Abstract: A retransmission method includes obtaining, by a transmitter, a to-be-coded bit sequence that comprises K to-be-coded bits, where K is a positive integer. The retransmission method further includes performing polar coding on the to-be-coded bit sequence thereby obtaining a coded first bit sequence, and determining an initial transmission version (RV0). A length of the coded first bit sequence is N0. The retransmission method further includes determining a length (E1) of a retransmission version (RV1), determining the RV1 based on an initial transmission bit rate (R0), and sending the RV1.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a timing offset parameter update method, a device, and a system, and relate to the field of communication technologies, to help reduce signaling overheads generated when a network device updates a value of a timing offset parameter. The method includes: A terminal device obtains first information that includes a first reference value and first indication information, where the first indication information indicates an update rule of a timing offset parameter, and the first reference value is an initial value of the timing offset parameter. The terminal device updates a value of the timing offset parameter based on the first information and a timing offset variation, to obtain an updated value of the timing offset parameter, where an absolute value of the timing offset variation is equal to an absolute value of a difference between any two consecutively updated values of the timing offset parameter.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of detecting the presence of a target analyte in a sample. Disclosed herein are also a system, an article, and a kit for detecting the presence of a target analyte in a sample. Disclosed herein is also the use of the system, or the article, or the kit for biomolecule, bioorganelle, bioparticle, cell and microorganism detection.

Abstract: Embodiments of the application provide a method for transmitting data in a wireless communication network. A device of the network receives a bit sequence of K information bits. The device polar codes the bit sequence to obtain a first encoded sequence, wherein a length of the first encoded sequence is N, and N is greater than or equal to K. The device block interleaves the first encoded sequence to obtain an interleaved bit sequence. The device determines a transmission code rate R. When the transmission code rate R is less than the code rate threshold, the device outputs a second bit sequence. The length of the second bit sequence is M, M is smaller than N. The second bit sequence is punctured from the interleaved bit sequence by removing (N?M) bits from beginning of the interleaved bit sequence.

Abstract: This application discloses a data transmission method, apparatus, and system. The method includes: generating a to-be-sent bit sequence, where the to-be-sent bit sequence includes one or more bits in a bit sequence having a length of (N?M), where N is a length of a mother code for polar encoding, M is a length of encoded bits obtained after rate matching is performed on a bit sequence having a length of N, N is m raised to the power of an integer, m is a positive integer greater than 1, M is a positive integer, and N>M; and sending the generated bit sequence. A corresponding apparatus and system are further disclosed. In this application, in this data transmission solution, an additional coding gain is generated during decoding, so that a decoding FER is reduced, and decoding performance is improved.

Abstract: A side information transmission method and apparatus, where data to be transmitted by a transmit end includes at least one first data sub-block and at least one second data sub-block. A first modulated signal is obtained based on a first phase rotation factor. A second modulated signal is obtained based on a second phase rotation factor. Side information is generated based on the first phase rotation factor and the second phase rotation factor. The first data sub-block is carried on a first subcarrier, and the side information is also mapped to the first carrier. The first modulated signal corresponding to the at least one first data sub-block, the second modulated signal corresponding to the at least one second data sub-block, and a modulated signal corresponding to the side information are superposed to obtain a to-be-transmitted signal.

Abstract: Encoding methods and apparatuses are provided. The method includes: obtaining to-be-encoded information including K information bits and a mother code length N; determining, based on K and N, a set I corresponding to subchannels of the information bits, where information bits corresponding to subchannel sequence numbers in I are distributed in X outer-code subcodes including X1 first-type outer-code subcodes, quantities of information bits in the X1 first-type outer-code subcodes are P1, P2, . . . , and PX1, Pi (i=1, 2, . . . , X1) is one of K1, K2, . . . , and Km, which are greater than a first threshold LB and less than a second threshold HB, 1=<m<(HB?LB?1), LB+1<HB, HB<=a length B of an outer-code subcode, X, HB, and B are positive integers, and LB is an integer >=0; and performing encoding based on I.

Abstract: An encoding method includes obtaining to-be-encoded information and a mother code length N. The to-be-encoded information includes K information bits. The method also includes determining, based on K and N, a set I corresponding to subchannels of the information bits and a set F corresponding to subchannels of frozen bits. Information bits corresponding to subchannel sequence numbers in the set I are distributed in X outer component codes, a code length of each outer component code is B, and the X outer component codes includes a first-type outer component code and a second-type outer component code or the X outer component codes include a first-type outer component code, a second-type outer component code, and one third-type outer component code. Different types of component codes have different code rates. The method additionally includes performing polarization encoding based on the set I and the set F.

Abstract: Embodiments of this application provide a method for processing information bits in a wireless communication network. A device obtains a Polar encoded bit sequence, then divide the Polar encoded bit sequence into g groups that are of equal length N/g, wherein g is 32. The device block interleaves the g groups to obtain an interleaved bit sequence according to a sequence S, wherein the sequence S comprises: group numbers of the g groups, wherein a group whose number is 0 is the first element in the sequence S, wherein a group whose number is 12 is the 17th element in the sequence S, wherein a group whose number is 31 is the 32nd element in the sequence S, wherein the S is an integer and output the interleaved bit sequence.

