Abstract: A method and apparatus for operating a UE and a BS to perform contention-based scheduling of downlink signal transmissions are disclosed. The method includes receiving, from at least one of BSs adjacent to the UE, a channel carrying inter-BS contention information for downlink signal transmission in an (n+1)th time unit, n being an integer, broadcasting to the BSs a contention number with a highest priority level among contention numbers extracted from the inter-BS contention information, and receiving a downlink signal from a BS that transmitted inter-BS contention information related to the contention number with the highest priority level in the (n+1)th time unit.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for generating polite expressions for automatic translation. The apparatus includes a relationship recognition unit, a polite level selection unit, and a translation unit. The relationship recognition unit extracts relationship information from a conversation between first and second language users and personal information of the first and second language users and then recognizes the social relationship between the language users. The polite level selection unit selects a polite level for the conversation between the first and second language users based on the extracted relationship information. The translation unit generates polite expressions corresponding to the selected polite level, and translates the conversation between the first and second language users into a target language based on the generated polite expressions.

Abstract: An air conditioning system for motor vehicles includes an air conditioner case, a cold air path through which a cold air flows, a warm air path through which a warm air flows, a temperature control door arranged to swing between the cold air path and the warm air path so as to control an opening degree of the cold air path and an opening degree of the warm air path, a defrost vent arranged to discharge the cold air and the warm air toward an upper region of a vehicle room, a bypass duct arranged to bypass a part of the warm air toward the defrost vent, the bypass duct including an inlet aligned with the warm air path and an outlet aligned with the defrost vent, and a cold air introducing portion arranged in at least one of the inlet and the outlet of the bypass duct.

Abstract: Inverted cucurbituril compounds having at least one pair of hydrogen atoms protruding into an internal molecular cavity thereof.

Abstract: A user-interactive automatic translation device for a mobile device, includes: a camera image controller for converting an image captured by a camera into a digital image; an image character recognition controller for user-interactively selecting a character string region to be translated from the digital image, performing a character recognition function on the selected character string region based on an optical character reader (OCR) function and character recognition information to generate a text string; and user-interactively correcting errors included in the text string.

Abstract: A speech recognition method using a domain ontology includes: constructing domain ontology DB; forming a speech recognition grammar using the formed domain ontology DB; extracting a feature vector from a speech signal; modeling the speech signal using an acoustic model. The method performs speech recognition by using the acoustic model, the speech recognition dictionary and the speech recognition grammar on the basis of the feature vector.

Abstract: A post-editing apparatus for correcting translation errors, includes: a translation error search unit for estimating translation errors using an error-specific language model suitable for a type of error desired to be estimated from translation result obtained using a translation system, and determining an order of correction of the translation errors; and a corrected word candidate generator for sequentially generating error-corrected word candidates for respective estimated translation errors on a basis of analysis of an original text of the translation system. The post-editing apparatus further includes a corrected word selector for selecting a final corrected word from among the error-corrected word candidates by using the error-specific language model suitable for the type of error desired to be corrected, and incorporating the final corrected word in the translation result, thus correcting the translation errors.

Abstract: A hybrid translation apparatus includes a source language input unit for generalizing an input source language sentence for each node; a statistics-based translation knowledge database(DB) for storing learning data generalized for each node to be acquired; a first translation result generating unit for transforming the source language sentence generalized for each node into a node expression using the statistics-based translation knowledge to generate a first translation result; and a second translation result generating unit for repeatedly performing the generation of a target word for each node on the first translation result using pattern-based knowledge to generate a second translation result as target words for the respective nodes.

Abstract: Disclosed are a personalized advertisement device based on speech recognition SMS services and a personalized advertisement exposure method based on speech recognition SMS services. The present invention provides a personalized advertisement device based on speech recognition SMS services and a personalized advertisement exposure method based on speech recognition SMS services capable of maximizing an effect of advertisement by grasping user's intention, an emotion state, and positional information from speech data uttered by a user during a process of providing speech recognition SMS services, configuring advertisements based thereon, and exposing the configured advertisements to a user.

Abstract: The present invention provides a Korean-English hybrid automatic translation method for providing translation from Korean to English, includes: performing a morpheme analysis and a syntactic analysis on a Korean input source text; segmenting the Korean input source text into at least two source text segments, based on the results of the morpheme analysis and the syntactic analysis; and generating a PBMT (pattern-based machine translation) translated text segment and a SMT (statistical machine translation) translated text segment with respect to each of the source text segments. Further, the method includes determining, as final translation result, one of the PBMT translated text segment and the SMT translated text segment with respect to each source text segment, based on predetermined weight information; and composing the translated text segments with respect to the source text segments of the Korean input source text into one English translated text by using the determined final translation results.

