Abstract: A valve key for operating a fluid control valve between states, the valve key comprising a body having a key portion configured for operating a correspondingly keyed part of the fluid control valve; a telemetry system and comprising sensors configured to output parameters relating to an orientation and a rotational movement of the body; a location-positioning module configured to receive data from GPS; a communications module for transmitting data; and a controller configured to determine one or more of for the key: an orientation between substantially vertical or horizontal positions, a number of rotations and geographical coordinates, wherein the controller is configured such that the telemetry system is set to a low-power state, and set to an operating state, in which the telemetry system modules and the controller are configured to record the number of rotations, when the body is oriented in substantially vertical or horizontal positions.

Abstract: Disclosed are refrigerants, and heat transfer compositions, heat transfer systems and heat transfer methods containing such refrigerants, wherein the refrigerant comprises at least about 97% by weight of the following three components (a)-(c) and the following fourth component if present: (a) trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HFCO-1233zd(E)), (b) trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234ze(E)), (c) trifluoroiodomethane (CF3I), and. (d) 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane (HFC-227ea).

Abstract: Methods and systems are described for reducing particles in the vicinity of an electrostatic chuck (300) in which a cleaning reticle or substrate (320) is secured to the chuck, the cleaning reticle or substrate having surfaces partially devoid of conductive material so that an electric field from the chuck can pass through to a volume adjacent the substrate to draw particles (360) in the volume to the surface of the substrate. Voltage supplied to the chuck may have an alternating polarity to enhance the attraction of particles to the surface.

Abstract: A mounting bar, bracket, and kit have been developed such that they can couple to a head tube of the bicycle when in a first configuration and then couple to a top tube of a bicycle when in a second configuration. The bracket may be integral with the mounting bar or may be a separate component.

Abstract: A mounting bar, bracket, and kit have been developed such that they can couple to a head tube of the bicycle when in a first configuration and then couple to a top tube of a bicycle when in a second configuration. The bracket may be integral with the mounting bar or may be a separate component.

Abstract: Designs are provided to reduce the possibility of contaminant particles with a large range of sizes, materials, travel speeds and angles of incidence reaching a particle-sensitive environment. According to an aspect of the disclosure, there is provided an object stage comprising first and second chambers, a first structure having a first surface, and a second structure. The second structure is configured to support an object in the second chamber, movable relative to the first structure. The second structure comprises a second surface opposing the first surface of the first structure thereby defining a gap between the first structure and the second structure that extends between the first chamber and the second chamber. The second structure further comprises a third surface within the first chamber. The object stage further comprises a trap disposed on at least a portion of the third surface, the trap comprising a plurality of baffles.

Abstract: Disclosed are refrigerants, and heat transfer compositions, heat transfer systems and heat transfer methods containing such refrigerants, wherein the refrigerant comprises at least about 97% by weight of the following three components (a)-(c) and the following fourth component if present: (a) trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HFCO-1233zd(E)), (b) trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234ze(E)), (c) trifluoroiodomethane (CF3I), and. (d) 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane (HFC-227ea).

Abstract: Described herein is a disinfectant system in the form of an autonomous device for performing a disinfectant operation within an enclosed space defined by the walls, ceiling and floor of a room when a predefined condition, in the form of the absence of a human being within the room, is met. The purpose of the system is environmental decontamination and specifically to inactivate pathogenic organisms. The device includes a disinfectant module for carrying out the disinfectant operation when there is an absence of a human being within the room, and a sensing module for sensing the presence of a substantially stationary human being within the room.

Abstract: A process for making edible oil-continuous emulsions by mixing slurries of hardstock fat crystals in oil with an aqueous phase to form an emulsion followed by addition of a melted hardstock. More in particular, the oil-continuous emulsions are spreads or margarines.

Abstract: Particle trap assemblies configured to reduce the possibility of contaminant particles with a large range of sizes, materials, travel speeds and angles of incidence reaching a particle-sensitive environment. The particle trap may be a gap geometric particle trap located between a stationary part and a movable part of the lithography apparatus. The particle trap may also be a surface geometric particle trap located on a surface of a particle sensitive environment in lithography or metrology apparatus.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a touch sensor comprising: a sensing area having a central region bounded by at least one edge region that extends in an edge region direction; and a plurality of conductive elements that each extend through the central region in a direction that is oblique to the edge region direction.

