Abstract: A process for preparing aliphatic alpha,omega-amino nitrites by partial hydrogenation of aliphatic alpha,omega-dinitriles in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the catalyst used for the partial hydrogenation comprises (a) iron or a compound based on iron or mixtures thereof and (b) from 0.01 to 5% by weight, based on (a), of a promoter based on 2,3,4 or 5 elements selected from the group consisting of aluminum, silicon, zirconium, titanium and vanadium and (c) from 0 to 5% by weight, based on (a), of a compound based on an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal.

Abstract: Polytetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran copolymers, diesters or monoesters of these polymers are prepared by polymerizing tetrahydrofuran in the presence of at least one telogen and/or comonomer on a heterogeneous carrier catalyst which contains on an oxidic carrier material as active mass a catalytically active amount of at least one oxygenous molybdenum and/or tungsten compound and, when the precursor compounds of the active mass have been applied to the carrier material precursor, has been calcined at temperatures of between 500° C. and 1000° C. The catalyst used contains a promotor which comprises at least one element or a compound of an element of the 2nd, 3rd including the lanthanides, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th or 14th group of the periodic system of elements.

Abstract: A process for coproduction of 6-aminocapronitrile and hexamethylenediamine starting from adiponitrile comprises (1) partially hydrogenating adiponitrile in the presence of a catalyst to obtain a mixture comprising 6-aminocapronitrile, hexamethylenediamine and adiponitrile, (2) removing 6-aminocapronitrile and hexamethylenediamine from the mixture, (3) adding to the portion comprising essentially adiponitrile from 0.01 to 10% by weight of an acid, based on adiponitrile, or an acidic ion exchanger and removing the adiponitrile from the mixture, and (4) recycling the adiponitrile into step (1).

Abstract: In a process for preparing aliphatic alcohols by hydrogenating aliphatic carboxylic acids or anhydrides or esters thereof or lactones in the presence of a catalyst comprising Pt and Re, in the form of the metal or an oxide in each case, the catalyst further comprises at least one further element from the groups 5 to 12 and 14 and the lanthanides of the Periodic Table of the Elements in the form of the metal or an oxide.

Abstract: A process for preparing tetrahydrofuran, which comprises reacting 1,4-butenediol diethers of the formulae I and/or II RO—CH2—CH═CH—CH2—OR  I RO—CH2—CH2═CH—CH2—OR  II, where the R radicals can be identical or different and are C1-C15-alkyl or cycloalkyl radicals, C6-C12-aryl radicals or C7-C15-aralkyl radicals, with water and hydrogen at from 20 to 300° C. under from 1 to 300 bar in the presence of catalysts or catalyst combinations which comprise components which are both capable of hydrogenation and have acidic or basic centers and a novel process for preparing 1,4-butanediol diethers of the formula I by metathesis are described.

Abstract: Caprolactam and hexamethylenediamine are prepared simultaneously starting from adiponitrile.

Abstract: In a process for preparing alcohols by gas phase hydrogenation of carboxylic acids or esters thereof at elevated temperature and elevated pressure in the presence of catalysts consisting of or comprising, as hydrogenating components, oxides of main group VI and/or subgroup IV, the hydrogenation is carried outa) at from 250.degree. C. to 400.degree. C. and from 5 bar to 100 bar in the presence ofb) primary or secondary alcohols, the molar hydrogen/alcohol ratio being at most 800.

Abstract: A process for recovering hexamethylenediamine (I) from a mixture (II) including(I) hexamethylenediamine,(III) hexamethyleneimine,(IV) a compound selected from 2-aminomethylcyclopentylamine and 1,2-diaminocyclohexane,(V) an imine,(VI) adiponitrile and 6-aminocapronitrileincludes distilling(a) a mixture (II) to obtain(a1) a low boiling fraction (III),(a2) a medium boiling fraction (VII) (I), (IV) and (V), and(a3) a high boiling fraction (V) and (VI),(b) a mixture (VII) to obtain(b1) an overhead product (IV), and(b2) a mixture (VIII) (I) and (V) as bottom product, and(c) a mixture (VIII) to obtain(c1) (I) as overhead product, and(c2) a bottom product (V).

