Abstract: 1,6-hexanediol and .epsilon.-caprolactone are prepared from a carboxylic acid mixture comprising adipic acid, 6-hydroxycaproic acid and small amounts of 1,4-cyclohexanediols which is obtained as a by-product in the oxidation of cyclohexane to cyclohexanone/cyclohexanol using oxygen or oxygen-containing gases by water extraction of the reaction mixture, by esterifying and hydrogenating a substream to give hexanediol and cyclizing 6-hydroxycaproic esters to give caprolactone.

Abstract: 1,4-Butanediol is prepared by a process which comprises converting 1,3-butadiene diepoxide in the presence of hydrogen over a hydrogenation catalyst whose active component is not elemental Pd and/or Pt. The hydrogenation catalyst preferably contains at least one element from the group Ib, VIIb or VIIIb of the Periodic Table of Elements.

Abstract: In a process for the catalytic hydrogenation of 2,5- and 2,3-dihydrofuran with hydrogen to give tetrahydrofuran, use is made of a catalyst in which a metal or a plurality of metals have been deposited by vapor deposition or sputtering on a metal wire mesh or a metal foil as support.

Abstract: A method of separating heteropoly compounds from mixtures of polyethers, polyesters and/or polyether esters, a protic component and heteropoly compounds, wherein the protic component is removed from the mixture and subsequently separating off the heteropoly compound as a separate phase. The polymer phase which remains is preferably brought into further contact with a solid adsorbent that is capable of adsorbing heteropoly compounds.

Abstract: 1,6-Hexanediol is prepared bya) Reacting epoxybutadiene in the presence of a metathesis catalyst with elimination of ethene to give bisepoxyhexatrienes of the formulae Ia and Ib ##STR1## and b) hydrogenating these bisepoxyhexatrienes with hydrogen to give 1,6-hexanediol.

Abstract: 1,2-Butylene oxide is prepared by catalytic hydrogenation of vinyloxirane over a heterogeneous catalyst produced by depositing one or more catalytically active elements of groups 7 to 11 of the Periodic Table of the Elements from the gas phase onto an inert, nonmetallic support.

Abstract: Described is a method of producing 1,4-butanediol, the method calling for 2,3-dihydrofuran to be decomposed in a single stage over a hydrogenation catalyst in the presence of water and hydrogen at a temperature of 20 to 300.degree. C. and a pressure of 1 to 300 bar and in neutral or acid conditions.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of halogen-free, reactive polyisobutene having a content of terminal double bonds of more than 50 mol % and an average molecular weight M.sub.n of from 500 to 5000 dalton by the cationic polymerization of isobutene or isobutene-containing hydrocarbon mixtures in the liquid phase, wherein the polymerization is carried out at a temperature of from -30.degree. to +40.degree. C. over a heterogeneous polymerization catalyst containing at least one element acting as promoter and selected from Group IB, Group IIB, Group IIIB, Group IVB, Group VB, Group VIIB, or Group VIIIB of the Periodic Table or from Group IIA, Group IIIA, Group IVA, Group VA, or Group VIA of the Periodic Table or a number of said elements in each case in the form of an oxygen-containing compound and zirconium in the form of an oxygen-containing compound, said polymerization catalyst containing no industrially effective amounts of halogens.

Abstract: Tetrahydrofuran/but-2-yne-1,4-diol copolymers containing C--C triple bonds and having an average molecular weight M.sub.n of from 500 to 3500 Dalton and a content of from 0.5 to 3 mol of triple bonds/mol of copolymer and blends of these copolymers with polytetrahydrofuran having an average molecular weight M.sub.n of from 500 to 3500 Dalton, processes for their preparation and their use.

Abstract: 1,4-butanediol and THF are prepared from furan by a process which comprises converting furan in the presence of water and hydrogen but in the absence of a water-soluble acid in a single stage over a hydrogenation catalyst, the hydrogenation catalyst containing at least one element of subgroup I, V, VI, VII or VIII in the form of a compound or in elemental form and the restriction that the catalyst does not contain nickel alone being applicable.

Abstract: Process for regenerating a silver catalyst deactivated by coking during the gas phase epoxidation of 1,3-butadiene by reacting the coked catalyst with a gas mixture containing at least 5% by volume of water vapor and up to 95% by volume of oxygen at temperatures of from 100 to 500 .degree. C.