Abstract: Disclosed are distributed refrigeration systems, comprising: a plurality of first refrigeration circuits, with each first refrigeration circuit being provided in a respective refrigeration unit; a second refrigeration circuit, the second refrigeration circuit comprising a second circuit heat exchanger; and a third refrigeration circuit, wherein each first circuit heat exchanger is arranged to transfer heat energy between its respective first refrigeration circuit and the second refrigeration circuit; and a third circuit heat exchanger arranged to transfer heat energy between the second refrigeration circuit and the third refrigeration circuit.

Abstract: A mounting bar, bracket, and kit have been developed such that they can couple to a head tube of the bicycle when in a first configuration and then couple to a top tube of a bicycle when in a second configuration. The bracket may be integral with the mounting bar or may be a separate component.

Abstract: Particle trap assemblies configured to reduce the possibility of contaminant particles with a large range of sizes, materials, travel speeds and angles of incidence reaching a particle-sensitive environment. The particle trap may be a gap geometric particle trap located between a stationary part and a movable part of the lithography apparatus. The particle trap may also be a surface geometric particle trap located on a surface of a particle sensitive environment in lithography or metrology apparatus.

Abstract: An electrostatic clamp (300) and a method for manufacturing the same is disclosed. The electrostatic clamp includes a first layer (302) having a first ultra-low expansion (ULE) material, a second layer (304) coupled to the first layer, having a second ULE material, and a third layer (306), coupled to the second layer, having a third ULE material. The electrostatic clamp further includes a plurality of fluid channels (316) located between the first layer and the second layer and a composite layer (308) interposed between the second layer and the third layer. The method for manufacturing the electrostatic clamp includes forming the plurality of fluid channels, disposing the composite layer on the third layer, and coupling the third layer to the second layer. The plurality of fluid channels is configured to carry a thermally conditioned fluid for temperature regulation of a clamped object.

Abstract: Disclosed are cascaded refrigeration systems, comprising: a plurality of refrigeration units, each refrigeration unit containing a first refrigeration circuit, each first refrigeration circuit comprising an evaporator and a heat exchanger; and a second refrigeration circuit; wherein each first circuit heat exchanger is arranged to transfer heat energy between its respective first refrigeration circuit and the second refrigeration circuit.

Abstract: An electrostatic clamp (300) and a method for manufacturing the same is disclosed. The electrostatic clamp includes a first layer (302) having a first ultra-low expansion (ULE) material, a second layer (304) coupled to the first layer, having a second ULE material, and a third layer (306), coupled to the second layer, having a third ULE material. The electrostatic clamp further includes a plurality of fluid channels (316) located between the first layer and the second layer and a composite layer (308) interposed between the second layer and the third layer. The method for manufacturing the electrostatic clamp includes forming the plurality of fluid channels, disposing the composite layer on the third layer, and coupling the third layer to the second layer. The plurality of fluid channels is configured to carry a thermally conditioned fluid for temperature regulation of a clamped object.

Abstract: A mounting bar, bracket, and kit have been developed such that they can couple to a head tube of the bicycle when in a first configuration and then couple to a top tube of a bicycle when in a second configuration. The bracket may be integral with the mounting bar or may be a separate component.

Abstract: An apparatus for dispensing a plurality of liquids, in particular colorants for paints, comprising a support, such as a turntable or a linear table, defining a plurality of positions and a plurality of containers holding a liquid, mounted on the support at the positions, and provided with a pump and/or a valve for dispensing the liquid from the container. At least some of the containers form, together with a respective liquid and pump and/or valve, a cartridge, which cartridge is releasably mounted in the apparatus.

Abstract: A laser cladding device for applying a coating to a part comprising a laser which can generate laser light, which is adapted to heat the coating and the part, a main body defining a laser light channel adapted to transmit the laser light to the part, a coating channel adapted to transmit the coating to the part, and a vacuum channel and a nozzle having an exit. The nozzle comprises a delivery port at one end of the laser light channel, a coating port at one end of the coating channel, and a vacuum port at one end of the vacuum channel, wherein the vacuum port is positioned generally adjacent the delivery port In operation the vacuum port draws a vacuum, pulling the coating towards the part.