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the preparation of 6-aminocapronitrile or 6-aminocapronitrile-hexamethylene diamine mixtures by: a) reacting 5-formylvaleronitrile with ammonia and hydrogen in the presence of hydrogenation catalysts selected from the group consisting of metals or metal compounds rhenium, copper and elements of group VIII of the periodic table of elements, a hydrogenation discharge product being obtained; and b) extracting from the hydrogenation discharge product 6-aminocapronitrile and optionally hexamethylene diamine, provided that the hydrogenation catalyst does not contain copper, nickel or copper and nickel as it's only components.

Abstract: Aliphatic alpha,omega-aminonitriles are prepared by partial hydrogenation of aliphatic alpha,omega-dinitriles at elevated temperatures and superatmospheric pressure in the presence of a solvent and of a catalyst by a process which comprises using a catalyst which(a) contains a compound based on a metal selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, iron, ruthenium and rhodium and(b) contains from 0.01 to 25% by weight, based on (a), of a promoter based on a metal selected from the group consisting of palladium, platinum, iridium, osmium, copper, silver, gold, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, rhenium, zinc, cadmium, lead, aluminum, tin, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, bismuth and rare earth metals and(c) from 0 to 5% by weight, based on (a), of a compound based on an alkali metal or on an alkaline earth metal.

Abstract: A catalyst suitable for preparing aliphatic alpha, omega-aminonitriles by partial hydrogenation of aliphatic dinitriles comprises(a) metallic cobalt, a cobalt compound or a mixture thereof, the proportion of metallic cobalt based on (a) being from 20 to 100% by weight,(b) from 10 to 70% by weight, based on (a), of metallic iron, iron oxide, a further iron compound or a mixture thereof, the proportion of iron oxide based on (b) being from 20 to 100% by weight,(c) from 0 to 1% by weight, based on (a), of a compound based on an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal or zinc.

Abstract: Polytetrahydrofuran, copolymers of tetrahydrofuran and 2-butyne-1,4-diol, diesters of these polymers with C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 -monocarboxylic acids or monoesters of these polymers with C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -monocarboxylic acids are prepared by polymerization of tetrahydrofuran in the presence of one of the telogens water, 1,4-butanediol, 2-butyne-1,4-diol, polytetrahydrofuran having a molecular weight of from 200 to 700 Dalton, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -monocarboxylic acid or an anhydride of a C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 -monocarboxylic acid or a mixture of these telogens over a heterogeneous supported catalyst which comprises a catalytically active amount of an oxygen-containing molybdenum and/or tungsten compound on an oxidic support material and which has been calcined at from 5OO.degree. C. to 1OOO.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for preparing tetrahydrofuran, which comprises reacting 1,4-butenediol diethers of the formulae I and/or IIRO--CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 --OR IRO--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 .dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 --OR II,where the R radicals can be identical or different and are C.sub.1 -C.sub.15 -alkyl or cycloalkyl radicals, C.sub.6 -C.sub.12 -aryl radicals or C.sub.7 -C.sub.15 -aralkyl radicals, with water and hydrogen at from 20 to 300.degree. C. under from 1 to 300 bar in the presence of catalysts or catalyst combinations which comprise components which are both capable of hydrogenation and have acidic or basic centers and a novel process for preparing 1,4-butanediol diethers of the formula I by metathesis are described.The invention furthermore relates to the separate preparation of 1,4-butanediol monoethers of the formula IIIHO--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.

Abstract: 1,4-Butanediol is prepared by a process which comprises converting 1,3-butadiene diepoxide in the presence of hydrogen over a hydrogenation catalyst whose active component is not elemental Pd and/or Pt. The hydrogenation catalyst preferably contains at least one element from the group Ib, VIIb or VIIIb of the Periodic Table of Elements.