Abstract: A process for preparing 1,2-butylene oxide by catalytic hydrogenation of vinyloxirane over a heterogeneous catalyst comprises using a catalyst comprising an element of subgroup I, VII or VIII of the periodic table, or mixtures of a plurality of these elements, in the presence or absence of one or more promoter elements, these elements and promoters having been applied by means of a vacuum vapor deposition technique to a support of metal foil or metal wire fabric.

Abstract: A process is described for removing heteropoly compounds from heteropoly compound-contaminated polyethers, polyesters and/or polyether esters, which comprises admixing the polymer or a solution of the same with a compound which contains at least one heteroatom which is selected from the group consisting of central atoms of heteropolyacids, is non-protic and is of a polarity so low that its addition leads to the heteropoly compounds separating out in a separate phase, and separating off the precipitated heteropoly compound phase. The remaining polymer phase is preferably further purified using a solid adsorbent.

Abstract: Preparation of epoxides from olefins by means of aromatic peroxycarboxylic acids comprises a step A of epoxidizing the olefin and removing the resulting aromatic carboxylic acid from the epoxide, a step B of catalytically hydrogenating the removed aromatic carboxylic acid to the corresponding aromatic aldehyde, and a step C of oxidizing this aldehyde with oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas mixture back to the aromatic peroxycarboxylic acid for re-use for epoxidizing an olefin.

Abstract: Aliphatic alpha,omega-aminonitriles are prepared by partial hydrogenation of aliphatic alpha,omega-dinitriles at elevated temperatures and superatmospheric pressure in the presence of a solvent and of a catalyst by a process which comprises using a catalyst which(a) contains a compound based on a metal selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, iron, ruthenium and rhodium and(b) contains from 0.

Abstract: Aliphatic alpha,omega-aminonitriles are prepared by partial hydrogenation of aliphatic alpha,omega-dinitriles at elevated temperatures and superatmospheric pressure in the presence of a solvent and of a catalyst by a process in which the catalyst(a) contains a compound based on a metal selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, iron, ruthenium and rhodium and(b) contains from 0.

Abstract: Preparation of heterocyclic aldehydes I ##STR1## (A, B=optionally substituted methylene groups; m, n=1 to 5; m+n>2), by hydrogenation of carboxylic acids IIa ##STR2## or one of their esters IIb derived from a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alcohol, at a temperature of from 200.degree. to 450.degree. C. over a catalyst.The end products are suitable as intermediates for herbicides of the cyclohexanone class.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of polytetrahydrofuran or polytetrahydrofuran monoesters of C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 monocarboxylic acids by the polymerization of tetrahydrofuran over a heterogeneous catalyst in the presence of one of the telogens water, 1,4-butanediol or polytetrahydrofuran having a molecular weight of from 200 to 700 dalton or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 monocarboxylic acid or mixtures of these telogens, wherein a supported catalyst is used as catalyst, which contains a catalytically active amount of an oxygen-containing tungsten or molybdenum compound or mixtures of these compounds on an oxidic support material and which was calcined at temperatures ranging from 500.degree. to 1000.degree. C. following the application of the precursor compounds of said oxygen-containing molybdenum and/or tungsten compounds to the support material precursor.

Abstract: Impurities are separated from aqueous solutions of 1,6-hexanediol or 1,6-hexanediol precursors, such as adipic and 6-hydroxycaproic acid, by a process which comprises adding at least one carboxylic acid to a solution (a) of 1,6-hexanediol and subjecting this solution (a) or a solution (b) containing carboxylic acid(s) as precursor(s) of 1,6-hexanediol to a heat treatment at temperatures above room temperature in the absence of hydrogen.

Abstract: Aromatic aldehydes are prepared by catalytically reacting aromatic carboxylic acids or their esters with hydrogen in the gas phase at from 200.degree. to 450.degree. C. and from 0.1 to 20 bar in the presence of a zirconium dioxide/lanthanide catalyst having a high BET surface area of from 20 to 150 m.sup.2 /g, preferably from 40 to 150 m.sup.2 /g. The proportions by weight of the catalytically active mass range from 80 to 99.9% by weight of zirconium dioxide and from 0.01 to 20 %by weight of one or more lanthanide elements. This catalyst provides very high conversion rates of 94 to 100% together with a correspondingly high selectivity for the aldehyde product.