertained deviation of the actual state of the projected light beam from the desired state. The second image data are received using the projector unit. The received second image data are projected at successive second time intervals using the projector unit. At least two of the second time intervals differ from one another in terms of time.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for detecting particles, having the steps of: receiving (S1) a measurement signal; calculating (S2) at least one estimated noise value using the received measurement signal; and detecting (S3) the particles using the measurement signal on the basis of at least one detection criterion, wherein the at least one detection criterion depends on the at least one calculated estimated noise value.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and an apparatus for monitoring the optical output power of a laser diode (LD) having an associated photodiode (PD), and a particle sensor apparatus. The photodiode (PD) is operable together with the laser diode (LD), wherein it detects the light (LS) of the laser diode (LD) and converts it into an electrical current, and is thermally coupled to the laser diode (LD). Monitoring of the optical output power P is effected during the operation of the laser diode (LD) and is based on current measurements and/or voltage measurements at the laser diode (LD) and at the photodiode (PD).

Abstract: In a method for transmitting and reproducing acoustic information, acoustic data is provided which comprises a first data component and a second data component, wherein the first data component does not contain speech information, and the second data component contains speech information. Each piece of data is reproduced by first and second audio reproduction means (30, 40) such that all users (101, 102) can hear the acoustic signals emitted by the first audio reproduction means (30) together, and the acoustic signals emitted by the second audio reproduction means (40) can be heard substantially only by the corresponding user (101, 102).

Abstract: A gauge for determining the operational viability of a device that requires that a consumable or otherwise erodible material for safe and/or efficient operation reside along or near an inside wall of a cavity, for example, a fuse tube containing an ablative arc-extinguishing material as found in a fused cutout, is provided, which gauge measures whether a sufficient quantity of the material to be consumed remains.

Abstract: A method of controlling an optical output power of a laser diode associated with a photodiode includes obtaining first optical trimming parameters indicative of a first optical output power of the laser diode at a first laser diode current and a second optical output power of the laser diode at a second laser diode current above lasing threshold. Next, second electrical trimming parameters indicative of a photodiode characteristic curve of photodiode current versus laser diode current are obtained. A first photodiode current and a second photodiode current at a laser diode currents below lasing threshold. A slope of a photodiode current versus laser diode current is determined. The optical output power of the laser diode above lasing threshold is controlled based on the first optical trimming parameters, the second electrical trimming parameters and the slope of the photodiode current versus laser diode current below lasing threshold.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for estimating a condition parameter of a laser diode having an associated photodiode, to an apparatus for monitoring the operation of such a laser diode, and to a particle sensor apparatus. The photodiode (PD) is operable together with the laser diode (LD), wherein it detects the light (LS) of the laser diode (LD) and converts it into an electrical current, and is thermally coupled to the laser diode (LD). The at least one condition parameter is estimated during the operation of the laser diode (LD) and the estimation is based on current measurements and/or voltage measurements at the laser diode (LD) and/or at the photodiode (PD).

Abstract: This disclosure provides a method of measuring the axial rotation of a selected vertebra of a patient using a magnetic resonance (MR) image. The method includes: identifying, in the MR image, two or more features of the selected vertebra; determining a first axis connecting the identified features; identifying, in the MR image, two or more features of the patient's surrounding anatomy that are not features of the selected vertebra; determining a second axis connecting the identified features of the patient's surrounding anatomy; measuring the angular difference between the first and second axes; and determining the axial rotation of the cervical vertebra based on the measurement. In some examples of the disclosure, determining the axial rotation of the cervical vertebra is based on the degree of perpendicularity between the first and second axes.

Abstract: A laser device includes a laser diode configured to emit radiation, an output power of the radiation being dependent on a laser diode driving current, and a photodiode configured to receive the radiation emitted by the laser diode. A photodiode current induced in the photodiode by the received radiation is dependent on a power of the received radiation. The laser device further includes circuitry configured to measure the photodiode current for a laser diode driving current and calculate a laser threshold current of the laser diode from the measured photodiode current as a measure of an actual laser threshold current of the laser diode. The circuitry is further configured to detect a malfunction or degradation of the laser diode.

Abstract: A method reduces false-positive particle counts detected by an interference particle sensor module, which has a laser and a light detector. The method including: emitting laser light; providing a high-frequency signal during the emission of the laser light, a modulation frequency of the high-frequency signal being between 10-500 MHz; detecting an optical response by the light detector in reaction to the emitted laser light while providing the high-frequency signal, which is arranged such that a detection signal caused by a macroscopic object positioned between a first and second distance is reduced in comparison to a detection signal caused by the macroscopic object at the same position without providing the high-frequency signal. The high-frequency signal is provided to a tuning structure of the particle sensor module which is arranged to modify a resonance frequency of an optical resonator comprised by the laser sensor module upon reception of the high-frequency signal.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus and systems magnetic resonance imaging. The system may acquire images associated with a target region the body part including the target region moves, using a series of imaging planes correlated with the motion. The images are then displayed in time order sequence to provide a motion picture. The system may also provide for imaging in multiple planes such as mutually-perpendicular planes with rapid and facile switching between these planes. The multi-plane views can be used, for example, to monitor insertion of an instrument into the patient.

Abstract: An ESD protective device for a MEMS element is described as having at least one first line; at least one n-region connected to the first line; at least one insulating region connected to the n-region; at least one p-region connected to the insulating region; at least one second line connected to the p-region; the n-region, the insulating region, and the p-region being situated on a substrate.