Abstract: A process for preparing cyclopentyl formates of the formula (II) ##STR1## by reacting cyclopentenes of the formula (I) ##STR2## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3, independently of one another, are hydrogen atoms or C.sub.1-8 -alkyl,with formic acid in the presence of an acid catalyst.

Abstract: A process for the coproduction of 6-aminocapronitrile (ACN) and hexamethylenediamine (HMD) by treatment of adiponitrile (ADN) with hydrogen in the presence of a nickel-containing catalyst at temperatures not below room temperature and elevated hydrogen partial pressure in the presence or absence of a solvent comprises, after the conversion based on ADN and/or the selectivity based on ACN has or have dropped below a defined value(a) interrupting the treatment of ADN with hydrogen by stopping the feed of ADN and of the solvent, if used,(b) treating the catalyst at from 150 to 400.degree. C. with hydrogen using a hydrogen pressure within the range from 0.1 to 30 MPa and a treatment time within the range from 2 to 48 h, and(c) then continuing the hydrogenation of ADN with the treated catalyst of stage (b).

Abstract: Manufacture of 6-aminocapronitrile or 6-aminocapronitrile/hexamethylene diamine mixtures, involving a) the reaction of at least one pentennitrile, selected from the group consisting of 2,3 and 4-pentennitrile with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of catalysts, which contain at least one element of the eighth subgroup as active components, obtaining a hydrogenation formylating discharge (I), b) the optional separation of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and the catalyst from the hydrogenation formylating discharge (I), obtaining a hydrogenation formylating discharge (II), c) the separation of 5-formyl valeronitrile from the hydrogenation formylating discharge (I) or (II), d) the reaction of separated 5-formyl valeronitrile with ammonia and hydrogen in the presence of hydrogenating catalysts, selected from the group consisting of rhenium, copper and its compounds as well as metals and metallic compounds of the eighth group, obtaining a hydrogenation discharge, and e) obtaining 6-aminocapronitrile and if ne

Abstract: In a process for the preparation of copolymers of tetrahydrofuran and but-2-yne-1,4-diol by catalytic polymerization of tetrahydrofuran, the polymerization is carried out over a heterogeneous acidic catalyst which has acid centers of acidity pK.sub.a <+2 in a concentration of at least 0.005 mmol/g of catalyst, in the presence of but-2-yne-1,4-diol. In particular, for the preparation of polyoxytetramethylene glycol, the copolymers are reacted in the presence of hydrogen over a hydrogenation catalyst.

Abstract: 1,6-Hexanediol is prepared from a carboxylic acid mixture comprising adipic acid, 6-hydroxycaproic acid and small amounts of 1,4-cyclohexanediols which is obtained as a by-product in the oxidation of cyclohexane to cyclohexanone/cyclohexanol by water extraction of the reaction mixture, by esterification of the acids and hydrogenation whereina) the monocarboxylic and dicarboxylic acids present in the aqueous dicarboxylic acid mixture are reacted with a low molecular weight alcohol to give the corresponding carboxylic esters,b) the resulting esterification mixture is freed of excess alcohol and low boilers in a first distillation stage,c) the bottoms are fractionated in a second distillation stage to give an ester fraction essentially free of 1,4-cyclohexanediols and a fraction comprising at least the major part of the 1,4-cyclohexanediols,d) the ester fraction essentially free of 1,4-cyclohexanediols is catalytically hydrogenated ande) in a pure distillation stage, 1,6-hexanediol is isolated from the hydrogena

Abstract: A process for preparing 1,2-butylene oxide by catalytic hydrogenation of vinyloxirane over a heterogeneous catalyst comprises using a catalyst comprising an element of subgroup I, VII or VIII of the periodic table, or mixtures of a plurality of these elements, in the presence or absence of one or more promoter elements, these elements and promoters having been applied by means of a vacuum vapor deposition technique to a support of metal foil or metal wire fabric.