Abstract: A speech understanding apparatus includes: a speech recognition unit for recognizing an input speech to produce a speech recognition result; a sentence analysis unit for performing morpheme analysis on a sentence corresponding to the speech recognition result, extracting additional information, and performing syntax analysis; a hierarchy describing unit for describing hierarchy of the sentence; a class transformation unit for performing class transformation on the sentence; a semantic representation determination unit for marking optional expressions for the sentence, deleting meaningless expressions and the additional information, converting the sentence into its base form, and deleting morphemic tags or symbols to determine a semantic representation; a semantic representation retrieval unit for retrieving the determined semantic representation from an example-based semantic representation pattern database; and a retrieval result processing unit for selectively producing a retrieved semantic representation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a translation apparatus and method using multiple translation engines. The translation apparatus using the multiple translation engines may include a structure analysis unit to analyze a structure of an original sentence, a sentence receiver to receive, from translation engines, translations of the original sentence, and a sentence determining unit to determine one of the received translations to be a translation result based on performance information for the translation engines corresponding to the structure of the original sentence.

Abstract: Methods for reserving a data channel and apparatuses supporting the same are disclosed. A method for reserving a data channel in a wireless access system includes transmitting a request frame for reserving the data channel by a sending node, and receiving a notify frame in response to the request frame during a first time period or a second time period by the sending node. If the notify frame is received during the first time period, the sending node determines that the request frame has been collided, and if the notify frame is received during the second time period, the sending node determines that the data channel has been reserved successfully.

Abstract: A message service method using speech recognition includes a message server recognizing a speech transmitted from a transmission terminal, generating and transmitting a recognition result of the speech and N-best results based on a confusion network to the transmission terminal; if a message is selected through the recognition result and the N-best results and an evaluation result according to accuracy of the message are decided, the transmission terminal transmitting the message and the evaluation result to a reception terminal; and the reception terminal displaying the message and the evaluation result.

Abstract: A machine-translation apparatus using multi-level verbal-phrase patterns includes: a simple sentence generation unit for generating an input simple sentence; a basic verbal-phrase pattern-matching unit for trying a match of a semantic code of each case component of the input simple sentence with basic verbal-phrase patterns; a default verbal-phrase pattern matching unit for trying a match of a size and case prepositions of the input simple sentence with default verbal-phrase patterns having a verb identical to that of the input simple sentence; a default word-order matching unit for trying a match of a word-order of the input simple sentence with default word-order verbal-phrase patterns having a case component structure identical to that of the input simple sentence; and a default preposition matching unit for generating a target sentence of an input sentence with default preposition patterns having a context identical to that of the input simple sentence.

Abstract: An uplink/downlink scheduling in a mobile communication system and signal transmitting/receiving scheme using the same. A base station performs scheduling in consideration of an inter-cell interference link formed according to a dynamic scheduling. User equipment transmits and receives signals through the same. Each user equipment manages an interferential base station list to meet the process rate requirements. If a specific user equipment receives a first step scheduling signal including a user equipment specifying information for specifying the specific user equipment and a contention number information, base stations in a base station list managed by the corresponding user equipment are regarded as having real inter-cell interference links. Hence, in order for a base station having a highest priority to enable a resource assignment in a corresponding scheduling stage, a silencing signal for requesting a resource assignment prohibition is transmitted to the rest of the base stations.

Abstract: A translation-memory application method for automatic translation includes: generating TM-expanded forms by applying TM expansion rules respectively to source sentences whose morphemes have been analyzed; storing in an expanded TM database translated sentences corresponding to the generated TM-expanded source sentences; analyzing morphemes if an input sentence does not match any of the source sentences stored in basic TM database; generating a TM-expanded form by applying pertinent ones among the TM expansion rules to the input sentence whose morphemes have been analyzed; and producing, if the TM-expanded input sentence matches one of the TM-expanded source sentences stored in the expanded TM database, a translated output corresponding to the matched TM-expanded source sentence.

Abstract: A driving system for a liquid crystal display device includes a system unit to supply image data to be displayed on a liquid crystal panel, the system unit generating a system dimming signal, an inverter unit to control luminance of a backlight unit, the inverter unit receiving the system dimming signal, and a control unit to control display of images on the liquid crystal panel, the control unit receiving the system dimming signal from the inverter unit and outputting a control dimming signal to the inverter unit, wherein the inverter unit adjusts luminance of the backlight unit using the control dimming signal input from the control unit.

Abstract: A domain-adapted portable machine translation device for closed captions using dynamic translation resources and a method thereof are provided. The device and method improve translation performance with respect to various specialized domains by automatically recognizing style and domain of a caption sentence, dynamically constructing specialized translation module and knowledge, and performing automatic translation with optimal translation resources suitable for a corresponding sentence. Not only does the domain-adapted portable machine translation device for closed captions exhibit improved translation performance for sentences in various domains, but it can also be freely linked with various media devices through input/output terminals.

Abstract: Disclosed are a system for providing a broadcast service and a method for providing a broadcast service. An example of the method for providing a broadcast service includes receiving a broadcast signal including broadcast contents and side information to provide the broadcast contents; reading out at least one of objects from question data that is input regarding the broadcast contents and primarily analyzing the read-out object to read out a subject of the question data; searching a social media site and collecting social media data relating to the subject from the searched social media site; secondarily analyzing the social media data and the side information in the broadcast signal on the basis of the subject; and configuring answer data corresponding to the subject using the analysis result and providing the answer data, and provides information which is extended and varied in real time.