Abstract: A resource mapping method and apparatus and a resource mapping indication method and apparatus are provided to adapt to an interference cancellation function of a receiver. According to the method, a network device obtains a mapping mode used for resource mapping during uplink transmission, and sends, to a terminal, information indicating the mapping mode. The mapping mode is used to indicate mapping locations of a plurality of modulation symbols in a resource mapping block (RMB), the RMB comprises a plurality of resource elements (REs), and at least one of the plurality of REs carries at least two modulation symbols.

Abstract: A communication method and apparatus are configured to design a constellation diagram that matches a communication scenario. The constellation diagram can adapt to different communication scenarios and meet different communication performance requirements, thereby improving network performance. In the communication method, a first communication apparatus sends a constellation diagram design parameter, where the constellation diagram design parameter includes a communication scenario design parameter and a communication apparatus design parameter. The first communication apparatus receives information about a second constellation diagram, where the second constellation diagram corresponds to the constellation diagram design parameter. The first communication apparatus performs communication by using the second constellation diagram.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of detecting the presence or absence of an analyte in a test sample, based on the use of motion resistant particle for example non-magnetic particle coated with first sensing element for the analyte and force driven particle for example superparamagnetic particle coated with a second sensing element for the analyte so as to form a motion resistant particle-analyte-force driven particle conjugate. A viscous medium is added to the mixture and a force such as magnetic force is applied to provide separation of the conjugate for quantification. Disclosed herein are also a sensing kit, a system for detecting the presence or absence of an analyte in a test sample and the use of the kit or the system thereof.

Abstract: Embodiments of the application provide a method for rate matching in a wireless communication network. A device obtains K information bits and a target code length M of a polar code, determines, according to a minimum value of a set of values, a mother code length N1, polar encodes the K information bits to obtain an encoded sequence of N1 bits, obtains a target sequence of M bits from the N1 bit encoded sequence, and outputs the M-bit target sequence. When the mother code length N1 is larger than the target code length M, (N1?M) bits of the encoded sequence are punctured or shortened from the N1 bit encoded sequence.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method and apparatus, and relates to the field of communication technologies. According to the method, the terminal device determines a location of an NTN device in an NTN. The method includes: A network device sends system information to the terminal device. The system information includes a location parameter of a non-terrestrial network NTN device, and the system information is used to indicate time information of the location parameter.

Abstract: A fluctuation belt ecological slope protection system that responds to hydrological variation includes a runoff treatment system and an ecological floating island system. The runoff treatment system includes a grass planting side ditch and a water accumulation pit-pond. The ecological floating island system includes an ecological floating island and an ecological gabion base. The ecological floating island includes a flexible substrate, and aquatic plants. The ecological gabion base is positioned below the ecological floating island. The ecological protection system is suitable for a fluctuation belt and consists of a runoff treatment system and a separable ecological floating island system.

Abstract: Provided is a Helicobacter pylori ferritin-based novel coronavirus S protein single-region subunit nano-vaccine. According to the present invention, a receptor binding domain (RBD) of a virus is used as an antigen and is connected with a Helicobacter pylori multimeric protein (HP_Ferritin) to form a fusion protein RBD-HP_Ferritin, such that antigen multimerization is realized; and an eukaryotic cell expression system is then utilized for expression, so as to form a 24-mer nano-antigen by means of the self-assembly action of the HP_Ferritin. According to the solution, the defect that RBD monomers are insufficient in immunogenicity can be overcome; the obtained vaccine can remarkably improve the level of neutralizing antibodies of a host to viruses; and the generated antibodies have the capacity to strongly prevent the viruses from invading target cells.

Abstract: This application provides a method and communication apparatus. In an example method, a first communication apparatus obtains a first artificial intelligence (AI) model corresponding to a first task. The first communication apparatus obtains first data corresponding to a first feature, where the first feature is a feature of data processed by using the first AI model, and the first data is used for drawing inferences for decision-making of the first task. The first communication apparatus determines an inference result for the decision-making of the first task based on the first data and the first AI model.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method and apparatus. The method may include: A first communication apparatus receives configuration information of a first neural network; the first communication apparatus determines the first neural network based on the configuration information of the first neural network; the first communication apparatus obtains first channel information based on channel information obtained through measurement and the first neural network, where a data amount of the first channel information is less than a data amount of the channel information obtained through measurement; and the first communication apparatus sends the first channel information, where the first channel information is used to obtain second channel information by using a second neural network, and the second channel information is used for data transmission.

Abstract: A retransmission method includes obtaining, by a sending apparatus, a to-be-encoded bit sequence comprising K to-be-encoded bits, where K is a positive integer. The method also includes performing polar encoding on the to-be-encoded sequence to obtain an encoded first bit sequence. A length of the first bit sequence is N0. The method also includes determining an initial transmission version RV0. The method also includes determining a length E1 of a retransmission version RV1. The method also includes determining the retransmission version RV1 based on an initial transmission code rate RO. The method also includes sending the RV1.

Abstract: Examples in this application provide a wireless communication method and device. One example method includes obtaining downlink control information and a scrambled sequence from a network device, where bits corresponding to the scrambled sequence are scrambled with each piece of configuration information of a plurality of pieces of configuration information used for configuring a terminal device by the network device, each piece of the configuration information corresponds to at least one bit in the scrambled sequence, and at least one bit of the bits that correspond to each piece of the configuration information does not correspond to another piece of configuration information of the plurality of pieces of the configuration information, descrambling, based on a possible value of each piece of the configuration information, the bits corresponding to each piece of the configuration information, to obtain a descrambled sequence, and performing a check operation using the descrambled sequence and the DCI.